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INTERNATIONAL 


ributt 


PUBLISHED  WITH  THE  NEW  YORK  TIMES  AND  THE  WASHINGTON  POST 


Paris,  Wednesday,  December  8, 1993 


eEnds 


Power  in  South  Africa 


Salvage  Bitter 
Black  Youths ? . 

. By  Bffl  Keller  ... 

. New  York  Times  Sendee 

GUGULETU,  Sftnth  Afrir»  — “J  raw 
leave  you  here  and  go  away  and  comeback 
just  now,**  Victor  Mdekazt  told  a white 
guest  in  this  blade,  township.  “When  I 
comeback  I win  find  you  soo-o-o  much  in 

He  sat  in  a parked  car  around  the  comer 
from  the  gas  station  where  Amy  Biehl  an 
American  Fnlbxjght  scholar.  was 
to  deatirin  Almost  by  a taunting  mob  of 
young  men  for  being  a whUeiame  wrong 
place. 

Mr.  Mdekazi,  18,  and  an  organizer  far  v 

blade  natinmaKst  istnAaif  nrgin^afinii-  in- 
tended no  thr  eat,  merely  base  instruction 
in  an  unpredictable  factor  of  South  Afri- 
can politics:  the  temper  of  tfaccoun  try’s 
marginalized  yonng Hafa  ...  • 

They  are,  to  judge  from  a day  among' 
them  hers,  spirits  calloused  by  apartheid  - 
and  resistance.  They -scorn  ideate  made  in. 
their  name  at  negotiating  tables.  They  an- 
ticipate fite  nation’s  mst  freedectioos 
other  with  bottomless  cymptsm,:  or  wfth 
fantastic  expectations.  Even  their  leaders 
wonder  if  they  can  be  led;  ■ /.  • - • 

“We*ve  got  to  be  reaSstie  and  honest 
here,”  said  Tsicts  chsinBazz  at 

the  Pan- Africanist  ^tirftfp^  Orgnnfyjmnnj 
which  comes  closest  tospeakiog  for  the 
hardened  bare-  of  tbe  fflpemtiop:  “That 
hatred,  yce  growup,  h devdops  within. 
you.  It  neer&  nmdi  poh'tical  ermcation  to  * 
giveit  direction*’  - v ■■:• 

- Sinceibck3fiBg<rf the  American  wom- 
an, Guguletu,  anotiyjwi$e  unexceptional 
HadcsettldBarf- ftarn&riagin-Sie’ocean' 
of  destitution  thatlaps  at  -the  edge  of  . 
idyllic  ^spe  Town,  has  .accepted  its  new 
notorii^withDTrti^c^-  'v  ‘ •-"* 

Tqf  toed  Sever* 


wnryiiyiiiwiPTI i—w i fP-1  w WMiHi  f 

freed  after  a wiines?  said  he  wps  too  terri-; 
fied  to  testify 

ty  to  dfflTnnsnatfr  iqqakm  rf^tatean- 
ibority.  - •;  *•;..*•  • 

- Tbeyjooraeyto&e  trim  m downtown 
Cape  Town;  war^andng  outside  the 
hedge  of  razor  wire  that  wpoSce  havi 
pci  up  for  security,  chanting  nOoe  setdra, 
one  buRetf”  hissing  “Seated’*  at  white, 
journalists  who  pass  .by,  laughing  as  . the 

_7  : SeeBLAC^I^?  ; . ; . 


. By  Paul  Tayior 

Washington  Pea  Service 

CAPETOWN  — The  era  of  exclusive  white 
minority  rule  In  South  Africa  came  to  a dose 
. here  Tuesday  with  the  installation  of  the  Tran- ' 
sitional  Executive  Council,  a multiparty,  mutir- 
adal-  body  that  will  oversee  preparations  for 
thiscoontiy’s  Erst  mrivereal  suffrage  election. 

The  adveritof  the  council  marks  the  first  time 
that  black  South  Africans  have  an  official  influ-  = 
cnce  over  government  dedson-makmg. 

Its  inaugural  session  triggered  a protest  near 
Pretoria,  where  30  aimed  pro-apartheid  white 
rightists  occupied  a former  Boer  War  fort  that 
is  now  a museum. 

The  mandate  of  the  carnal , an  interim  body, 

- is  to  “level  ibe  piffling  field”  in  advance  of  the 
April  27  election.  It  will  have  a combination  of 
administrative,  watchdog  and  veto  powers  over 
election  law,  internal  security  measures  and 
foreign  affairs. 

Its  first  meeting  was  held  in  an, ornate  con- 
verted theater  near  parliament  that  once 
housed  the  president's  council,  a governmental 
: body  created  a decade  ago  to  rig  the  legislative 
deck  in  fervor  of  while  rale. 

“It’s  a poetic  inmy  that  we  can  be  sitting  here 
in  a chamber  built  to  prop  up  apartheid  as  we 
begin  the  task  of  destroying  the  jxllars  of  apart- 
' beau,*  skid  Joe  SI  ova  charrman  of  the  South 
African  Communist  Party,  one  of  19  groups 
t with  a seat  <m  coundL  Ail  hut  three  of  the 
1 groups  arc  predominantly  black. 

Absent  from  the  council  were  any  members 
: of  die  Freedom  Alliance,  a group  of  white 
conservative  and  black  homeland  leaders  who 
oppose  the  negotiated  transition  to  majority 
rote  and  prefer  some  form  of  confederation  to  a 
■ unitary  state.' 

Last-minute  negotiations  between  the  gov- 
ernment and  the  alliance  failed  to  produce  a 
breakthrough.  Government  negotiators  said 
they  still  expected  the  black  homeland  parties 
to  partiemate  in  the  election,  hut  were  unsure 
whether  the  Conservative  Parly  and  the  Afrika- 
ner VoDufranf,  which  are  holding  out  Jar  an 
ethnic  state  for  whites,  would  campaign  as  wdL 

Although  the  coundl  is  the' product  ofTong 
negotiations,  its  leaders. cast  its  functions  is. 

' ^^^techief  negotiator  for  the  African  National 
Congress,  Cym  Ramaphosa,  warned  that  the 
. .cqamcal  iuust  not  be  merely  an  advisory  body 
.'  restricted,  to  using  “toy  tetephones”  — an 
imarftdd  era  term  used  to  describe  the  fllusion 
^ rf  input  whi^i . whites  gave  blacks.  “We  must 
resist  &e  attenmt  to  reduce  the  T EC  to  a 
: (^ooflil^body,”  he  said. 

- ft»A?nk  W.  ^IQ«fc,  spealong 
.•before  fie  kR  for  'Norway  ^where  be  and  the 

ANGroteride&C^idsan  Mandela;  mil  receive 
. , theHobd  PeaceProir  later  in  tlwweek,  said  die 
canoed  was  “not  a new  govtramenC’ 

• Their  differences^ Appeared  to  be  inpstW  a 
^matter  of  partisan  sqnantics,  however.  A close 
wodring  idatioDStup  has  developed  in  recent 
months  betweem  the  government  and  the  ANC, 

■ and'  they . have  coBaboratcd  on  virtually  all 

' ^^i^fot'^firial^act, the couneflagreed to. 

SeeSfflFT,P*ge7 


Miuhun  Hjuno/Rancn 

:importincrke. 


Japanese  rice  fanners  s&ting  in  fnmt  of  the  Ministry  of  Agricrilttrc  in  Tokyo  durii^  a demonstration  on  Tuesday  against  importu^ 

Breaking  Taboo,  Japan  to  Import  Rice 


By  David  JE.  Sanger 

New  "York  Tima  Service 

TOKYO — After  decades  of  saying  that  rice 
and  rice  farmers  hold  a sacred  place  in  Japanese 
society  that  must  be  protected  from  farrign. 
incursions,  the  government  c#  Prime  Minister 
Morihiro  Hosokawa  said  Tuesday  that  it  would 
reluctantly  open  the  nation’s  rice  market  to 
imports,  removing  a major  stumbling  block  to 
die  conclusion  of  world  trade  talks  by  the 
middle  of  next  week. 

Mr.  Hosokawa  is  expected  to  make  the  his- 
toric announcement,  whose  symbolism  and  po- 
litical importance  in  Japan  outweighs  its  eco- 
nomic impact,  in  a speech  to  country  on  Friday, 
members  of  Ids  cabinet  said  Tuesday. 

But  the  55-year  old  prime  minister,  who  has 
carefully  stage-managed  the  opening  of  the 


market  for  weeks,  left  little  doubt  about  his 
intentions  when  he  told  parliament  that  main- 
taining the  blanket  ban  on  imported  rice  threat- 
ened the  system  that  is  the  lifeblood  of  Japa- 
nese indastiy. 

Even  before"  Mr.  Hosokawa’s  declaration, 
however,  a rebeffioo  erupted  within  his  fragile 
coalition  government  that  could  threaten  many 
of  the  economic  and  anti-corruption  reforms  at 
the  center  of  Japan's  stew-burning  political 
revolution. 

The  Social  Democratic  Party,  the  biggest 
component  of  the  eight-party  coalition  govern- 
ment and  the  most  steadfast  defender  of  farm- 
era,  threatened  to  leave  the  government,  an 
event  that  would  tikdy  trigger  its  collapse. 

The  opposition  Liberal  Democrats,  who  were 
-unseated  m July  after  ruling  for  38  years,  were 


maneuvering  to  use  the  rice  issue  to  derail  Mr. 
Hosokawa’s  political  reform  efforts  and  bring 
an  end  to  the  70  percent  approval  rating  he  has 
enjoyed  for  months. 

Mr.  Hosokawa  s political  Lieutenants  seemed 
relatively  sure  the  Socialists'  threat  to  walk  out 
was  a bluff,  staged  for  the  benefit  of  its  farmer 
constituents. 

But  they  were  clearly  concerned  that  whatev- 
er magic  seemed  to  surround  the  first  100  days 
of  his  premiership  was  quickly  wearing  off. 

In  the  past  week.  Mr.  Hosokawa  has  issued 
contradictory  statements  on  bow  and  when  he 
would  announce  an  economic  stimulus  package 
to  rescue  an  economy  mired  in  recession,  all  but 
abandoned  his  commitment  to  pass  the  politi- 

See  RICE,  Page  7 


High-Flying  Mechanics  Giving  Hubble  an  Exotic  New  Set  of  Eyes 

Bv  Katlxv  Sawyer  day,  replacing  solar-power  panels, ’gyroscopes  era.  it  represents  about  50  percent  of  the  orbital  drama  was  to  be  installation  of  the  designed  to  provide  the  greatest  leap  f 

.oy  _ .7  -if  nononriral  eonromenL  Then  on  lelrsmtv’s  scientific  camritv.  The  new  S23.9  other  half  of  the  new  optical  egiripmeni:  a 700-  tronomera  since  the  in veution  of  the  teles 


HOUSTON —The  crew  of  the  space  «hm- , 
tie  Endeavour  wis:  hoping  for  a grand  dam; 
Tuesday  night  as  it  prepared- for  its  foorth 
spacewafcaFthe  U-day  repair  mission  r- tins 
tone  to  install  the  second  and  final  set  of 
corrective  optics  required  to  inmrove.thc  hhn^ 
iy  vision  of  the  Hubble  Space  Telescope. 

The  KgMlyjtilS  ineciifflJKS,  opera%B  in  al- 
ternating pairs  with -remarkable  efficteiiqr, 
have  worked  on  the  teteseppe  since  late  Satur- 


day,  replacing  solar-power  panels,  gyroscopes 
ana  other  nanoptical  equipment  Then  on 
Tuesday  morning  — to  tae  aetighf  of  axaioas 
astronomers  — they  installed  an  improved 

AlookatNASA’sgoablwfeHrfdjierepah 
interim  and  Ae  states  of  etch.  Page  3. 

/replacement  for  the  telescope's  workhorse 
-camera. 

Known  as  the  Wide  Fidd/ Planetary  Cam- 


era, it  represents  about  50  percent  of  the 
telescope’s  scientific  capacity.  The  new  $23.9 
mflKon  unit  contains  an  optical  system  spe- 
cially deagned  to  reverse  the  effects  of  an 
error  in  the  shape  of  the  telescope's  main 
Tnhmr  Astronauts  did  the  extremely  delicate 
apparatus  into  place  well  ahead  of  schedule. 

“Every  day  is  becoming  more  of  a “Can  you 
top  this?”*  said  a backup  astronaut,  Gregory 
Harbaugh,  at  the  Johnson  Space  Center’s  mis- 
sion control.  . - 

The  scheduled  centerpiece  of  Wednesday’s 


orbital  drama  was  to  be  installation  of  the 
other  half  of  the  new  optical  equipment:  a 700- 
pound  (300-kflomam)  box  the  size  ctf  a phone 
booth.  Called  COSTAR,  it  contains  a system 
of  small  ante  designed  to  unfold  and  extend 
correctively  ground  mirrors  the  size  of  coins  in 
front  of  the  telescope’s  remaining  instruments. 

The  two  optical  packages  together,  if  they 
pass  a routine  six-  or  eight-week  checkout, 
should  restore  at  least  90  percent  of  the  tele- 
scope's promised  capability,  scientists  said. 

The  Hubble,  launched  m April  1990,  was 


designed  to  provide  the  greatest  leap  for  as- 
tronomers since  the  invention  of  the  telescope, 
bringing  into  sharp  focus  for  the  first  time 
objects  as  distant  as  the  outer  edges  of  the 
universe.  The  flaw,  discovered  shortly  after  the 
Hubble  was  placed  in  orbil  365  miles  (590 
kilometers)  above  the  Earth,  has  limited  its 
studies  mainly  to  extremely  nearby  or  bright 
objects. 

The  spacewalking  team  of  Kathryn  C. 

See  SPACE,  Page  7 


|?  1 1 Houphouet-Boigny  Dies 


By  Keameth  Noble 

New  York  Uma'Servke 


” and  he  askedfor  the  cooperation  of 


OF^ 


Coast,  Africa's  longcst-scivmg  neaa  or  rare 

and  one  of  the  lastrf  a genentem^ of  Jcadewto . 
take  his  people  from  cotemafism  to  indepen- 
dence, diSrasday  at  Yamoassoukro,  Ivwy 

Htnmhou*t-Boigny.  who  had  been  ill  for 

thri‘STiag ™ngn-B6dife.  president  of  the  Na- 

SSfSEIsIl 


The  sen  of  a wealthy  diifif  who  owned  large 
cocoa  *nrt  coffee  plantations,  Mr.  Houpfaou&t- 


eO' day' 


:^ite5SSSS32? 

ESSSwteVt 

‘ f ’ - 

— Newsstand  Price*  

ssgggS 3$ 

Corner0on^  ™ R6unton..vllJ0FF 
egyPf...-E-P^2c  SmidfArrfite^-®^ 

France — -JJ®  5enfoaL“5m°pTAS 
Gabon — Spain — -*®SS2. 

Gree^"^C?A  Tur^y  .".T-L-^000 

. |vorv.Coast«5»<-FA  TurKBy-  DJrh 


nial  edocatiost  system  to  .became  a prosperous 
rural  doctor  aria  successful  planter. 

' -Since  Vrnnihig  president  of  Ivory  Coast  in 
J960,  Mr.  flouphouBt-Bo^iy  presided  over  a 
tenf  did  increase  in  pier  capita  income,  to  about 
_ $900  today,  in  what  had  been  one  of  Fiance’s 
more  backward  African  catontes. 

A lyrtraldflflMgfl  in  I^^Cwsfs  prosperity 

arid  deydop  agriculwril  resowc«  firatpe^ro 
cnconrtE^d  foreign  investment  with  few leano- 
tions  on  the  txansfer  of  profits  and  capital 

The  first  20  .years  or  so  after  independence 
’bore  out  his  strategy.  Ivaiy  Coast  became  the 
tbhdieadmgcidfee  producer heiund  Brazil  and 
rriinmHin,  and  by  the  eadv 1980s  it  became  the 
world’s  Tiding  cocoa  producer.  The  country 
was  often  citeS  as  a -showcase  for  successful 
capitalist  development  in" au'African  setting. 

a combmatron  of  potitkal  acumen, 
doquence  a&d  a cahn  and  authoritative  man* 
ner,  he  vw  able  to  avoid  most  of  the  bloody 
confrontation  and- political  turmoil  that 
ntagued  postindepenaeoce  Africa.  Even  his 
harshest  critics,  who  tailed  him  a tod  of  neo- 
cdreriaKsm,  concede  that  be  mxdted  a strong 
sensed  nationhood  amtmg  ihecou&tzy’s  near- 
ly 60  distmtt  ahategrtwps.  . 

He  torbed  to  poKtks  in  die  nrid-1940s.  In 
1944-J»-was  aoofoooder,  witiLoffier  fisgnffi- 
tied  African  ]danUas,  of  theAfricaaAgricultur- 
al  ^yriScate,  a group  organned  to  protect  its 
members’  intereas  against  inroads  by  French 
settlers.  Within  a year,  aftq-  convening  the 
organizaiion  into  fitt  Democratic- fety  of  the 

SccHOUFROUET-BOIGNY,  Page  8 


^ a 


‘;*h 


mmm 


Sam  Karian/Rculen 


CAUGHT  UP  A TREE  —London  pofice  removing  8 protester  on  Tuesday  from  a 250-year-oJd  cbestanttreethatisduetobecot 
down  to  make  room  f or  a new  highway.  The  police  officers  bnw^tt  in  a hy ® “«*  ptad^  *e  proteste  off 


Dow  Jones 


Trib  Index: 


il  qs=b:^s  si 
V D‘v  ’s  s 


No.  34.455 

U.S.  and  EC 
Vow  a Final 
Push  to  Settle 
Trade  Pact 

2 Sides  Remain  at  Odds 
On  Films  and  Aircraft, 
Kantor  ^Disappointed' 

By  Tom  Buerkle 

International  HiraM  Trthurw 

BRUSSELS  — The  United  States  and  the 
European  Community  agreed  on  Tuesday  to 
make  a last-ditch  push  for  a global  trade  agree- 
ment by  next  week's  deadline  despite  failing  to 
resolve  ibeir  differences  over  film  royalties  and 
aircraft  subsidies. 

The  U.S.  trade  representative.  Mickey  Kan- 
tor, said  he  was  “disappointed  but  not  discour- 
aged whatsoever*'  after  a marathon  22-hour 
negotiating  session  with  the  EC  trade  commis- 
sioner, Sir  Leon  Briitan.  ended  Tuesday  morn- 
ing without  a complete  settlement  of  ill  U.S.- 
EC  trade  disputes. 

Mr.  Kantor  indicated  that  he  would  bargain 
hard  for  European  concessions  on  films  and 
aircraft  right  down  to  next  Wednesday’s  dead- 
line for  reaching  a global  trade  settlement. 

“No  Uruguay  Round  will  be  finished  unless 
these  issues  are  resolved,”  he  said,  referring  to 
the  seven-year-old  round  of  global  trade  talks. 

But  both  he  and  Sir  Leon  claimed  major 
progress  on  most  other  issues,  including  big 
tariff  reductions  on  industrial  goods  and  a draft 
farm  accord  that  even  France  welcomed.  And 
the  two  men  went  directly  to  Geneva  to  sell  the 
results  of  their  talks  to  tbe  other  103  member 
nations  of  the  General  Agreement  on  Tariffs 
and  Trade. 

“We  have  made  so  much  progress,  there  is  so 
much  at  slake  that  it  simply  can't  be  possible  to 
believe  that  a deal  of  this  magnitude  is  not 
gping  to  be  reached, ” Sir  Leon  said. 

In  Geneva,  Mr.  Kantor  said  the  eight  days 
remaining  were  enough  to  complete  the  GATT 
negotiations,  and  he  expressed  optimism  of 
resolving  the  disputes  with  Europe  over  films 
and  aircraft. 

“We  are  dose  enough  on  both  subjects  that 
with  goodwill  on  both  sides  we  could  reach  a 
solution.*'  he  said. 

The  talks  in  Geneva  have  been  stalled  for 
months  as  other  nations  waited  for  the  United 
States  and  Europe  to  resolve  their  numerous 
trade  disputes  and  come  up  with  a bilateral 
settlement  that  could  serve  as  the  basis  for  a 
global  deal. 

The  GATT  director-general  Peter  Suther- 
land, expressed  “confidence”  about  the  pros- 
pect for  reaching  a global  deal  after  hearing 
from  Mr.  Kantor  the  results  of  his  negotiations 
in  Brussels. 

“1  still  believe  the  coarse  of  concluding  the 
round  is  on  track,”  Mr.  Sutherland  said. 

But  Japan  cautioned  that  U.S.-EC  progress 
was  not  enough  and  wanted  that  a stiff  Ameri- 
can position  on  anti-dumping  rules  and  finan- 
cial services,  the  fatter  of  which  is  aimed  at 
wringing  concessions  from  Tokyo,  could  cause 
the  global  talks  to  break  down. 

“If  the  U.S.  persists  in  everything  it  has  put 
on  the  table,  yes,  it  can  be  a deal-breaker,”  said 
Koro  Bessho,  a Japanese  Foreign  Ministry  offi- 
cial after  a meeting  of  top  GATT  negotiators 
on  Tuesday  evening  in  Geneva. 

In  contrast  to  the  caution  from  Japan,  the 

See  GATT,  Page  17 

A Kay  of  Hope 
In  Germany 
For  Economy 

By  Brandon  Mitchener 

International  Herald  Tribune 

FRANKFURT  — Strong  gains  in  private 
consumption,  exports  and  capital  investment 
lifted  German  economic  growth  for  the  second 
quarter  in  a row,  the  government  reported 
Tuesday,  throwing  out  a glimmer  of  hope  that 
the  economy  has  begun  to  recover  from  its 
worst  recession  since  World  War  □. 

“There  is  a good  chance  the  recovery  will 
continue,  despite  the  familiar  problems,”  Eco- 
nomics Minister  Gttnter  Rexrodt  said. 

His  cautious  optimism,  shared  by  other  ob- 
servers, came  after  the  Federal  Statistics  Office 
reported  that  Germany's  gross  domestic  prod- 
uct bad  grown  0.5  percent  in  the  third  quarter, 
the  same  increase  as  in  tbe  second  three 
months. 

By  the  govern  mem’s  definition,  two  succes- 
sive quarters  of  economic  growth  mark  the  end 
of  recession. 

Many  independent  analysts,  however,  prefer 
a more  restrictive  measure  that  has  not  yet  been 
fulfilled:  two  successive  quarters  of  growth  in 
utilization  of  industrial  capacity. 

Herbert  Hax,  chairman  of  tbe  official  Coun- 
cil of  Economic  Advisers,  who  works  with  the 
latter  definition,  said  last  week  that  he  expected 
the  German  economy  to  stagnate  through  1 994 
and  not  begin  to  recover  until  1995. 

Economists  were  pleased  to  see  in  Tuesday's 
data  an  increase  in  both  equipment  and  con- 
struction investment  in  the  private  sector.  But 
government  and  private-sector  experts  agreed 
that  the  speed  of  (he  recovery,  ana  its  delayed 
effect  on  the  unemployment  crisis,  would  lave 
much  to  be  desired. 

New  job  creation  will  not  begin  before  the 
recovery  picks  up  considerable  speed  and  man- 
ufacturing production  picks  up,  Mr.  Rexrodt 
admitted.  The  Federal  Labor  Office  on  Frida 


r hi*  ■ f-i'iH  1 1 j ■ [l1  ■ l irJ 


ALGIERS  (AFP)  — A retired  Frenchman 
was  shoi  io  death  Tuesday  at  Larbaa,  a vil- 
lage south  of  the  Algerian  capital  security 
forces  announced. 

Ten  foreigners  have  been  killed  since  Sept 


21:  three  Frenchmen,  three  Russians,  three 
T-prin  Americans  and  a Spaniard. 

tel  amir  fimdgtnmtaHsts  fighting  the  gov- 
ernment said  all  foreigners  had  to  leave  the 
com  try  by  Doc.  2. 


lion  people  in  Western  Germany  and  1.15  mil- 
lion m Eastern  Germany. 

Industrial  production,  meanwhile,  appears  to 
lave  slowed  its  fan,  but  is  still  not  growing 

nmllnnl  ii  ■ . . . 


r~e— . — , mom  voiumeicr  oi 

inflation,  M3  money  supply,  expanded  at  a 6.9 
percent  ammafeed  rale  m October,  up  from  6i 

Sec  GERMANY,  Page  17 


T 

m 

lav. 

I 

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1 

Revolution  of  Sorts  Beckonsfor  Italy’s  Ex-  Communists  world  briefs 


By  Alan  Cowell 

A'mt  Ytr\  Tima  Service 

ROME  — Their  name  has  changed,  iheir  ideology 
has  died  and  no  one  is  talking  class  struggle  anymore. 
Yet.  after  almost  five  decades  in  the  anterooms  of 
power,  Italy's  onetime  Communists  seem  finally  to 
reckon  their  moment  has  come — too  late  to  storm  the 
barricades  but,  maybe,  just  in  lime  to  reap  the  ironic 
harvest  of  a different  revolution. 

Through  the  years  of  the  Cold  War,  Italy's  Commu- 
nists — the  most  powerful  in  Western  Europe — were 
kept  out  of  office  by  an  alliance  of  centrist  parties 
whose  cover  was  the  crusade  against  Moscow  and 
whose  reward  was  access  to  vast  and  illicit  patronage 
from  the  state  coffers. 

Now,  those  same  centrist  parties  — the  Christian 
Democrats,  the  Socialists  and  their  allies  — are  in 
disgrace  because  they  overdosed  on  the  pork  barrel. 
And  the  former  Communists,  denied  any  obvious 
chance  to  be  as  dishonest,  have  turned  their  enforced 
political  cleanliness  into  a vote  winner. 

In  mayoral  elections  last  weekend,  the  former  Com- 


munists and  their  aiiics  swept  the  five  biggest  canes  at 
issue  and  won  in  many  other  municipalities,  defeating 
both  neofascists  and  the  federalist  Northern  League. 

Moreover,  the  Christian  Democrats  and  their  allies, 
virtually  obliterated  by  the  corruption  scandal,  were 
barely  to  be  seen.  Many  analysts  took  the  vote  as  a 
harbinger  of  things  to  come  in  national  elections 
expected  m the  spring. 

It  was.  perhaps,  another  twist  of  fate  that  the  victory 
came  when,  and  partly  because.  Lhe  broader  ideologi- 
cal war  had  already  been  lost  on  the  battlegrounds  of 
the  Cold  War. 

“The  ideology  has  all  disappeared."  said  Pietro 
Folena.  a former  Communist  legislator  in  Sicily. 

That  much  was  evident  when  the  former  Commu- 
nist leader  Achille  Occhetto  announced  Monday  night 
that  his  priorities  in  government  would  be  to  continue 
economic  austerity,  pursue  plans  to  sell  off  state 
industries  to  private  buyers  and  thus  cut  back  the 
massive  public  debt,  policies  ibai  did  not  smack  of 
spendthrift  socialism. 

‘•Froni  the  political  point  of  view,  very  little  remains 


from  the  old  days,”  said  Salvatore  Veca,  a professor  of 
political  philosophy  at  the  University  of  Florence. 
"There’s  a complete  acceptance  of  the  role  of  the 
market-” 

In  1991.  after  the  fall  of  the  Berlin  Wall,  the  Com- 
munist Party  of  Italy  changed  its  name  to  the  Demo- 
cratic Party  "of  the  Left  and  shed  its  radical  wing,  now 
called  Communist  Refounding. 

For  the  former  Communists  this  means  that  there  is 
no  turning  back  to  lhe  class  struggles  of  lhe  past 

“This  is  a party  of  order  and  efficiency,  not  radical 
transformation,"  said  Professor  Gianni  Vattimoof  the 
University  of  Turin. 

The  view  is  not  universal 

“I.  like  many  others,  am  afraid  of  the  left,”  said 
Alessandra  Mussolini,  the  granddaughter  of  the  dicta- 
tor Benito  Mussolini,  who  lost  to  a former  Communist 
candidate  last  weekend  in  the  race  Tor  the  mayorship 
of  Naples. 

"The  left  instills  fear  in  those  who  care  about  the 
economy  and  the  future  of  Europe.  With  communism, 
there  is  no  Europe,  no  future."  she  said.  As  evidence  of 


such  fears,  rightist  politicians  point  to  the  strong 
showing  of  her  neofasdsi  party  in  Rome  and  Naples 
and  the  stranglehold  of  the  Northern  Lea gne  cm  parts 
of  northern  Italy. 

Moreover,  while  the  former  Communists  emerged 
as  victors,  they  did  not  win  alone,  securing  their 
dominance  only  by  forging  alliances  with  other  par- 
ties, notably  Greens  and  in  some  case  hard-line  cx- 
Communists  and  even,  in  Trieste,  Christian 
Democrats. 

It  is  partly  to  keep  the  “progressive  affiance  intact 
until  national  elections  that  the  former  Communists- 
are  laying  so  much  stress  on  their  repackaging  as 
responsible  candidates  for  govemment- 

When,  during  the  two-stage  mayoral  vote;  financial 
markets  took  a dive  on  news  of  former  Communist 
successes,  Mr.  Occhetto  went  out  of  his  way  to  calm 
them.  And,  when  the  extent  of  the  former  Communist 
victory  emerged  this  week,  the  markets  responded  in 
kind:  The  lira  firmed,  stocks  rose,  in  pan  because  the 
leftist  alliance  seemed  to  offer  a greater  chance  for 
stability  than  the  neofasdsi  alternative: 


Cold  Is  Beginning  to  Bite  in  the  Ex-Soviet  Union 


By  Margaret  Shapiro 

Washington  Post  Service 

MOSCOW  — In  Ukraine,  the 
government  shut  down  daytime 
television  broadcasts  last  week,  ex- 
tinguished "eternal"  flames  at  a 
large  regional  war  memorial  and 
announced  that  it  might  close  all 
schools  until  summer  because  it 
cannot  afford  to  heat  them. 

In  Georgia,  people  have  been 
standing  in  line  all  night  to  buy 
bread  at  one  of  the  few  bakery 
shops  still  functioning,  while  the 
military  has  been  seat  to  guard 
bakeries  from  riots. 

In  Belarus,  the  government  re- 
cently put  many  factories  on  an 
every-oiher-day  work  schedule. 

And  in  Russia,  one  of  the  world’s 
largest  energy  producers,  cities 
from  Kaliningrad  to  Khabarovsk 
are  shivering  because  they  have  not 
received  promised  oil  supplies  dur- 
ing one  of  the  coldest  autumns  in 
recent  memory. 

After  two  years  of  dire  but  often 
unfulfilled  warnings,  the  crisis 
spawned  by  the  breakup  of  the  So- 
viet Union  and  the  collapse  of  its 
centralized  economy  is  finally  hit- 
ting bard  many  parts  of  the  Com- 
monwealth of  Independent  States. 
Offices  are  cold,  factories  arc  bare- 
ly operating,  apartment  heat  is  sup- 
plied Fitfully  and  hot  water,  in 
many  cases,  does  not  exist. 

Life  in  Moscow  and  in  many- 
large  Russian  cities  remains  dose 
to  normal,  although  threatened 
strikes  by  workers  in  the  energy 
sector  have  left  many  people,  and 
their  leaders,  extremely  nervous. 
But  the  eudying  republics  are  suf- 
fering an  oil"  shock  more  traumatic 
than  the  one  the  West  endured  20 
years  ago.  when  the  Organization 
of  Petroleum  Exporting  Countries 
began  to  flex  its  muscles. 

Russian  Miners 
Defy  Union  Deal 

■ f 

Reuter. 

MOSCOW  — Miners  in  Russia's 
northern  Vorkuta  coal  field  struck 
for  a second  day  on  Tuesday,  defy- 
ing a deal  signed  by  their  represen- 
tatives and  the  government  in  Mos- 
cow the  night  before.  Miners  in  two 
other  major  coal  fields  bowed  to 
the  union's  decision  to  call  off  the 
strike. 

An  official  of  the  Vorkuta  strike 
committee  said  that  by  Tuesday- 
evening  12  out  or  13  pits  were  on 
strike,  demanding  that  the  govern- 
ment should  pay  (be  huge  sums 
that  industries  across  Russia  owe 
the  mines. 


»>i  *V; 


Vs  , v 

vwia)  Vdcagsm/Atcwc  Fnm^ftac 

ON  THE  BEACH  IN  SOCHI — A homeless  old  woman  with  her  belongings  on  a beach  in  Sods,  Russia,  after  fleeing  Abkhazia. 


Under  prodding  from  Western 
lending  agencies  and  its  own  eco- 
nomic'needs.  Russia  has  raised  the 
price  it  charges  Tor  oil  and  gas  to 
near  world  levels,  depriving  the 
other  former  Soviet  republics  of  the 
cheap,  subsidized  fuel  on  which 
their  economics  have  been  based 
for  decades.  It  has  also  slowed  or 
stopped  deliveries  to  countries,  like 
Ukraine,  that  have  failed  to  pay 
their  bilk 

Deputy  Prime  Minister  Alexan- 
der N.  Shokhin  recently  estimated 
dial  Commonwealth  countries  had 
rotlectively  run  up  a debt  of  several 
oillion  dollars  that  Russia  is  now- 
trying  to  recoup. 

"The  republics  are  faced  with  an 
enormous  price  shock  that  they  are 
having  difficulty  adjusting  to.”  said 
a Western  economist  based  in  Mos- 
cow. "Russia  is  essentially  deciding 
it  is  no  longer  going  to  be  the 
world's  biggest  aid  giver”  and  is 
starting  to  cm  off  those  who  do  not 
pay  their  bills.  In  some  cases,  the 
oil  subsidy  savings  totaled  20  per- 
cent of  a republic’s  total  economic 
output,  according  to  Western  esti- 
mates. 

Russia  drove  the  final  nail  into 
the  Soviet  economic  coffin  last 
summer  when  it  dumped  the  old 
Soviet  ruble  in  favor  of  a new  Rus- 


sian one.  forcing  nearly  all  the  re- 
publics to  counter  with  their  own 
currencies.  When  tenges,  drams, 
leus.  som-coupons  and  others  were 
unveiled  over  the  fast  few  monchs. 
the  republics  were  cut  ofr  from 
cheap  ruble  credits  as  well  as  from 
the  cheap  ruble-priced  oil  that  is 
still  available  to  Russian  consum- 
ers. 

The  oil  shock  is  compounded  by 
the  failure  of  most  republics'  gov- 
ernments to  adjust  to  new  econom- 
ic realities.  Some,  like  Georgia.  .Ar- 
menia and  Tajikistan,  are 
foundering  because  of  war  and  gen- 
eral lawlessness.  .Armenia,  under  a 
fuel  blockade  for  the  last  few  years 
from  neighbor  and  enemy  Azerbai- 
jan. is  entering  its  third  frigid,  dark 
winter  with  a five-eallon  can  of 
gasoline  costing  about  S25.  more 
than  20  times  the  minimum  month- 
ly salary.  In  Georgia,  people  are 
forced  to  light  apartments  with 
candles  because  the  government 
cannot  makegood  on  its  promise  to 


provide  everyone  with  six  hours  of 
electricity. 

Many  other  republics,  from 
Ukraine  and  Belarus  to  Uzbeki- 
stan. have  Tailed  to  adopt  long-term 
programs  to  deal  with  new  market 
realities  and  are  instead  getting  run 
over  by  them.  Western  economists 
in  Moscow  said. 

The  energy  shock  was  made  even 
tougher  by  the  unusually  cold  fall 
and  early  winter  in  much  of  the 
Former  Soviet  Union,  with  snow 
and  sub-freezing  temperatures  a 
month  or  more  ahead  of  schedule. 
In  Russia,  it  was  the  coldest  No- 
vember in  50  years,  according  to 
the  slate  weather  agency.  The  pre- 
vious two  years  have  been  unusual- 
ly warm,  which  has  softened  the 
effect  in  the  past  of  fuel  supply 
problems. 

As  a result  of  the  cold,  demand 
for  heating  oil  and  gas  has  shot  up 
at  a time  when  Russian  production 
of  both  continues  to  fall  because  of 
old  equipment  and  lack  of  new  in- 


vestment Russia’s  energy  minister 
said  this  week  that  Russian  refiner- 
ies and  power  plants  had  been 
burning  fuel  at  double  the  usual 
rate  and  that  as  a result  oil  and  gas 
exports,  already  dropping,  would 
have  to  be  cut  substantially. 

Already  the  effects  are  being  felL 
In  Kaliningrad,  the  Russian  ex- 
clave on  the  Baltic  coast  a local 
power  station  working  overtime  to 
keep  the  city  warm  ran  out  of  fuel 
recently,  leaving  thousands  shiver- 
ing at  home. 

Officials  in  one  Siberian  town 
gave  up  waiting  for  new  supplies 
and  doled  out  wood-burning  stoves 
and  a supply  of  logs  to  local  citi- 
zens. In  Bryansk,  a dry  southwest 
of  Moscow,  day-care  centers,  ele- 
mentary schools  and  apartments 
have  been  without  beat  for  weeks. 

“Arctic  cold  reigns  supreme.” 
the  Russian  weekly  Moscow  News 
wrote  in  a recent  report  on  the 
region. 


Arrest  Hits 
Party  in 
North  Italy 

Compiled  by  Our  Staff  From  Dispatches 

MILAN  — The  treasurer  of  the 
federalist  Northern  League  party, 
which  has  staged  to  prominence  as 
a result  of  anger  at  kickback  scan- 
dals, was  arreted  on  Tuesday  on 
suspicion  of  corruption.  Italian 
news  agencies  said. 

The  treasurer,  Alessandro  Pa- 
telli,  was  arrested  on  the  orders  of 
\filAn  magistrates  who  suspect  him 
of  breaking  the  law  on  the  financ- 
ing of  political  parties,  the  ANSA 
and  AGI  agencies  said. 

Breaking  the  law  on  party  fi- 
nancing has  been  the  main  charge 
against  fallen  former  leaders  of  toe 
nation’s  traditional  political  par- 
ties. 

No  further  details  were  immedi- 
ately available. 

Since  the  kickback  scandals 
erupted  21  months  ago,  the  North- 
ern League  has  become  arguably 
the  most  powerful  political  party  in 
Italy’s  rial  north. 

Assailing  corruption  in  Rome 
and  making  demands  for  a federal- 
ist state,  the  party  won  control  of 
Milan  in  local  elections  held  in 
June. 

But  it  then  failed  to  win  any  of 
the  three  major  northern  cities  — 
Genoa.  Trieste  and  Venice  — 
where  municipal  polls  were  held 
Sunday. 

The  scandal  also  brought  the  ar- 
rest Tuesday  of  another  leading  in- 
dustrialist. Mario  Schimbenn.  a 
former  chairman  of  Montedison 
SpA,  the  chemical  giant 

Mr.  Schimberoi,  70,  who  led  (he 
company  from  1980  to  1987,  was 
accused  of  diverting  about  500  bil- 
lion lire  (S300  million)  from  Mon- 
tedison into  an  unspecified  type  of 
account  in  Curasao,  in  (he  Nether- 
lands Antilles,  news  reports  said. 

H was  not  clear  what  then  hap- 
pened to  the  money. 

Mr.  Schimberoi,  who  headed  the 
state  railroad  system  after  leaving 
Montedison,  was  granted  house  ar- 
rest because  of  his  age.  reports  said. 

Raul  Gardini.  who  took  over 
from  Mr.  Schimberni  at  the  hdm  of 
Montedison,  committed  suicide  in 
July  after  reports  emerged  impli- 
cating him  in  corruption. 

(Reuters,  AP) 


Austrians  Close  In  on  Letter-Bomb  Terrorists 


the  architects  of  time 


CHRONOGRAPH 


FRANCE:  ARFAN.  PARIS  GERMANY:  ANDREAS  HUBER.  MUNCHEN 
tTAUE:  PISA.  MILANO 

SWITZERLAND:  LES  AMBASSADEURS.  ZURICH.  GENEVA 
LIECHTENSTEIN:  HUBER.  VADUZ 
UNITED  KINGDOM:  MAPPIN  & WEBB.  LONDON 
SAUDI  ARABIA:  AL-GHAZAU.  RIYADH 
JAPAN:  KANAYAMA.  TOKYO 
SINGAPORE:  BOUriOUE  EBEL.  RAFFLES  HOTEL 
TAIWAN:  BOUTIQUE  EBEL  REGENT  GALLERIA.  TAIPEI 
USA:  TOURNEAU.  NEW  YORK 


Reuters 

VIENNA  — Austria  said  Tues- 
day that  anti-terrorist  police  had 
received  promising  leads  on  rightist 
extremists  suspected  of  a leuer- 
bornb  campaign  and  were  satisfied 
they  were  looking  for  Austrian  na- 
tionals. 

A security  officer.  Michael  Sika, 
said  information  from  the  public 
had  poured  in  after  four  people 
linked  with  refugees  and  foreignere 
were  injured  in  letter-bomb  blasts. 


The  casualties  included  the  mayor 
of  Vienna.  Helmut  Zilk. 

Bomb  squad  officers  have  de- 
fused six  other  devices  since  the 
campaign  began  Friday  in  the 
worst  political  terror  against  Aus- 
trians since  World  War  D. 

“We  have  had  very  promising 
information  from  the  public,  ana 
we  are  narrowing  down  our  list  of 
suspects,”  Mr.  Sika  said. 

Police  searched  two  houses  in 


Vienna,  and  Interior  Minister 
Franz  Loeschnak  said  more  search- 
es would  follow.  “The  time  is  near- 
ly up  for  these  criminals.”  he  told 
reporters  after  a cabinet  meeting. 

He  said  it  was  unlikely  that  the 
attacks  were  linked  to  groups  from 
the  former  Yugoslavia  — Austria 
has  a border  with  the  former  Yugo- 
slav republic  of  Slovotia. 

Radio  and  television  interrupted 
their  broadcasts,  trams  stood  still 


and  workers  hud  aside  tools  for  a 
minute's  silence  at  II  A-M-  on 
Tuesday,  in  a demonstration 
against  political  violence. 

■ Letter  Bomb  in  Germany 

The  police  defused  a letter  bomb 
found  on  the  window  sill  of  a small- 
town East  German  bank,  Reuters 
reported  from  Dresden. 

Authorities  on  Tuesday  ruled 
out  any  connection  to  the  Austrian 
incidents. 


East  German  Spy  Assails  Gorbachev 

PARIS  (AFP)  - Marinis  Wolf,  the  Gomano^er  W who 

was  sentenced  on  Monday  to  six  years  m prison  for  treason, 

Mikhail  S.  Gorbachev  “betrayed”  Mr.  Wotf  and  te  men. 

In  an  interview  with  a French  weekly.  Mr.  -Wdf ' "Wlum  I fijd 
Germany,  just  before  unification.  I wrote  raice  to  Gorbachev  to  raseme 
question  of  the  future  of  my  men  in  East  Germany.  He  said  the 
“were  among  the  biggest  supporters  of  reform  as  engmeerea  o>  uw 
former  Soviet  leader.  . , ,u 

“I  never  got  any  answer."  Mr.  Wolf  said.  “Hfbetrayedus  outnghL  He 
said  that  when  Mr.  Gmbachev  was  questional  by  West  German  authori- 
ties on  what  io  do  with  East  German,  secret  service  agents,  be  reponeoiy 
told  them,  "It’s  your  business-” 

Honecker  to  Get  Pacemaker  Implant 

SANTIAGO  I AP)  — Doctors  attending  Erich  Honecker  said  that  dx- 
81-year-old  former  East  German  leader  has  a heart  problem  and  that  they 
planned  to  implant  a pacemaker  later  Tuesday.  . - 

Dr.  Pedro  Cubfllos,  medical  director  of  the  private  Chniea  Lnumies. 
said  the  decision  to  operate  on  Mr.  Honecker  W3S  made  by  several 
cardiologists.  Mr.  Honecker,  who  suffers  £ com  terminal  liver  cancerwas 
admitted  late  Sunday  after  he  lost  consciousness  several  times.  Doctors 
said  he  has  “a  syncopal  condition''  and  that  the  pacemaker  should  solve 

^iS^HoMcker'caaKtoOnie'm  Janaary  after  a Berlin  court,  citing  ius 
health,  stopped  his  trial  for  the  deaths  of  East  Germans  killed  trying  to 
escape  to  the  West  during  his  role. 

Greece  Scraps  Disputed  Press  Law 

ATHENS  (Reuters)  — Greece's  new  Sodalist-conurffied  parliament 
scrapped  a press  law  on  Tuesday  that  had  caused  the  fiercest  dispute  over 
censorship  since  the  country  was  ran  by  a ntiHtary  junta  from  1967  to 
1974. 

The  law,  passed  by  the  previous  conservative  government  in  December 
1990,  caDedfaijafl  terms  and  $500,000  fines  for  any  press  group  that 
published  statements  made  by  guerrilla  groups.  Seven  top  newspaper 
editors  wore  jailed  briefly  In  1991  for  defying  the  taw.  which  they 
described  as  unconstitutional  ?nd  an  effort  to  hmmIc  the  press. 

This  undemocratic  taw  brought  hardship  to  journalists  but  it  has 

finally  been  put  to  resL”  a Justice  Mmistry  official  said.  Deputies  frisn  aD 

parties,  including  the  conservative  New  Democracy  Party,  voted  to  repeal 
the  law  and  the  official  said  all  charges  pending  against  journalists  would 
be  dropped  Several  journalists  were  awaiting  trial  under  the  law. 

Philippine  Rebels  Free  American 

JOLO,  Philippines  (Reuters)  — A kidnapped  American  translator  of 
the  Bible  was  freed  on  Tuesday  from  captivity  by  Muslim  guerrillas  on 
the  southern  Philippine  island  of  Jok).  . . 

“1  am  emotionally  tired.  I want  tothank  God  for  his  mercy  m bringing 
about  my  release,”  said  Charles  Walton,  60,  after  Iris  captors  handed  him  ■ 
over  to  the  Libyan  ambassador.  Rajah  Abdutazzz  A zzarouq,  in  Patikul 
town.  Mr.  Walton  was  abducted  on  Nov.  14  from  his  home  an  Pangu- 

taran  Island  near  Jolo.  He  has  been  in  the  Pangutaran  area  for  20  years, 

translating  literature  and  the  Bible  into  the  local  dialect 
The  guerrillas  described  by  the  military  as  from  die  fundamentalist 
Abu  Sayyaf  group,  had  demanded  that  Islamic  diplomats  attend  his 
release.  Toe gnermtas had  demanded  the  withdrawal  of  foreign  Gurisuan 
missionaries  from  the  southern  islands,  a ban ion  fishing  by  foreign  vessels- 
and  restoration  of  the  Muslim  barter  trade  in  the  area. 

For  the  Record 

A member  of  the  extremist  Japan  Red  Army  was  sentenced  to  life 
imprisonment  on  Tuesday  in  Tokyo  for  mastenmndinft  two  hijackings  in 
the  1970s.  The  radical,  Osama  Maraoka,  43,  led  a Red  Army  gang  that 
seemed  the  release  of  six  colleagues  from  Japanesejafls  and  S6  million  in 

ransom  in  the  1977  hijacking  of  a Japan  Air  Lines  flight  in  Dhaka.  He  was 

found  guilty  of  masterminding  the  1973  hijacking  of  another  JAL 
jumbo  jet  with  four  Palestinian  gnnriBas.  (Reuters) 


TRAVEL  UPDATE 

Strikes  to  Halt  Sweden’s  Air  Traffic 

STOCKHOLM  (Reuters)  — Almost  all  Swedish  air  traffic  could  be 
paralyzed  by  a threatened  strike  and  possible  lockout  on  Dec.  13  and  20, 
Swedish  employers  said  Tuesday. 

Transport  workers  have  called  for  the  two  strikes  as  a means  erf 
achieving  a 3 percent  raise:  Employers  have  offered  ] percent  The 
employers  said  they  would  respond  with  a lockout. 

A strike  and  lockout  “would  ground  virtually  all  civilian  Swedish 
planes,”  said  Jonas  Beraunger,  a negotiator  for  anployeis.  Many  foreign 
airlines  would  also  be  affected,  he  added.  It  would  involve  about  5,000 
workers. 

A special  Concorde  ffigte  stand  the  wodd  to  celebrate  the  New  Year 
has  been  canceled  for  lack  of  reservations,  Air  France  and  the  travel 
agency  marketing  the  supersonic  trip  announced  Tuesday.  It  said  only  10 
people  expressed  interest  in  the  32-hour  trip^ which  would  have  cost  each 
passenger  149,000  francs  ($25,400).  (AFP) 

Part  of  one  of  the  three  Nigerian  bridges  linking  the  economic  capital 
on  Lagos  island  to  the  mainland  has  beat  dosed  to  traffic  after  a crack 
dozens  of  inches  long  appeared.  The  concrete  structure,  built  18  years 
agp,  straddles  Five  Cowrie  Creek,  a lagoon  between  Lagos  and  Victoria 
island.  Authorities  feared  it  would  collapse,  the  Nigerian  news  agency 
said.  (AFP) 

The  Charnel  Tinmei  wiB  cany  out  an  evacuation  drill  of  1,000  people 
from  a train  in  its  center  at  the  beginning  of  the  year  as  part  of  security 
tests  prior  toils  scheduled  spring  opening.  They  will  be  evacuated  from  a 
train  halted  in  one  of  the  outer  rail  tunnels  via  die  central  service  tunnel 
Also  on  (be  agenda  prior  to  opening  for  freight  traffic  in  March  are  tests 
of  the  ventilation  and  lire  detectors.  (AFP) 

Hong  Kong  aviation  officials  blamed  strong  crossvrinds  for  the  accident 
last  month  in  which  a Boeing  747-400  erf  T ahvan’s  China  Airlines  skidded 
off  the  runway  on  landing  and  plunged  into  Hong  Kong  harbor.  No  one 
was  injured  in  die  accident.  " (AFP)  £ 


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Neo-Nazis’  Hit  list  Alarms  Germans 


Reuters 

BONN  — Anti-racism  cam- 
paigners in  Germany  urged  the  po- 
lice on  Tuesday  to  protect  them 
against  possible  attack  after  an  un- 
derground rightist  magazine  pub- 
lished a hit  list  of  leftists’  names 
and  addresses. 

Alarmed  tpr  a wave  of  rightist 
letter  bombs  in  Austria,  people  tar- 
geted in  the  list  have  begun  taking 
self-protection  measures,  they  said. 

A senior  German  official  urged 


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the  media  cot  to  publish  the  names 
and  conceded  that  the  list  had  al- 
ready succeeded  in  intimidating 
some  anti-Nazi  campaigners. 

Bonn  security  officials  said  they 
had  no  hints  that  the  bombings  in 
Austria,  thought  to  be  the  work  of 
extreme  rightists  opposed  to  refu- 
gees and  immigrants,  would  spill 
over  into  Germany. 

“After  numerous  attacks  on  for- 
eigners’ flats  and  asyhim  seekers’ 
homes,  the  neofascists  are  widen- 
ing their  radius  of  terrorist  action,” 
said  the  Association  of  Anti-Fas- 
cists, a leftist  group  that  represents 
victims  of  rightist  crimes. 

“The  Association  of  Anti-Fas- 
cists calls  on  politicians  and  offi- 
cials to  stand  up  to  this  neofasdsi 
terror  and  protea  those  under 
threat,''  it  said  in  a statement 

Sixteen  people  and  groups  in  the 
Dortmuno  area,  named  in  the  list, 
mei  Monday  to  reaffirm  support 
for  foreigners  in  Germany  and  to 
discuss  local  self-defense  measures. 

Dortmund  was  the  scene  of  vio- 


lent dashes  on  Friday  when  leftists 
tried  to  block  rightists  from  hold- 
ing a rally. 

Groups  in  two  other  dries  said 
they  were  taking  similar  precau- 
tions. 

The  list,  in  a magazine  called  Der 
Hinblick  (Insight),  surfaced  last 
week  and  appeared  even  more 
threatening  after  10  letter  bombs 
were  sent  to  Austrians  who  support 
immigrant  and  refugee  causes. 

Herbert  Schnoor,  interior  minis- 
ter in  the  state  of  North  Rhine- 
Westphalia,  said  the  list's  main  aim 
was  to  intimidate  leftists. 

“Unfortunately  that  has  hap- 
pened.” be  said  after  hearing  a Ger- 
man Radio  interview  with  a man 
who  quit  anti-fascist  woik  when  his 
name  appeared  on  the  list 

*T  urgently  request  the  media  to 
avoid  publishing  names  at  all  costs 
and  not  show  these  people,”  Mr. 
Schnoor  told  the  radio. 

■ Diplomats  Voice  Concern 

The  dean  of  Bonn's  diplomatic 


corps,  in  unusually  pointed  publii 
criticism  on  Tuesday,  said  Genna 
n/s  friends  were  worried  by  right 
ist  attacks  against  foreigners,  Th< 
Associated  Press  reported  Iron 
Bonn. 

Archbishop  Lajos  Kada,  tin 
Vatican's  envoy  to  Germany,  spoki 
at  the  annual  holiday-season  rccep 
tion  for  the  ambassadors  at  Chan 
ceDor  Helmut  Kohl’s  residence  ii 
the  Schaumburg  Palace. 

“You'll  understand  that  we  ait 
deoily  concerned  about  the  safety 
of  foreign  citizens  in  your  land,' 
said  Archbishop  Kada,  69,  of  Hun- 
gary. “We  hope  and  wish  that  for 
signers  who  respect  your  tradition: 
and  laws  can  feel  at  hone  here.” 


Agrnae  Frmce-Preae 
LEIPZIG  — A World  War  U 
Soviet  military  cemetery  here  has 

been  desecrated  for  the  second  time 

in  recent  days,  the  police  said  Mon- 
day. 


Impmr.e  par  Offprint.  me  Je  I'Evangile.  750/S  Parts. 


» k-  STATESIDE / 


LNTERJVATtONAJ^ffl^ALD  TRIBUNE,  WEDNESDAY,  DECEMBER  8, 1993 

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that  -sirat 

Sf'V  >1c 

Ma'  Jo 
said  . 


3 

■» 


U-S.  Meveals  204  A -Tests  and  Its  Plutonium  Stockpile 

By  John  H.  Cushman  Jr  of  * A«m  nmnn  mlhm  aT n*— - — ■■  i 


By  John  H.  Cushman  Jj 

aoTfflff*  ^^utes  conducted 
thelSTtoSfi  ^“ounced  nudear  weapons  tests, 

all  ul  StdS’rLS?^  °Sf 3000111113  for  “*  r,f*  of 

many imE!??™' W5“d™»  about  twice* 

were  mS  C°ndHclcd  at  lhe  range  in  Nevada, 

SiKSL  S?  t0  escaped«eciionbY 

of  ^ resulted  in  acd- 
°f  ^amounts  of  radiation  into  the 

aSS^ffSP^1 “TO01' a^ordereddedassi- 

‘^tlOD  pf  nutans  of  documents  pertaining  to  the 

LSlr,dup  *■  ^ P85*  50ySlriod£ 

omW  ^ P*1  Ume4UM  how  “***  Plutonium  was 
££S?r  ^ some  details  of  how  much  of  the 
toatenal  is  sull  in  stockpiles  around  the  country. 

, secret  tests  did  not  violate  anv  laws  or  interna- 

S «Sp0,ftetin8  a&n*®ents  b«au«  they  were 
conducted  under  ground.  But  they  are  more  evidence 


of  a damaging  culture  of  secrecy  that  compromised 
safety  and  environmental  considerations,  officials 
said,  that  the  Energy  Department  is  now  trying  to 
combat. 

Although  some  researchers  who  have  been  pressing 
the  government  to  disclose  more  information  about 
the  nuclear  weapons  program  said  they  were  disap- 
pointed at  how  little  new  information  was  disclosed, 
the  Energy  Department,  which  manages  the  produc- 
tion of  nuclear  weapons,  said  the  disclosures  were  just 
the  first  step  in  an  effort  to  review  32  million  docu- 
ments for  possible  declassification. 

The  disclosures  could,  over  time,  produce  substan- 
tial insights  into  the  nuclear  weapons  program,  of 
value  to  historians,  arms  control  experts,  and  environ- 
mental groups  and  civilians  who  live  near  nuclear 
production  plants  and  are  concerned  over  the  health 
and  safety  effects  of  the  program,  which  has  left  a 
legacy  or  contamination  that  has  only  recently  ban 
fully  appreciated. 

Energy  Secretary  Hazel  R.  O'Leary,  who  is  to  visit 
Russia  this  month,  said  she  also  hoped  the  depart- 


ment’s increasing  openness  would  lead  other  nuclear 
powers  to  unveil  their  own  secrets  as  the  days  of  global 
nuclear  confrontation  recede. 

“We  were  shrouded  and  clouded  in  an  atmosphere 
of  secrecy,"  she  said,  at  a news  conference  where  the 
new  details  were  disclosed.  "And  I would  take  it  a step 
further:  I would  call  it  repression.'' 

In  one  indication  that  the  years  of  secrecy  have  left 
even  the  government  in  the  dark  about  some  of  its  own 
secrets,  she  said  that  the  figures  released  about  the 
amount  of  plutonium  might  be  revised  later. 

“As  we  progress  in  the  cleanup,  we  may  be  discover- 
ing more  plutonium,"  die  said.  *2Soyoucan  look  to  see 
these  figures  revised.” 

At  seven  of  its  plants,  existing  stockpiles  of  the 
bomb  materia]  amount  to  33-5  metric  tons,  far  more 
than  is  ever  likely  to  find  its  way  into  bombs.  At 
another  plant,  the  Pan  lex  plant  in  Texas,  plutonium 
stocks  are  still  to  be  used  for  weapons  and  the  stock- 
pile amount  was  not  disclosed 

Paul  Hmitz  of  the  International  Herald  Tribune 
reported  from  Washington; 


Mrs.  O'Leary  said  that  from  1945  to  1988,  the 
United  Slates  used  89  metric  tons  of  plutonium  in  its 
weapons  production  program.  The  Energy  Depart- 
ment is  now  grappling  with  the  problem  of  bow  to 
store  tons  of  plutonium  waste  that  will  remain  radio- 
active for  thousands  of  years.  1 :. 

The  numbers  are  of  tittle  consequence  outside  the 
scientific  community,  but.  they  could  be  used  to  better 
assess  health  and  environmental  threats  at  .U-S.  weap- 
. ons  production  plants. 

. In  addition.  Mrs.  O'Leary  said,  publishing  the  fig- 
ures “puts  us  honestly  out  front  as  a nation  willing  to 
share  and  hoping  that  the  other  nudear  nations  wflTdo 
the  same." 

As  part  of  its  disclosure,  the  Department  of  Energy 
said  it  was  declassifying  about  80  percent  of  its  docu- 
ments on  a decades-long  effort  to  produce  cheap 
dectridty  by  using  lasers  m the  production  of  nuclear 
fusion  energy,  an  effort  so  far  fruitless. 

The  release  of  data  on  the  U&  “laser  fusion”  effort 
will  cheer  American  scientists  who  have  long  worked 
in  secret  while  their  counterparts  in  Japan,  Russia  and 
Europe  freely  published  on  the  subject 


Genetic  screening: 
Dream?  Nightmare? 

Project  Stirs  Strong  Emotions 


By  Gina  Kolata 

'Vk  Yivi.  Tima  Service 

N EW  YORK  — In  an  am  bilious 
attempt  to  eliminate  common  re- 
cessive diseases  from  their  commu- 
nity. a group  of  Orthodox  Jews  in 
New  York  and  Israel  are  using  the 
most  advanced  molecular  technol- 
ogy to  screen  young  people  consid- 
ering marriage.  It  is  a project  that 
elicits  strong  emotions  from  geneti- 
cists and  ethicists.  Some  say  u is  the 
fruit  of  a new  genetic  era.  Others 
say  it  verges  on  a nightmare. 

The  leaders  oF  the  program, 
called  Dor  Yeshorim.  Hebrew  Tor 
“the  generation  or  the  righteous," 
say  that  it  can  serve  as  a model  for 
the  nation.  It  does  not  rely  on  pre- 
natal testing  because  abortions  ore 
generally  unacceptable  to  Ortho- 
dox Jews. 

Nor  does  it  advise  couples  to 
avoid  having  children  if  they  are  at 
risk  of  passing  on  inherited  disor- 
ders. Large  families  of  os  many  as 
12  children  are  greatly  desired  in 
this  community.  Instead,  the  goal  is 
to  discourage  marriage  or  even  dat- 
ing between  people  who  are  at  risk. 

Every  year.  Dor  Yeshorim  repre- 
sentatives go  to  the  private  high 
schools  where  many  Orthodox 
families  send  their  children  and  ex- 
plain to  the  teenagers  that  they  can 
have  a simple  blood  test  to  see  if 
they  cany  genes  for  any  of  three 
diseases,  Tay-Sachs,  cystic  fibrosis 
and  Gaucher’s  diseased  Those  test- 
ed are  given  a six-digit  identifica- 
tion number. 

If  a boy  and  girl  want  to  date,  or 
if  they  have  already  started  dating, 
they  are  encouraged  to  call  the  New 
York  Dor  Yeshorim  Central  Office 
with  their  identification  numbers. 

; They  are  then  told  either  that  the 
match  is  compatible  — that  they 
are  not  at  risk  of  having  children 
with  the  diseases  in  question  — or 
that  they  each  carry  a recessive 
gene  that  could  result  in  a child 
with  one  of  the  diseases.  Those  cou- 
ples are  invited  to  come  in  for  ge- 
netic counseling. 

The  project  is  run  out  of  offices 
in  Brooklyn  and  in  Jerusalem, 
where  directors  of  Dor  Yeshorim 
arrange  for  the  genetic  tests  at  five 
centers  in  the  United  Slates  and 
one  in  Israel.  The  tests  cost  S25 
each  and  arc  subsidized  by  funds 
from  the  Department  of  Health 
and  Human  Services  and  the  New 
York  State  Legislature,  as  well  as 
contributions  from  private  donors. 

Rabbi  Josef  Eksiein.  a Hasid 
who  ha>  directed  the  project  since 
j!s  start  in  !9S3.  said  S.000  young 
people  were  tested  last  year  for  the 
r-ecevsive  genes.  So  far."  at  least  67 
‘ couples  who  were  considering  mar- 
riage have  decided  against  it  after 
being  advised  of  their  risk. 

When  Dor  Yeshonm  began  a de- 
cade ago.  it  tested  for  just  one  dis- 
ojic.  Tav -Sachs  J degenerative 
r.raroogijjl  condition  that  is  fatal 
in  early  childhood.  A few  months 
ago.  the  group  began  testing  for 
vjs::c  i‘irro>is 

Dor  Yeshonnt  jiao  added  a test 
for  Gauche:* « di-^Oic.  a lipid-stor- 
age diua-c.  and  expects  to  begin 
screening  for  Canavan  disease,  a 
ncuMdcgenerative  disease 
Some  see  this  expansion  as  prob- 
lematic. "V-.  you  move  further  and 
further  away  from  an  unbeatable 
disease  in  which  no  one  survives  to 
cystic  ;ihro>i> or  Gaucher’s  disease. 

! find  the  application  much  more 
troubling  and  much  less  accept- 
able.” said  Mark  Siegler  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Chicago  School  of  Medi- 
cine. 

"It  runs  the  risk  of  becoming  :hc 
nightmare  of  the  Human  Genome 
Project."  he  added,  referring  ro  the 


federal  effort  to  map  every  one  of 
the  100,000  human  genes. 

Francis  S.  Collins,  director  of  the 
Center  for  Human  Genome  Re- 
search at  the  National  Institutes  of 
Health  in  Bethesda,  Maryland,  said 
parts  or  the  program  "sound  just 
fine. 

But,  Dr.  Collins  added,  when 
there  is  strong  pressure  within  a 
community  for  members  to  have 
genetic  tests  and  to  check  on  the 
genetic  profiles  of  whomever  they 
date,  all  individuals  within  that 
community  may  fed  that  they  must 
be  tested,  whether  thev  want  to  or 
noL 

"That  takes  away  the  sacred 
principle  of  autonomy,"  Dr.  Col- 
lins said.  And  as  more  and  more 
genes  are  added  to  the  list,  some 
people  wil]  run  the  risk  of  being 
genetic  wallflowers,  rejected  by  ev- 
ery suitor  because  of  the  recessive 
genes  they  carry. 

Opponents  also  point  out  that 
genetic  testing  is  full  of  complex- 
ities and  pitfalls.  Not  only  are  there 
laboratory  and  human  errors,  but 
there  are  often  enormous  uncer- 
tainties about  when  and  how  a ge- 
netic disease  might  manifest  itself. 
Many,  if  not  most,  diseases  have  a 
range  of  outcomes,  from  essentially 
no  effect  to  devastating  illness  and, 
sometimes,  death.  Should  you  de- 
cide not  to  marry  someone  when 
the  genetic  disease  in  question 
might  be  so  mild  that  it  would  nev- 
er be  noticed? 

“We  are  all  going  to  be  faced 
with  the  responsibility  of  having 
this  information  about  ourselves 
and  how  we  want  to  have  this  han- 
dled in  our  society,"  said  Frances 
Berkwits.  a genetics  counselor  for 
Dor  Yeshorim  and  the  Tay-Sachs 
Prevention  Program  at  Kingsbrook 
Medical  Center  in  Brooklyn. 

Rabbi  Eksiein  began  Dor  Ye- 
shorim a decade  ago  when  knowl- 
edge about  genes  was  not  as  sophis- 
ticated as  it  is  today.  He  and  his 
wife  saw  4 of  their  10  children  die 
of  Tay-Sachs  disease,  watch  in 
helplessly  as  baby  after  baby  deveL 
oped  normally  for  four  or  five 
months  before  beginning  to  weak- 
en. have  seizures  and  lose  muscle 
control.  The  child  would  become 
blind  and  paralyzed,  and  after  a 
few  years  would  die. 

At  first,  the  rabbi  said,  he  never 
spoke  about  his  Tay-Sachs  babies. 
“When  something  like  this  hap- 
pens, we  try  to  cover  it  up.”  he  said. 
Like  many  families  in  his  religious 
community,  he  said,  he  and  his  wife 
were  afraid  that  if  anyone  knew 
they  had  a sick  child,  no  one  would 
want  to  mam  the  healthy  ones. 

About  a year  and  a half  after  his 
fourth  child  died.  Rabbi  Eksiein 
said  he  realized  that  the  reason 
God  gave  him  lour  children  with 
Tay-Sachs  disease  was  so  that  he 
could  help  others  prevent  the  dis- 
ease m their  families.  He  began 
Dor  Yeshorim. 


ip  POLITICAL  NOTES* 


After  NAFTA,  Labor  Cute  Off  the  Democrats 

WASHINGTON  — In  the  aftermath  of  the  bitter  fight  over  the 
North  American'Ereo Trade  Agreement,  organized  labor  has  decid- 
ed to  cut  off  financial  support  to  Democratic  campaign  committees 
for  at  least  three  months. 

The  derision  made  by  legislative  and  political  directors  of  the  t 
AFL-CIO  unions  at  a meeting  last  week  and  confirmed  by  Rex ' 
Hardesty,  the  AFL-CIO  spokesman.  • 

“There  is  a decision  to  do  nothing  for  a while;"  he  said  at  least; 
until  the  AFL-GO  executive  council  members  have  a chance  to 
review  the  situation  at  their  Feb.  21  meeting.  Mr.  Hardesty  said  - 
The  cutoff  applies  to  the  Democratic  National  Committee  and  to  f' 
the  separate  committees  supporting  Senate.  House  and  gubernato- 
rial .candidates,  sources  said  Labor  is  normally  one  of  the  biggest,  if  j 
not  the  .biggest,  sources  of  funds  for  those  groups.  In  the  partial  “ 

- reporting  for  1993.  the  Federal  Election  Commission  said  unions 
had  given  51,059,700  to  the  three  major  Democratic  committees. 

- Several  sources  said  the  meeting  at  the  AFL-GO  headquarters 
showed  that  tempera  had  not  cooled  since  the  White  House  over- 
came determined  union  opposition  and  pushed  NAFTA  through  the  * 
House  on  Nov.  17.  The  Senate,  where  opponents  mounted  less  of.  an  J 
effort,  later  completed  approval  of  the  trade  pact. 

. "People  were  very  angry  at  the  couple  dozen  House  members  and 
the  two.  or  three  senators  who  broke  their  pledges  to  vote  against 
NAFTA,"  one  source  said.  “But  they  were  equally  angry  with 
President  Clinton  for  the  abuse  he  gave  us." 

Particularly  vexing,  people  who  attended  the  meeting  said  were-. 
Mr.  Clinton’s  comments  on  the  NBC  News  program  “Meet  the 
Press,"  10  days  before  the  vote,  that  organized  labor  was  using 
“roughshod  muscle-bound  tactics”  to  line  up  congressional  opposi- 
tion lo  NAFTA.  Thomas  Donahue,  AFL-CIO  secretary- treasurer.  J 
called  it  “a  cheap  shot"  at  the  time,  and  that  view  was  expressed  at 
last  week's  meeting. 

. One  union  official  complained  that  Mr.  Clinton  was  feeding  the 
stereotype  that  onion  leaders  were  “thugs,  real  Mafia  types." 

Another  argued  that  there  was  a “double  standard,"  noting  that 
when  homosexual  rights  sharply  criticized  Mr.  Clinton  for  changing  , . 
his  policy  cm  homosexuals  in  the  military,  “he  didn’t  attack  them  the  - 
way  be  attacked  us."  (WP)  ..j 


Surgeon  general  Backs  Legalization  of  Drugs 


Astrooaots  Jeffrey  A.  Hoffman,  at  left  on  sbattie  Mm,  and  Sto^Mnsgraveattadrag  a new  camera  Tuesday  to  (he  HubMcTelesc^It 

How  the  Shuttle  Astronauts  Are  Progressing 


The  Associated  Press 

A look  at  NASA s goals  for  the  Hubble  Space 
Telescope  repair  mission  and  the  status  of  each : 
MAIN  GOALS 

AcampBshed: 

• Replaced  two  of  three  pairs  of  gyroscope*, 
and  one  of  three  electrical  units  to  guide  them. 

• Replaced  four  fuse  plugs  for  Hubble's  sci- 
ence instruments. 

• Replaced  two  solar  panels.  The  40-foot 
( 1 3-meler)  electricity-generating  wings  provide 
Hubble  with  electrical  power.  The  old  ones 
shook  when  the  telescope  passed  in  and  out  of 
daylight.  One  was  also  found  to  be  warped. 


• Installed  an  updated  Wide  Held-Planetary 
Camera.  This  wedge-shaped  instrument  is  an 
improvement  over  the  original  and  «wumWm 
corrective  mirrors,  to  compensate  fortbe  flawin 
Hubble's  primary  mirror. 

• Replaced  me  of  two  quirky  magnetome- 
ters, which  measure  Earth's  magnetic  field  to 
guide  the  telescope. 

Remaining: 

• Install  another  set  of  corrective  optics.  This 
instrument,  about  the  shape  and  size  of  a phone 
booth,  contains  corrective  mirrors  for  three 
Hubble  instruments. 


• Replace  one  of  two  electronics  drive  units 
for  the  solar  panels. 

SECONDARY  GOALS - 
Acoompfisbed: 

• Replaced  four  gyroscope  fuse  plugs. 

• Replaced  a second  gyroscope  electrical 
umL 

• Replaced  the  second  magnetometer. 
Remaining: 

• Install  a new  co-processor  in  Hubble's 
computer  with  upgraded  memory. 

• Install  a switch  on  the  telescope’s  ultravio- 
let lieht  detector. 


WASHINGTON  — Surgeon  General  Joy  cel  vn  Elders  said  Tues- 
day that  the  legalization  of  illicit  drugs  “would  markedly  reduce  our 
crane  rale.” 

Dr.  Elders  raid  other  countries  had  decriminalized  drug  use  and 
had  reduced  their  crime  rates  without  increasing  the  use  of  narcotics. 
She  also  said  she  had  not  discussed  the  issue  with  President  Bill 
Clrnton  and  that  she  was  not  speaking  fortbe  Clinton  administra- 
txon.  She  made  the  remarks  in  response  to  questions  at  a National 
Press  Club  luncheon. 

“I  do  feel  we  would  markedly  reduce  our  crime  rate  if  drugs  were 
legalized,  said  Dr.  Elders,  the  former  Arkansas  health  commission- 
er. She  added  that  she  did  not  know  “all  of  the  ramifications  but  I 
certainly  think  it’s  worth  studying.  ' 

^ “We  need  to  do  studies  to  fmd  out  whether  legalization  makes  a 
duferepce,  said  Dr.  Elders,  who  devoted  her  speech  to  a call  for 
addressing  violence  as  a public  health  problem  rather  than  just  a 
criminal  justice  issue. 

“There  are  a lot  of  things  that  are  sensitive  sutnects.  and  just 
because  they’re  sensitive  subjects  does  not  mean  that  we  should 
ignore  them  when  they  are  destroying  the  very  fabric  of  our  coun- 
try, she  said. 

Mayor  Kurt  Schmoke  of  Baltimore  has  stirred  controversy  bv 
suggesting  that  heroin  be  legalized.  - 


Quote /Unquote  

Dr.  Joyoejyn  Elders,  the  U.S.  surgeon-general,  on  the  culture  of 

vS^StaleS:  “HcaSe mak *»«» buying thft  ' 
toy  gun  for  a child.  These  toy  guns  are  not  child’s  play.”  (APj 


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• The  Nark  man  convicted  of  beating  a white 
truck  driver  during  the  Los  Angeles  riots  last 
year  was  given  a maximum  10-vear  sentence 
cm  Tuesday.  Damian  Williams,"  20.  who  will 
receive  at  least  two  years’  credit  for  time 
served  since  his  arrest  in  the  beating  of  Regi- 
nald Denny,  hod  asked  for  probation.  But 
Judge  John  Ouderkirk  of  Superior  Court  told 
Mr.  Williams:  “It's  intolerable  in  this  society 
to  attack  and  maim  people  because  of  then 
race."  Before  announcing  the  sentence,  the 
judge  played  a videotape  of  the  riot  attacks  at 
Florence  and  Normandie  avenues  in  South 
Central  Los  Angeles  on  April  29.  1992,  in 
which  Mr.  Williams  was  involved.  The  riots 
followed  the  acquittal  of  four  white  police- 
men on  most  st  ale  charges  in  the  1991  bearine 
of  a black  motorist,  Rodnev  King.  Two  of  the 
four  were  later  convicted  of  federal  civil- 
rights  charges.  Mr.  Williams  was  convicted  of 
felony  mayhem  for  attacking  Mr.  Denny  and 


four  misdemeanor  assault  counts.  The  may- 
hem count  carried  a maximum  eight-year 
term:  each  misdemeanor  count,  six  months. 

• of  the  addicts  and  akofaofics  who 
collect  federal  disability  benefits  wind  up 
wing  the  money  to  buy  illicit  drugs  or  liquor. 
The  Social  Security  Administration  says 
72.137  drug  addicts  and  alcoholics  were  col- 
lecting  Supplemental  Security  Income  dis- 
ability benefits  in  September,  but  fewer  than 
one-third,  22.000,  were  in  treatment  for  ad- 
diction. As  a result,  some  addicts  on  the  SSI 
welfare  program  for  the  low-income  disabled 
and  elderly  may  be  spending  benefits  on 
liquor  or  drugs. 

• A woman  dying  of  cancer  paid  a neighbor 
3L.I0O  to  kill  her,  but  after  the  teenager  she 
hired  tried  to  strangle  her,  she  regained  con- 
sciousness and  called  him  back,  and  he  blud- 


geoned her  to  death,  according  to  prosecutors 
in  Summit,  Illinois.  Reggie  Williams  was 
charged  with  first  degree  murder  and  held  on 
5350,000  bond.  The  victim,  Susan  Potempa, 
50.  was  found  dead  in  her  home  on  Thanks- 
giving Day  while  her  husband  and  son  were 
out  of  town.  Officials  said  they  did  not  know 

why  the  woman  had  hired  the  teenager  to  kfll 

her  instead  of  taking  her  own  life. 

• A former  Roman  Cathofic  priest  who  sexu- 
ally assaulted  dozens  of  children  while  xrv- 
mg  as  a parish  priest  three  decades  ago,  has 
been  raitenced  to  18  to  20  years  in  prison. 
James  R.  Porter,  58,  was  tearful  as  he  was  led 
County  Superior  Court  in  New 
Bcoford,  Massachusetts,  to  begin  serving  a 
term  that  many  victims  complained  was  too 
jenient  in  light  of  his  sexual  crimes.  Mr. 
Porter  could  be  eligible  for  parole  in  six  years. 


TOPICS 

l .S.  Hopes  to  Break 
Bribe rv  Habit  Abroad 

The  Clinton  admin i-UuLum  is 
trying  to  flop  bribery  h;.  foreign 
companies-  that  :>  depriving  LT!S. 
concern*  of  husir.e-s  in  develop- 
ing countries.  The  Washington 
Post  reports.  Officials  say”  the 
State  Depanmen;  i>  asking' other 


countries  to  follow  the  American 
lead  in  outlawing  the  bribery  of  | 
foreign  officials.  j 

At  the  same  time,  the  Central  I 
Intelligence  Agency  is  stepping  : 
up  efforts  to  discover  “who  in  • 
foreign  countries  is  bribing  who 
else  in  order  to  get  contracts  that  J 
American  companies  are  losing,"  | 
according  ro  James  R.  Wootsev. 
the  CIA  director.  ’ : 

The  United  Slates  has  stood 
virtually  alone  for  years  in  trying 
io  stamp  out  the  worldwide  prat"-  ! 
nee  of  greasing  the  palms  or  local  1 
officials  in  order  to  get  business  f 
contracts.  Bribery  bv  Americans 


was  outlawed  bv  the  Foreign  Cor- 
rupt Practices  Act  or  1978. 

No  other  country  has  followed 
the  U.S.  lead,  and  many  Europe- 
an diplomats  and  businessmen 
have  ridiculed  the  United  Suites 
as  being  naive  on  the  subject.  But 
Secretary  of  State  Warren  M. 
Christopher  says  he  hopes  that 
public  outrage  over  briber;  scan- 
dals in  like  Japan  and  Itaiv  may- 
have  changed  people's  minds,  of- 
ficials sav. 

Short  Takes 

The  second-hand  smoke  from 
cigars  is  even  more  hazardous 


than  from  cigarettes  or  pipes.  In 
reply  to  a reader’s  query.  The 
New  York  Tunes  cited  a 1982 
study  by  the  U.5.  Environmental 
Protection  Agency  and  the  Naval 
Research  Laboratory.  "Pipes  are 
about  as  bad  as  cigarettes,"  the 
study  said,  “and  cigars  are  defi- 
nitely worse.  The  bigger  they  are. 
the  worse  they  arc.”  It  added:  “In 
terms  of  emissions  of  particles,  a 
cigar  was  worse  than  three  ciga- 
rettes. And  it  had  30  times  the 
carbon  monoxide  emissions  of 
one  cigarette." 

“The  Merritt  Parkway,"  a new- 
book  by  Bruce  Radde,  contrasts 


the  Merritt,  which  winds  scenical- 
ly  through  Connecticut,  with  the 
Pennsylvania  Turnpike,  which 
heedlessly  bulldozes  across  the 
landscape  These  were  the  prewar 
ancestors  of  today’s  multilane  in- 
terstate highways.  Nearly  all  have 
been  patterned  after  the  Pennsyl- 
vania model.  This,  writes  Jona- 
than Yardley  in  a Washington 
Post  review,  “should  come  as  no 
surprise  to  anyone  familiar  with 
the  American  penchant  for  ugli- 
ness." 


Arthur  Higbee 


CALLING  ON L FOREIGN  COUNTRY 
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Page  4 


WEDNESDAY,  DECEMBER  8,  1993 


* 


OPINION 


Hmlb 


INTERNATIONAL 


Sribunc 


PUBLISHED  WITH  THE  SEW  YORK  TIMES  AW  THE  WASHINGTON  POST 


Stop  Squabbling  and  Settle 


Trade  agreements  are  always  tough  to  ne- 
gotiate when  times  are  hard  and  unemploy- 
ment is  higjh.  The  enormously  ambitious  effort 
known  as  the  Uruguay  Round,  now  coming  to 
a make-or-break  decision  in  Brussels,  was  be- 
gun in  1986,  a year  of  solid  economic  growth 
and  optimism.  But  then  the  United  States  fed 
into  a recession  from  which  it  is  only  slowly 
recovering,  and  both  Western  Europe  and  Ja- 
pan are  now  deeply  sunk  in  recessions  of  their 
own.  No  wonder  the  progress  in  these  trade 
talks  has  been  slow  and  uncertain. 

Hopeful  noises  have  recently  been  coming 
from  Brussels,  where  trade  negotiators  for  the 
United  States  and  the  European  Union  (as  the 
Community  has  renamed  itself)  have  been  try- 
ing anxiously  to  push  each  other  to  an  agree- 
ment. They  have  said  they  would  succeed  soon. 
But  that  will  not  be  the  end  of  this  process. 

If  they  arrive  at  an  agreement,  the  Americans 
and  the  Europeans  win  next  have  to  sell  it  to  all 
the  other  governments  taking  part  in  these  talks 
— more  than  100  of  them  — and  then  go  on  to 
settle  a half-dozen  other  major  issues.  All  that 
has  to  be  done  by  Dec.  IS.  If  that  deadline  is 
met,  each  government  wQJ  have  to  ratify  the 
result  In  the  case  of  the  United  States,  it  will 
require  Congress  to  pass  legislation  and,  as  in 


the  case  of  the  North  American  Free  Trade 
Agreement  last  month,  that  will  not  be  ample. 

The  purpose  of  trade  agreements  is  to  make 
countries  richer  by  increasing  the  competition 
among  them.  But  in  recessions,  doubts  rise  in 
every  country  about  its  ability  to  compete, 
and  anxiety  about  jobs  is  fierce.  In  the  current 
arm  wrestling  between  Americans  and  Euro- 
peans in  Brussels,  the  French  have  been  most 
conspicuous  in  dragging  their  feet.  It  is  not 
irrelevant  that  the  unemployment  rate  in 
France  is  now  12  percent,  nearly  twice  the  rate 
in  the  United  States, 

And  yet,  after  taking  full  account  of  all  the 
difficulties  and  all  the  hazards,  it  is  necessary 
to  say  one  more  thing:  The  Uruguay  Round 
has  to  be  brought  to  a useful  conclusion.  It 
cannot  be  allowed  to  fail. 

The  basic  argument  for  it  is  a simple  one. 
During  the  past  century  the  times  or  expand- 
ing trade  have  meant  increasing  prosperity  for 
most  of  the  world,  and  the  times  of  stagnant  or 
contracting  trade  have  been  disastrous.  That  is 
why  the  quarreling  in  Brussels,  which  has  gone 
on  longer  than  it  should,  now  needs  urgently  to 
be  brought  to  a conclusion  on  which  the  next 
world  trade  agreement  can  be  built. 

— THE  WASHINGTON  POST. 


RIGHT  ALONG  HERE 
SOMEWHERE,  SI^. 


For  India, 
Fracture 
And  Flux: 


V T 


By  S»  Nihal  Singh 


NEW DELHI  — Prime  Minister 
P.  V.  Narsimha  Rao  and  his 
rating  Congress  Party  have  strength-' 
eared  their  position  after  voters  in 
fear  of  the  Eve  northern  stares  re- 
buffed the  rightist  Bharatiya  Janata 
jr»  or! 

rhongh  power  in  New  Delhi  was- 
not  immediately  at  stake;  local  eteo- 
tiem  in  one-dare  of  the  country  were 
gem  as  a referendum  on  the  chances  - 
ofthe  BJFs  Hindu  nationalist  leader- 
ship coming  to  power  in  die  next 
1 elections— and  as  a gauge  of 


the 


Try  This  on  North  Korea  East  Europeans,  Too,  Should  Go  Away  to  School 


A US.  intelligence  estimate  predicts  that 
diplomatic  efforts  will  fail  to  coax  North 
Korea  into  allowing  international  inspectors 
into  its  nudear  sites.  But  there  is  no  way  of 
knowing  without  giving  diplomacy  a chance. 

Last  Friday.  Pyongyang  said  it  would  open 
several  of  its  nuclear  sites  to  inspection,  but 
not  its  reactor,  reprocessing  plant  and  waste 
sites  at  Yongbyon.  Access  to  the  Yongbyon 
sites  would  depend  on  negotiating  a package 
deal  with  the  United  States. 

Before  resorting  to  tougher  measures,  the 
United  States  could  offer  an  equitable  deal 
aimed  at  heading  off  a confrontation  caused 
by  North  Korea's  threat  to  withdraw  from  the 
Nuclear  Nonproliferation  Treaty.  That  would 
be  in  America’s  and  its  allies'  best  interests. 

Before  its  overture  on  Friday.  North  Ko- 
rea had  been  willing  to  allow  the  Interna- 
tional Atomic  Energy  Agency  to  check  the 
seals  and  replace  the  film  in  cameras  moni- 
toring its  nuclear  sites.  These  measures  are 
designed  to  safeguard  nuclear  fuel  from  be- 
ing diverted  to  bomb-making.  But  it  had 
refused  to  allow  full  inspections  of  those 
sites,  the  best  way  to  prevent  diversion. 

Now,  however,"  Pyongyang  is  prepared  to 
open  several  sites  unilaterally  and  then  nego- 
tiate access  to  the  Yongbyon  sites.  In  the 
words  of  North  Korea's  Atomic  Energy  Mmis- 
. “the  routine  and  ad  hoc  inspections  . . . 
be  resolved  one  by  one  if  further  high-level 


a 


talks  will  make  progress  and  if  further  consul- 
tations with  the  agency  will  be  held.” 

The  present  U.S.  position  is  that  before 
high-level  talks  resume,  the  North  must  first 
allow  IAEA  access  to  its  nuclear  sites  and 
begin  bilateral  talks  with  South  Korea.  North 
Korea  does  not  want  to  move  first.  Instead  it 
hopes  to  negotiate  a package  deal  involving 
simultaneous  concessions. 

How  might  such  a deal  unfold?  First,  jusL  as 
IAEA  inspectors  are  visiting  the  reactor  at 
Yongbyon,  North-South  and  high-level  U.S.- 
North  "Korean  negotiators  would  meet.  The 
United  States  and  South  Korea  would  inform 
the  North  of  cancellation  of  their  Team  Spirit 
military  exercises.  The  United  States  could 
then  propose  a broader  package  deal. 

In  return  for  full  access  to  all  sites,  and  an 
end  to  North  Korea's  missile  sales,  it  could 
offer  diplomatic  recognition,  reassurance  on 
U.S.  nuclear  arms,  a light-water  reactor  for 
the  North  to  generate  nudear  power,  and 
negotiation  of  a peace  treaty  formally  ending 
the  Korean  War.  That  would  open  the  way  to 
Western  aid  and  investment  and  a lowering 
of  barriers  to  trade. 

North  Korea  could  be  stalling.  Or  it  may 
genuinely  wish  to  trade  away  its  nuclear 
program  for  other  benefits.  The  only  way  to 
find  out  is  to  probe  diplomatically  — by 
offering  an  enticing  deal 

— THE  NEW  YORK  TIMES. 


Post-Communists  in  Italy 


In  municipal  elections  on  Sunday,  voters  in 
five  major  Italian  does  chose  the  more  moder- 
ate alternative — the  candidates  backed  by  tbe 
former  Communist  Party,  now-  known  as  tbe 
Democratic  Party  of  the  Left.  The  former 
Communists  plausibly,  though  paradoxically, 
offer  themselves  as  the  strongest  remaining 
champion  of  a unified.  democratic  and  Europe- 
an-oriented Italy  in  the  months  leading  up  to 
next  year's  national  parliamentary  elections. 

With  the  scandal-ridden  centrist  parties 
eliminated  in  first-round  voting  two  weeks  ago, 
coalition  candidates  backed  by  tbe  former 
Communists  stood  head-to-head  against  neo- 
fascists  in  Rome  and  Naples  and  regional  sepa- 
ratists in  Genoa,  Venice  and  Trieste.  Although 
the  rightists  and  regjooalists  emerged  as  the 
largest  parties  in  thdr  respective  strongholds, 
tbe  left  coalitions  captured  the  mayors’  jobs. 

Italy’s  Communists  were  among  the  first 
anywhere  to  proclaim  their  full  acceptance  of 
parliamentary  democracy.  They  have  long  held 
power  at  local  and  regional  levels  and  their 
nationwide  vote  of  between  20  and  30  percent 
made  them  a kind  of  silent  partner  in  several 
national  governments.  What  is  different  now 
is  that  the  seismic  corruption  scandals  of  tbe 
past  few  years  have  shattered  all  their  main 
national  competitors.  That  leaves  the  former 
Communists,  at  least  for  now,  as  the  main 


standard-bearer  against  the  radical  right. 

For  years.  Washington  actively  promoted 
Italy's  Christian  Democratic  and  Socialist 
parties  and  their  smaller  centrist  allies  as  a 
strategic  bulwark  against  the  largest  Commu- 
nist Party  in  the  West.  On  its  own  Cold  War 
terms,  American  policy  succeeded.  Italy  re- 
mained a member  of  NATO  and  enjoyed 
decades  of  impressive  economic  growth.  But 
Italians  paid  a price.  Payoffs  inflated  the  cost 
of  local  government  and  paralyzed  the  admin- 
istration of  impartial  justice.  And  the  centrist 
coalition  became  entrenched  as  a permanent 
government,  stifling  any  realistic  possibility 
of  healthy  democratic  renewal. 

The  collapse  of  Soviet  power  theoretically 
opened  the  possibility  of  change.  But  it  took, 
tbe  prosecution  of  top  Christian  Democratic 
and  Socialist  leaders  and  their  business  allies 
to  smash  the  existing  political  system. 

The  posi-Cotnmunists,  as  the  only  major 
national  party  not  deeply  implicated  in  the 
scandals,  were  one  beneficiary.  So  were  the 
previously  marginal  neofascists  of  the  Italian 
Social  Movement  and  the  regionalists  of  the 
recently  organized  Northern  League.  The 
democratic  credentials  of  all  three  arc  open  to 
suspicion.  But  the  post-Coaununists  have 
gone  furthest  to  dispel  tbe  doubts. 

— THE  NEW  YORK  TIMES. 


Other  Comment 


Russia’s  Czarist  Eagle  Is  Rack 


The  hammer  and  sickle,  the  world-recog- 
nized symbol  of  the  Soviet  Union,  has  now 
been  conrigned  to  the  same  historical  trash 
heap  as  the  stale  it  represented.  By  decree  of 
President  Boris  Yeltsin,  tbe  emblem  that  was 
once  omnipresent  across  the  vast  empire  is  to 
be  succeeded  by  the  once  equally  familiar  dou- 
ble-headed eagle  of  the  czarist  era.  The  eagle 
seal  one  head  Touting  east,  the  other  west,  is  to 
be  mounted  on  all  major  govern  mam  buildings 
by  Jan.  I.  Mr.  Yeltsin  intends  it  to  mark  the 
beginning  of  a new  era  in  Rusria’s  history. 
There  are  some,  however,  who  nervously  won- 
der how  far  the  return  to  traditions  might  go. 

The  two-headed  eagle  inescapably  remains  a 
symbol  of  autocracy,  of  the  claim  to  divinely 
sanctioned  absolute  rule.  Under  that  claim, 
Russians  and  non-Russians  brought  into  the 


empire  endured  long  generations  of  exploita- 
tion, repression  and  brutality.  Having  only 
lately  rid  themselves  of  (me  despotism,  Rus- 
sians are  now  going  to  find  themselves  remind- 
ed frequently  of  an  earlier  despotic  heritage. 

Sunday,  Russians  wQl  vote  in  the  first  free 
and  competitive  parliamentary  elections  in  73 
years.  They  will  also  vote  on  a new  100-page 
draft  constitution  that  few  of  them  are  likely  to 
have  seen.  Mr.  Yeltsin,  again  by  decree,  had 
originally  forbidden  any  of  the  13  parties  seek- 
ing in  the  new  legislature  to  criticize  the 
draft.  Now,  under  pressure  even  from  some  of 
his  supporters,  he  has  backed  off. 

That  is  a small  victory  for  open  debate.  It 
will  take  many  such  victories  before  Russians 
can  feel  they  have  truly  broken  free  of  the 
harsh  past  that  both  the  hammer  and  sickle 
and  the  two-headed  eagle  represented. 

—Los  Angeles  Times. 


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WASHINGTON  — The  World 
Bank  has  just  published  “The 
East  Asian  Economic  Miracle,”  a 
390-page  examination  of  economic 
growth  from  1965  to  1990  in  Japan, 
South  Korea,  Taiwan,  Hong  Kong, 
Indonesia,  Thailand,  Malaysia  and 
Singapore  — what  the  bank  calls  the 
high-performance  Asian  economies. 
These  economies  have  grown  more 
than  twice  as  fast  as  the  rest  of  Asia 
and  three  times  as  fast  as  Latin 
America.  In  trying  to  explain  this,  the 
authors  draw  some  useful  conclu- 
sions but  miss  an  important  one. 

And  this  trussing  conclusion  points 
to  some  urgent  lessons  about  the 
bank's  newest  challenge:  tbe  former 
Communist  countries  of  Europe. 

First,  the  authors  point  out  that  the 
leadership  in  the  Asian  countries  they 
studied  got  the  fundamentals  right: 
high  levels  of  domestic  savings,  ag- 
gressive investments  in  primary  and 
secondary  education,  good  macro- 
economic management  and  limited 
price  distortions. 

The  authors  admit  that  they  cannot 
explain  it  alL  The  factors  they  studied, 
run  through  a predictive  model,  point- 
ed to  growth  rates  dramatically  small- 
er than  those  dial  occurred,  leaving  an 
“unexplained  residual” 

The  explanation  may  be  found  in  a 
massive  transfer  of  skills  and  know- 
ledge which  the  report's  authors 
failed  to  examine:  Tens  of  thousands 
of  East  Asian  business  and  political 
leaders  have  attended  foreign  univer- 
sities, in  the  United  States  and  else- 
where, in  the  past  several  decades. 

A superficial  glance  at  tbe  business 
and  banking  communities  in  the 
Asian  countries  shows  many  foreign 
graduates  in  strategic  positions.  This 
is  also  true  for  governments.  For  ex- 
ample, the  prime  minister  of  Singa- 


By  James  M.  Montgomery 


grown  as  they  haw  without  this  criti- 
cal mass  of  foreign-educated  leaders. 

If  che  answer  is  “no,"  then  the 
lesson  for  the  East  European  coun- 
tries is  clear:  They  are  woefully  be- 
hind in  developing  tins  critical  type 
of  intellectual  capital,  and  if  they  do 


not  develop  it  they  w01  not  catch  up, 
ould  be  disastrous  far  aQ. 


which  wot 
The  numbers  are  not  encouraging. 
In  the  1991-92  academic  year,  the 
Asian  countries  in  the  study  had  more 
than  150,000  students  in  America 
alone.  The  former  Warsaw  Pact  coun- 
tries had  fewer  than  6,500.  Sutgjmore, 
with  3 million  people,  had  4,755  stu- 
dents in  America,  the  former  Soviet 
Union,  with  more  than  200  milHon 
peorie,  had  less  than  half  that  number. 

lire  problem  is  even  sharper  than 
the  raw  numbers  indicate,  since  in 
many  ways  the  East  Europeans  need 


the  intellectual  eapfart  (hat  foreign 
soufy  offers  even  more  then  the  Asians 
do.  The  latter  have  long  had  market 
economics,  bat  the  people  in  Europe’s 
new  democracies  arc  not  only  inexpe- 
rienced with  market  techniques  and 
practices  but,  more  important,  have 
not  begun  to  absorb  the  premises  and 

amtudes  behind  those  procedures. 

Tor  the  foreseeable  future,  atten- 
dance at  foreign  schools  will  offer  the 
East  European  countries  the  best  in- 
struction m techniques  and  the  op- 
portunity to  absorb  the  new  attitudes 
that  these  new  economies  must  have. 
As  history  has  shown,  many  of  the 
returning  students  will  be  leaders. 

Some  will  directly  strengthen  thdr 
countries’  schools  by  joining  facul- 
ties. Others  will  teach  by  example  in 
the  workplace.  All  wQl  hdp  tie  their 
economies  into  the  world  market 


Some  will  join  the  gnvgnnpw,tt  » mi 
those  who  do  not  will  support  the 
others  in  the  fundamentals. 

The  Wodd  Bank  has  not  been, 
alone  in  faffing  to  draw  the  1 


stratum 


It  the  idea  of 
people  toTUS.  schools. 
: to  Congress,  some  programs 
were  started,  and  now  Congress  and 
tire  Clinton  administration  appear 
mated  in  a determination  to  get  sig- 
nificant numbers  of  Russians  and 
others  into  U.SL  schools.  As  the 
World  Bank  starts  ha  own  flow  of 


hill 

state  of  Hrmacfial  moesn,  while  BJP 
won  control  Of  the  revived  local  as- 
sembly in  the  capful,  which  is  only 
of  symbolic  importance. 

The  BJFs  greatest  setback  was  m 
losing  Uttar  Pradesh,  the  most  popu- 

loos  Indian  state,  which  «xids  the  larg- 
est ntnyiher  of  members  to  the  lower  ‘ 
boose  of  ParfiameuL  The  BJP  had- 
pushed  its  profoogod  campaign  for  a 
fermfa  Tmtrfl  to  ft  frenzied  efimax  in 
Utlar  Pradesh,  culminating  in  tbe  de- 
moBtion  of  the  16th-century  Babtv 
masque  in  Ayodhya  last  December. 

Uttar  Pradesh,  home  of  the  Nch- 
rn-Gandhi  family,  has  been  the  tra- 
ditional source  of  power  at  the  na- 
tional level.  Congress  came  in  third 
there,  however,  fallowing  an  alliance 
of  caste-based  and  socialist  parties 
and  the  BJP. 

Amid  the  wave  of  communal  vio- 
lence that  followed  the  destruction  of 
the  Safari  mosque,  New  DeSri  had 
dismissed-  the  BSP  administration' 
and  imposed  direct  rale  over  Uttar’ 
Pradesh  and  the  other  northern 
stales.  Tbe  election  results  show 


that  the  BJFs  seemingly  inexorable. 

er  in  New  Delhi  has 


march  to  power 
beeadredmd. 


Congress  is  a tired  old  party  bat' 
'eenshort- 


wfll  want  to  apply  all  the  lessons  from 
East  Asia  in  setting  its  educational 
and  training  priorities. 


The  writer  is  director  of  internation- 
al affairs  for  the  Seagram  Company. 
He  contributed  this  comment  to  The 
Washington  Post 


Worried  East  Europeans  See  the  West  Overlooking  Them 

_ • tire  BJFs  ability  to  move  toward  the 


IT  MAY  seem  odd  to  a visitor  from  the  West  that 
serious  people  in  East  European  capitals  are  talking 


senous , 

about  “imperial”  dangers  posed  by  Moscow,  but  they  are. 
Respected  commentators  charge  on  radio  and  television 
that  Poland  is  the  victim  of  “another  Weston  betrayaL”  A 
front-page  headline  in  the  Polish  newspaper  Zyrie  Wan- 
zawy  proclaims  that  “Imperial  Russia  Is  Becoming  a Fact" 
Justified  or  not,  these  fears  reflect  a growing  East  Euro- 
pean perception  of  reality,  and  thus  constitute  a political 
Fact  or  life  that  the  West  should  take  with  equal  serioosness. 

Many  Poles,  including  top  foreign  poncy  experts,  see 
their  country  directly  menaced  by  a resurgent  and  nudear- 
armed  Russia,  and  they  are  afraid  that  unless  the  West 
intervenes  Poland  and  the  rest  of  Eastern  Europe  will  be 
drawn  once  more  into  Moscow’s  sphere  of  influence 
The  West  has  made  no  secret  of  its  intention  to  do 


nothing  — such  as  expanding  NATO  membership  east- 
ward — that  would  jeopardize  Boris  Yeltsin's  standing 
with  tbe  Russian  unwary  or  interfere  with  Defease  Minis- 
ter Pavel  Grachev’s  new  defensive  doctrine  and  his  feats 
that  Russia  is  being  encircled. 

Such  a Western  stand  on  security  matters,  combined 
with  reluctance  to  provide  meaningful  economic  aid  and 
Open  markets,  may  lead  to  acts  of  political  desperation  by 
East  European  governments  to  protect  themselves.  Strong- 
ly nationalistic  groups  could  reach  far  power,  with  extreme 
conservatives  ami  former  Communists  uniting.  triggering 
new  turmoil  and  jeopardizing  the  nascent  democracies. 

It  would  be  folly  for  tire  West  to  allow  history  to  take 
such  a course  just  four  years  after  tire  walls  bmli  by 
totalitarianism  came  crashing  down. 

— Tad  Souk,  commenting  in  the  Los  Angdes  Times. 


tort  have  been 

Is  recent  years,  the  BJP  has 
eaten  away  at  its  dominance  by  con- 
trasting its  religious  nature  to  Con- 
gress traditional  fintnlamm. 

The  BJFs  problem  remains  how  to" 
reconcile  its  concept  of  a Hindu  India 
with  tire  ethnic  and  rdjgious  mix  of 
the  country.  There  are  more  than  110 
millinn  Murifans  * pnpnbttnn  ww wv 
ing  900  nnffion,  as  wrflas 

and  Sikh  minorities! 

The 

tire  BJFs  ahjfity  to  move  toward  the 
center.  To  do  so,  it  would  have  to 
discipline  fanatical  dements  and 
hreak  wilh  demagogic  associations 
Eke  the  Yishwa  Hindu  Parishad 


i 


pore  is  a graduate  of  Williams  Col- 
lege, 


lege,  the  education  minister  went  to 
the  University  of  London,  and  the 
finance  minister  to  the  University  of 
California  at  Berkeley.  Thailand's  fi- 
nance minister  graduated  from  Har- 
vard and  Stanford,  and  his  father, 
one  of  Thailand’s  most  successful 
bankers,  graduated  from  the  Univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania  in  the  late  1 930s. 

In  the  1991-92  academic  year,  Ja- 
pan had  40,700  students  in  the  United 
States,  Taiwan  35,552,  Korea  25,719, 
Hang  Kong  13,191,  Thailand  7,685, 
Indonesia  10,251,  Malaysia  12,645 
and  Singapore  4,755.  Except  for  a 
small  decrease  for  Malaysia,  all  of 
these  numbers  represent  an  increase 
over  the  previous  year.  Figures  for 
schools  in  Canada  and  Western  Eu- 
rope wiD  probably  tdl  the  same  story. 

These  figures  represent  a continu- 
ing annual  investment  of  more  than 
55  billion  in  foreign  study  in  the 
United  States  alone.  This  is  too  large 
to  ignore  on  financial  or  intellectual 
grounds.  The  report’s  authors  point 
out  how  important  investments  in 

Kary  ana  secondary  education 
been.  But  the  entire  education 
picture  deserves  attention.  The  au- 
thors need  to  ask  if  those  high-perfor- 
mance Asian  economies  could  have 


They  Bless  a Statue  oi  a Mass  Murderer 


(World  Hmdti  Organization)  and  the 
paramilitary  BajiaogDaL 
- Lai  KxishaaAdvani,  the  BJP  presi- 
dent, is  as  astute  pditidan,  bat  hd 
has  often  adopted  extremist  postures 
for  electoral  profit  How  far  he  can 
lead  las  party  to  ameeded  realign- 
ment of  ptfioes  remains  to  be  seen. 

The  need  far  introspection  is  even 
greater  for  die  Congress  Party.  Judg- 
ing by  past  form,  x review  of  its  less 
ttog^OTioaspafofznancemthe.lat-  ^ 
est  efcctkmswiflbepeifimctory.  - p 

Congress  gained  strength  by  Mp- 


EW  ORLEANS  —On  Oct.  22, 


the  day  after  the  UJS.  Congress 
granted  Romania  most-favored  trade 
status,  a statue  of  Ion  AnUmescn  was 
erected  in  Slobozia,  near  Bucharest 
General  Antonescu,  the  fascist  dicta- 

sibleforiLe  deaths  of  atieast  25(!jSx> 
Jews  and  20,000  Gypsies. 

This  is  the  first  statue  of  a war 
criminal  from  Eastern  Europe  to  be 
erected  since  the  war. 

The  dedication  was  attended  by 
government  officials  including  MShai 
Ungheanu,  an  aide  to  former  Presi- 
dent Nicolae  Ceausescu  and  current- 


By  Andrei  Codrescn 


nipped  this  outrage  in  tbe  bud.  M r. 
Hiescu’s  own  father  was  an  inmate  in 


ly  secretary  of  state  for  culture,  and 
Comeliu  Vai 


ieliu  Vadim  Tudor,  a member  of 
parliament  who  is  a vicious  anti-Sem- 
ite. Other  statues  of  General  Antone- 
scu are  planned  in  several  cities. 

This  campaign  to  rehabilitate  a 
mass  murderer  has  unified  tbe  Jews 
still  in  Romania.  Anti-Semitic  attacks 
are  common  in  far-right  newspapers 
and  paxHamentaxy  speeches,  out  the 
Antonescu  monument  takes  the  tirua- 
tion  to  provocative  new  heights. 

The  extent  of  the  Romanian  Holo- 
caust. rivaling  Nazi  Germany’s  in 


savagery,  is  still  not  widely  known. 

Ratio  Ioanid,  director  of  the  Na- 
tional Registry  of  Jewish  Holocaust 
Survivors  at  the  Holocaust  Museum 
in  Washington,  has  studied  recently 
opened  archives  in  Romania  and 
concluded  that  the  dimensions  of  the 
tragedy  have  been  vastly  understated. 

Dunng  the  Ceausescu  r^me,  offi- 
cial policy  perpetuated  the  myth  that 
Romanian  fascism  was  more  benign 
than  elsewhere  and  that  most  Jews 
survived  the  war.  This  turns  out  to 
have  been  pore  disinformation  by 
Mr.  Ceansescu,  who  needed  the  old 
murderers  to  support  his  own  amal- 
gam of  national  socialism. 

The  money  to  erect  the  statue  of 
General  Antonescu  in  Slobozia  came 
from  police  officials  and  Iosif  Con- 
stantin Dragan,  an  fsnigrh  business- 
man and  former  member  of  tbe  fas- 
cist Iron  Guard. 

President  Ion  fliescu,  who  has 
made  public  speeches  condemning 
anti-Semitism,  could  easily  have  dis- 
missed the  Slobozia  police  chief  and 


tfor  the  Neighborhood  to  Which 


BANGKOK  — Want  some  light 
relief,  other  than  the  Briush 
royalty,  from  the  agonies  of  Bosnia, 
Gaza,  Somalia?  Try  the  dispute  rag- 
ing between  Prime  Ministers  Foul 
Keating  of  Australia  and  Mahathir 
bin  Mohamad  of  Malaysia. 

Neither  man  is  known  for  his 
reticence.  Mr.  Keating  is  capable  of 
verbal  vitriol  robust  even  by  Aus- 
tralian standards.  Mr.  Mahathir  ac- 
knowledged recently  that  some  of 
his  controversial  statements  are 
made  with  an  eye  to  getting  atten- 
tion for  Malaysia  on  the  world  stage. 

So  it  is  all  the  more  remarkable 
that  unstartlmg  remarks  by  Mr. 
Keating  have  led  to  a row  between 
tbe  two  governments.  Malaysia  has 
announced  that  it  is  downgrading 
relations  with  Australia.  Foreign 


By  Philip  Bo  wring 


ite 


Indeed,  it  is 
the 

le  nas  always  been 


that  he  is 


Minister  Abdullah  Ahmad  Badawi 
said  it  could  have  “far-reaching  con- 
sequences." Australian  firms  could 
lose  lucrative  contracts  in  Malaysia, 
including  a 52  billion  naval  deal. 
Alreadv  Australian  television  pro- 
grams have  been  banned. 

AU  this  because  Mr.  Keating  de- 
scribed Mr.  Mahathir’s  attitude  to 
the  Asia-Pacific  Economic  Coopera- 
tion group  as  “recalcitrant,”  and 
then  m a subsequent  letter  to  Mr. 
Mahathir  explained  tbe  context  of 
his  words  but  faded  to  apologize. 

It  is  hard  to  say  why  Mr.  Mahathir 
would  be  so  upset  with  the  word. 


of 

_ an  Aus- 
tralian initiative.  His  suspicions  were 
strengthened  this  year  when  the 
United  States,  which  had  long  been 
lukewarm  toward  APEC  decided  to 
make  it  a key  element  in  Asia  pdky. 
This  was  seen  by  Malaysia  as  a 
means  of  heading  off  its  own  idea  for 
an  all-Asian  group,  the  East  Arias 
Economic  Cooperation  forum,  as  a 
potential  counter  to  the  NAFTA 
and  European  Union  blocs. 

His  decision  not  to  go  to  Presi- 
dent Bill  Clinton's  Seattle  summit 
of  APEC  leaders  was  consistent 
and  unsurprising. 

But  if  Malaysia's  response  to 
"recalcitrant"  seems  extreme,  Mr. 
Mahathir  has  in  the  process  clever- 
ly provoked  Australia’s  neurosis 
about  its  relations  with  Asian 
countries.  Mr.  Keating,  whose  last 
election  platform  contained  much 
rhetoric  about  "joining  Aria,”  now 
finds  himself  under  attack  at  home 
for  banning  relations  with  Aria  by 
his  allegedly  loose  talk. 

Australia  in  fact  already  has  a 
higher  proportion  of  trade  with  its 
Asian  neighbors  than  they  do  with 
each  other.  But  in  thdr  confusion 


about  their  own  identity  as  a.  Euro- 
, on  the  edge  of  Aria, 
often  speak  as  though 
Aria  were  some  kmd  of  dub  for 
which  they  had  to  qualify  for  mem- 
bership. One  "blaacbalT  from  the 
likes  erf  a Mahathir  and  they  would 
not  be  able  to  join. 

At  times,  Australia  has  seemed  to 
lose  sight  of  its  national  interests  in 
pursuit  of  joining  an  “Asia"  whose 
own  identity  and  definition  vary 
from  country  to  country.  Malaysia 
has  played  on  Australians  weakness 
by  referring  to  treatment  of  aborigi- 
nes and  suggesting  that  Australians 
could  not  be  Asians  because  they  did 
not  “understand  Asian  sensitivities," 
as  if  Asian  leaders  were  always  scru- 
pulously polite  to  each  other. 

It  is  possible  to  see  in  all  this 
echoes  of  anti«domalism,  reaction 
against  Western  arrogance,  as  well 
as  East  Asian  confidence  in  the  re- 
gion's economic  success. 

But  in  reality,  nongovernmental 
relations  between  Australia  and 
Malaysia  are  dose  and  cordiaL 
The  danger  in  the  Keating-Ma- 
hathir  clash  may  be  that  it  will  be 
taken  too  seriously. 

Tbe  neighbors  have  been  amazed 
and  bemused  by  this  bizarre  saga. 
Ultimately,  as  a Thai  diplomat  put 
it,  there  is  only  one  sensible  and 
positive  reaction:  smile. 
International  Hendd  Tribune. 


one  of  General  Antoncscu’s  notori- 
ous prison  camps,  at  Thgu  Jin.  The 
president’s  failure  to  act  testifies  to 
the  power  of  the  extreme  right  wing 
in  Romania  today. 

£a  1991,  the  UJS.  Congress  passed 
a resolution  on  anti-Semitism  m Ro- 
mania that  tied  assistance,  especially 
most-favored-nation  status,  to  pro- 
gress in  “combating  anti-Semitism 
and  in  protecting  the  lights  and  safe- 
ty of  its  etinric minorities"  Romania 

is  thumbing  its  nose  at  American 
concerts  and  underscoring  tbe  grow- 
ing feeling  in  Eastern  Enrqsethatthe 
United  States  is  incapable  of  a firm 
paEcy  in  tbe  region. 

Despite  the  lick  of  urgency  in  the 
Clinton  adnamstrafian,  toe  revival  of 
fascism  in  Eastern  Europe  is  cause 
for  great  alarm. 

In  Croatia,  streets  are  being  re- 
named after  war  criminals.  This  year 
President  Fraqo  Tudjman  nominat- 
ed a framer  commander  from  the 
pro-Nazi  Ustashe  regime,  Ivo  Rqj- 
mca,  as  ambassador  to  Argentina. 
(Fallowing  protests,  he  withdrew  the 
nomination  without  apology.) 

In  Slovakia,  Prime  Minisua’  Vladi- 
mir Medar  has  predefined  that  Gyp- 
sies are  a danger  to  the  white  race. 

In  Russia,  nationalists  and  fascists 
are  vying  for  seats  in  parliament. 


ISWTand  then  providing  an  umbrella 
raider  which  many  tauendes  could 
ucstiCrBut  m the  tost  three  decades, 
tiie  party  has  suffered  from  splits 
engineered  by  hdini.GaBdbi  to  as- 
sert ha  control  Her  assassination, 
and  that  of  her  son  and  successor, 


• ofca  ] _ . _ 

During  his  two-year  hue,  fteri- 
deotNaiarimha  Rao  has  been  bold 


'family.  - 
ear  rule, 
ahasbea 
in  chj*ugfflg  economic  policy  but 
timid  in  resolving  contentious  pofiti- 


cal  problems.  Although  :a;ftaoit 
speaker  of  Hindi,  the  language  of 
the  North,  he  is  from  thr  South. 
Congress  lost  much  of- the -North 
to  the  BJP  and  other  parties  in  the 
last  general  election. 

Opposition  efforts  to  displace 


ft  had  too  tigtt  a hold  an  the  1 
coder.  The  BJFs  challenge  from  the 
right  has  been  laced  with  a strong 
Mpeal  to  zetigipus  seatiawnts.  Bui  as 
the  local  elections  proved,  there  are 
lmritstotite  success  of  extremist  posi- 
tions in  India’s  polity. 

The  recent  erections  helped  en- 
trench caste  as  a factor  in  electoral 
politics  in  the  North.  Caste  has  long 
been  accepted  as  a starting  point  in 
politics  in  the  South.  Tbe  remarkable 
Showing  Of  the  aTKanee 

the  lower  castes  and  a 1 
castohased  party  is  _ 
as  the  enfwmehwenvgnt  of  the  tradi- 


The  writer,  whose  fibn  “Road  Schol- 
ar^ was  released  tiasfaB,  is  author  of 
" The  Hole  in  the  Flag,"  about  she 
1989  ovaltaw  of  President  Nicolae 
Ceausescu  in  Rumania  He  contributed 
this  comment  to  The  New  York  Times. 


the  elevation  of  the  lower 
castes  in  tbe  political  hkzarcfry  is  to 
be  welc  omed,  the  new  dxvirions  along 
caste  lines  mean  a.  more  fractured 
polity.  For  India,  a farther  period  of 
political  transitian  lies  ahead. 

International  Rmdd  Tribune. 


EV  OUR  PAGES-.  100,  75  AND  50  YEARS  AGO 


1893.  llieWixmgBatde 

now  under  the  control  erf  the  Bd- 


into  the 
T>nda22 
1 was  of  a* 


LONDON  — The 
death  of  the  late  Pi 
bdd  yesterday  [Dec. 

painful  nature.  Mrs.  , 

that  the  deceased  had  beat  in  delicate 
health  fra  three  years,  “As  a rule 
there  were  two  bottles  near  the  bed,” 

.19®:  WedgelnMy  : 

sored  a tabiespoanfnl  of  tnHgrmria  v ALLIED  HEADQUARTT3UJ,  AL- 


. .......  - zone 

of  occupation  west  of  the  Rhine. 
Oeves,  near  the  Netherlands  frexo- 
ticr  and  the  Rhine,  is  to  be  formally 
occupied  to-day  or  to-morrow. . .. . 


I thought,  and  added  water.  "AH  he 
said  was:  ‘There  is  a curious  sweet 
taste.’  I said:  ‘John  I have  given- you. 
chloral.’  And  be  said:  ‘Yes,  you  poor, 
darting,  you  have  killed  your  Jcrnn.” 
Mrs.  Tyndall  here  broke  down  with 
intense  emothm.  ~- 


GIERS-—  [From  onr  New  Yodk  edi- 
ibbii 


1918:  Occupation  March 


PARIS  — The  second  stage  of  the 
occupation  of  the  Rhenish  pro*-, 
mces,  which  is  to  be  completed  tor 
night  (Den*  7],  is  proceeding  accord- 
ing to  the  schedule  of  the  forward 
march.  Tbe  town  of  Obetiassd. 


tion:]  Stabbing  their  way  onto 
heights  six  miles  southwest  of  MIg- 
nano  overlooking  the  flooded- Gan - 
ignano  Rbra,  United  States.  5th  army 
troop  have  driven  ad«p  wedge  into 
-toe  lntocaxe  web  of  fortifications  .of 
roe  German  winter  line  and  now 
noid  dominating  positions  in  a 
twenty-F 


_ __  area  com- 

mandinR  the  road  to  Rome.  Amen-  V 


•y 

Vi 


....  _ thdr. way 
ly  frawaM  against  a strongly 
•entrenched  -enemy  through  .mm, 
mud,  flooded  creeks,  mine  fields, 

and  barbed  wire  rmtanglemeiUs. 


k-v,-  4. 


INTERNATIONAL  HERALD  TRIBUNE,  WEDNESDAY,  DECEMBER  8, 1993 

O P I M I 0\ 


The  New  American  Terror: 
KjUing  Fields  in  the  Cities 


crue  1m 
jolt  Ifc 
E rw 

and‘  ir 

that  -strar- 
dei'-  !p]r 

Ma;  A 
said  : 
a r.  ,d 

a*  ;d4 

SCin 


By  A.  M.  Rosenthal 

N^^n^»"ThecitiesofAmcr-  Audio  get 

the  oeonle  whni-*61- miic^  they  arc  entii 

smane?JF?™??KIVe  « them  get  much  stop  coaming 
stand  ihaf^  ^ h?ve  10  under-  government  a 
dvil  cSh  ^ is  going  through  a state  officials 
hefnr^  11  ha*  never  strong  enougt 

A ^ d«ades  ago,  cowardly  eno 
Us,ng  guns  10  W11  tion  equipped 
loss.  HnwC  Was  0O!S>'  hut  no  great  Local  offic 
at:>ri  ^ose  da>s  die  sidewalks 

almost  pastoral.  the  Uiougbt 

-ffW"  •“**  expanded  their  Mayor-elect  1 
ndds  are  whole  tationandfui 
nagftbortwpds.  their  potenUal  targets  to  how  much 
CYcrvlhinff  m iHav  ru-  vr ■ - , 


~ neighborhood  control,  the  new 
American  terrorism. 

And  then,  the  people  of  the  cities  will 
have  to  put  away  their  handkerchiefs 

So  far  this  year,  342  Neuj 
Yorkers  hate  been  killed  by 
stray  bullets.  In  the  past  few 
days,  (wo  women  were  shol 
in  their  pregnant  bellies , 
one  while  she  was  handing 
overall  her  money — $2. 


when  they  think  about  gun  criminals. 
We  are  hot  dealing  with  misguided 
children  or  street  "leaders''  strutting 
their  mouths  on  television,  talking 
of  gang  summits. 

John  Ray.  a member  at  large  of  the 
District  of  Columbia  Council,  put  it  as 
plain  as  it  should  be  put.  "These  hood- 
lums aren't  looking  for  a job."  he  wrote 
in  The  Washington  Post.  “They  have  a 
job:  they  are  full-time,  swaggering 
criminals,  and  they  are  good  at  what 
they  do.  They  sell  drugs,  run  guns,  rob 
and  steal.  They  have  no  respect  for 
human  life  and  will  kill  you  with 
or  without  provocation." 

President  Bill  Clinton  told  black 
Americans  that  criminals  let  down  the 
values  of  the  civil  rights  movement. 
Mr.  Ray  says  that  even  to  make  the 
linkage*  pollutes  the  movement.  He 
asks  The  president  to  lay  off  such  senti- 
mental connections. 

Recognizing  gun  and  drug  gangsters 
for  the  kilters  they  are  does  not  prevent 
work  to  provide  jobs  and  education  for 
young  people  who  yearn  for  both. 

The  reverse:  Until  a clear  emotional 
and  political  line  is  drawn  between 
those  who  commit  themselves  to  en- 
deavor and  those  who  have  committed 
themselves  to  killing,  they  will  be  lump- 
ed together  by  Americans  who  live  out- 
side The  war  rones.  Already  that  is  the 
great  triumph  of  bigots  and  criminals 
— the  branding  of  all  minority  and 
poor  youngsters  as  dangerous. 


And  to  get  the  public  safety  to  which 
they  arc  entitled,  city  Americans  must 
stop  counting  primarily  on  the  federal 
government  and  turn  to  their  local  and 
state  officials.  The  gun  lobby  is  still 
strong  enough,  and  national  politicians 
cowardly  enough,  to  block  gun  legisla- 
tion eqmpped  with  a set  of  teeth. 

Local  officials  have  seen  entrails  on 
the  sidewalks,  and  their  souls  vomit  at 
the  thought  of  more.  In  New  York. 
Mayor-elect  Rudolph  Giuliani’s  repu- 
tation and  furore  are  totally  connected 
to  how  much  safer  he  can  make  New 
Yorkers  feel. 

Fair  enough.  Everybody  knows  may- 
ors cannot  stop  crime  by  themselves. 
But  Mr.  Giuliani  was  elected  because 
many  people  felt  that  he  would  fight  his 
New  York  heart  out  trying. 

He  has  started  well.' by  promising  to 
cordon  off  school  streets  from  criminals, 
accept  no  police  tolerance  of  crime  and 
arrest  the  street  peddlers  of  drugs,  with- 
out whom  the  drug  trade  could  not  exist: 
and  by  picking  his  own  police  commis- 
sioner. I hope  he  also  shows  the  inside 
of  police  stations  to  drug  buyers.  No 
buyers,  no  trade. 

Mr.  Giuliani  says  that  there  is  still 
plenty  of  prison  space.  Myself,  I tike  the 
idea  of  special  courts  and  sentences 
without  parole  for  anybody  who  uses  a 
gun  while  committing  a crime  or  even 
thinks  of  it  by  carrying  one. 

Special  gun  users'  prisons  would  be 
useful  even  if  they  have  to  be  a bit  more 
crowded,  if  necessary. 

Drug  therapy  should  be  mandatory 
for  all  criminals  with  any  record  of  drug 
use.  with  release  time  depending  on  suc- 
cessful completion. 

Mr.  Giuhani  will  meet  with  Mr.  Clin- 
ton on  Tuesday  and  suggest  legislation 
to  put  handguns  under  a kind  of  motor 
vehicle  law:  To  get  one  you  have  to 
register  it  and  pass  a user’s  test.  Nice. 
I love  iL  But  after  the  decadeiong 
struggle  over  the  mild  Brady  bill,  let's 
not  us  city  folk  hang  around  waiting, 
but  look  to  our  own  officials  and  laws, 
and  demand  more. 

So  far  this  year.  342  New  Yorkers 
have  been  killed  by  stray  bullets.  And 
in  the  past  few  days,  two  young  women 
were  snot  in  their  pregnant  bellies  — 
one  for  a jacket,  the  other  while  she  was 
handing  over  all  the  money  in  her 
purse,  two  dollars. 

So  Mr.  Giuliani  will  find  that  in  New 
York  City  there  are  not  many  handker- 
chiefs left  for  the  gun  killers. 

The  New  York  Times. 

Letters  intended  for  publication 
should  be  addressed  “ Letters  to  the 
Editor”  and  contain  the  writer's  sig- 
nature. name  and  full  address.  Let- 
ups should  be  brief  and  are  subject  to 
editing  We  cannot  be  responsible  for 
ihe  return  of  unsobdted  manuscripts. 


Hie  UN  and  Burma 

The  editorial  "Rangoon  Goes  Too 
Far"  (Dec  3)  made  the  disingenuous 
suggestion  that  Asian  countries  tike  Sin- 
gapore had  soughf  to  water  down  this 
year's  UN  resolution  on  Bunna.it  also 
accused  Western  countries  like  Britain, 
France  and  Sweden  of  quietly  bowing  to 
these  Asian  pressures.  This  is  a blatantly 
false  picture  of  the  situation. 

This  annual  resolution  on  Burma  was, 
as  usual,  drafted  and  coordinated  by 
Sweden.  After  several  rounds  of  consul- 
tations among  many  interested  coun- 
tries. consensus  was  reached  on  a tough 
and  hard-hiuing  resolution,  which  de- 
plored the  continued  violation  of  human 
rights  in  Burma  and  urged  the  govern- 
ment of  that  country  to  take  all  neces- 
sary steps  to  restore  democracy. 

Unfortunately,  the  United  States  de- 
cided not  to  be  part  of  this  consensus. 
Instead,  it  sought  to  undermine  the  con- 
sensus by  including  provisions  that  were 
not  acceptable  to  the  rest 

It  is  carious  that  the  editorial  parroted 
official  U-S.  views. 

CHEW  TAI  SOO. 
Permanent  Representative  of  Singapore 
to  the  United  Nations. 

New  York. 

A Mugger’s  Rich  Reward 

Regarding  the  summary  Nov.  30  oj 
US.  Supreme  Court  decisions,  and  Rich- 
ard Cohen's  comment.  “The  Court  Allows 
the  Thief  to  Make  Out  Like  a Bandit " 
(Opinion,  Dec.  3): 

You  report  that  the  justices  "left  intact 
a 543  million  award  won  by  a subway 
station  mugger  from  the  New  York  City 


LETTERS  TO  THE  EDITOR 

ority  after  he  was  shot  and  Olympic  Commercialism 

i!e  rrvine  In  ests ne  • *■ 


Transit  Authority  after  he  was  shot  and 
paralyzed  while  trying  to  escape.” 

Is  the  taxpayer  being  asked  to  com- 
pensate the  mugger  for  lost  mugging 
income?  How  manv  people,  muggers  or 
otherwise,  earn  54.3  million  in  their  life- 
times? What  is  the  point  of  awarding 
such  huge  benefits  to  people  who  are 
injured  while  committing  a crime? 

There  are  two  lessons  to  be  learned:  1) 
crime  pays;  and  2)  the  prolonged  study 
and  practice  of  law  may  be  hazardous  to 
one’s  common  sense. 

SANDRA  R.  WERTH. 

SL-Nom-la-Brettche,  France. 

Mr.  Cohen’s  comment  that  "something 
has  got  out  of  whack  in  America’s  crimi- 
nal justice  system"  is  totally  correct.  It 
would  be  interesting  to  know  what  part  of 
the  543  nnllioo  went  for  lawyers’  fees. 
That  might  indicate  where  the  problem 
with  the  criminal  justice  system  lies. 

HUGH  BISHOP. 

Jakarta. 

Above  AD,  Be  Patient 

I detect  a strain  of.  unrealistic  expecta- 
tions in  many  of  your  letters  and  editori- 
als on  the  formation  of  free-trade  blocs. 
Yet  I am  heartened  by  all  of.  these  move- 
ments. The  glass  is  not  half -empty  hut 
half-fulL.The  doomsayers  notwithstand- 
ing, there  has  been  at  least  halting  pro- 
gress on  all  fronts. 

Each  economic  movement  will  build 
more  upon  its  past  successes  than  on  its 
past  failures.  Each  will  be  advanced  by 
the  successes  of  the  other  blocs  more 
than  set  back  by  interim  failures  of  oth- 
ers. Above  all  we.mnst  be  patient  ■ 

• GERALD  D.  HARDY. 
Manchester,  Connecticut 


LOS  ANGELES  —Seven  years  ago  I 
/ saw  a warning  sign  outside  a small 

lan%  of  Malaysia — left  over  from  the 
hard  days  of  British  colonialism. 
It  showed  a stick  figure  running  away, 
with  another  figure  holding  a rifle 
in  firing  position. 

I never  saw  its  like  again  until  last 
weekend,  while  walking  in  my  nrighbor- 


MEANWfflLE 

hood.  On  the  gate  of  a house  on  Romany 
Drive  in  Pacific  Palisades,  there  was  a 
large  picture  of  a revolver  pointed  direct- 


ly at  anyone  approaching  the  house,  speech  to  producers  and  stars  able  to 
There  were  words  this  time:  “Never  Mind  Savon  to  $100,000  for  dinner  with,  the 

ihf*  TV**  Rnan>  nf  Ourwr*7'  t will  f, ii._j  mnrh  hp 


Regarding  ", For  Olympic  Chief,  a Mar- 
athon Mission  ” (Sports,  Nov.  4): 

George  Vecscy  calls  Juan  Antonio  Sa- 
maranch “the  most  important  sports  fig- 
ure in  the  world.”  Mr.  Samaranch  has 
completed  the  transformation  of  the 
Olympic  movement  from  one  of  ideal 
amateurism  to  one  of  pure  commercial- 
ism. The  Olympic  Games  are  up  for  sale 
to  the  highest  bidder,  and  the  people 
who  ultimately  foot  the  biB  arc  the  tax- 
payers in  the  bost  coon  tries — as  anyone 
m Norway  will  teHyou. 

NORMAN  SANDERS. 

Drammen,  Norway. 

Merely  Suburban 

Regarding  “ For  Sale:  Kitchen  Tips  by 
Duchess  of  Windsor"'  (Back  Page.  Nov. 
25)  by  Frank  J.  Prial: 

Gif -sur- Yvette,  less  than  25  kilome- 
ters (15  miles)  from  Notre  Dame  Cathe- 
dral, is  definitely  not  about  two  hours 
from  Paris,  unless  the  duchess  was  walk- 
ing home.  The  trip  mkw  less  than  an 
hour  by  car  or  commuter  train. 

The  village  is  also  known  for  the 
state  research  laboratories  located  there 
and  for  having  hosted  the  Henry  Kissin- 
ger-Le  Due  Tho  talks  that  helped  end 
the  Vietnam  War. 

PIERRE  LASZLO. 

SL  R6my-les-Chevrcuse.  France. 

Ibe  Way  We  live  Now 

Regarding  "A  Great  Crisis  of  the  Spir- 
it” (Nov.  J5)  by  Douglas  JehL 

President  Bill  Ctinton  has  identified 


the  Dog.  Beware  of  Owner!"  I win 
Three  doors  away,  someone  had  “The 
Gub"  — the  anti-car  .theft  device  that 
lories  onto  steering  wheels  — on  his 
Lexus.  This  is  on  a quiet  street  in  a 
pretty  good  neighborhood,  a few  blocks 


the  U.S.  epidemic  of  violence  as  some- 
thing that  “will  destroy  us:”  Yet.  most 
Americans  seem  to  be  in  a stale  of  denial 
over  the  problem  and  its  impact  ■ 

The  dangerous  way  Americans  live, 
accepting  the  fact  of  violence,  and  then 
altenng  their  lives  in  so  many  ways  until 
life  itself  seems  one  huge  exercise  in  stay- 
ing one  step  ahead  of  the  bullets,  is  an 
aberration.  Are  Americans  “cocooning" 
and  “borrowing"  to  stay  dose  to  their 
families  or  simply  to  stay  off  the  streets? 

In  Europe,  we  have  rediscovered  stim- 
ulating, human  cities,  the  wonder  of  safe 
streets,  thejoy  of  children  in  wide  open 


life:  We  don’t  bother  to  check  the  baric 
seat  of  the  car,  to  time  oar  return  before 
dark  or  to  think -twice  before  venturing 
out  for  a film  or  a concert.  Face  it:  The 
word  “freedom"  means  Hole  in  a coun- 
try where  citizens  have  no  liberty  from 
fear  of  being  shot  dead. 

Yes,  Italy  1ms  its  problems,  official ' 
corruption  and  overtaxation  bring  some 
of  the  worst.  Crime  is  up  here,  too,  with 
burglaries  »nd  purse-snatching  common 
enough.  But  bureaucrats  and  crooks 
take  only  money.  In  Italy,  we 
still  have  our  Kves- 

KATHLEEN  MAZZOCCO 
and  five  others. 

Milan. 

Sex,  to  Grant  or  Withhold 

Regarding  “ A Crudal  Role  in  the  Cit- 
ies for  Women,  the  Civilizers”  (Opinion, 
Nov.  30)  by  William  Raspberry: 

It  worked  for  Lysistrata,  didn’t  it? 

. SHARI  LESLIE  SEG  ALL 

Paris. 


s 3 ; 

-v  tr** 


By  Richard  Reeves 

n vears-aeo  I from  where  Ronald  Reagan  lived  before 
te  am  dectflJ 

verrromuie  nTosAnaeles’  This  is  the  town  Presi- 

SSttaS:  *£ “ “r 

tofaiSt  before  to  hold  a meetmg focused  on*' 
■ continuing  recession  in  California.  But 


aw  its  like  again  until  last  ^ TtaPnS 

tile  walking  in  my  neighbor-  the  next  day s Mee  of  a- 

■ - ‘ two  loo  stones  on  the  front  page  oi  ine 


two  top  stones  on  uie  front  page 
newspapers  that  came  thudding  onto  the 
driveways  of  Romany  Drive  were  these: 

“Clinton  Appeals  to  Hollywood  on 
Film,  TV  Violence.”  and  “Clinton  May 
Back  National  Gun  licensing."  _ 

The  first  reported  on  the  president  s 
sneech  to  producers  and  stars  able  to 


pay  Op  to  SlUU.UW  i or  amn«  wiuluk 
man.  He  talked  first  about  hew  much  he 
loves  movies  and  even  tbe  “mindless- 
ness"  of  television  as  a way  to  numb  the 
stress  of  his  job,  but  then  he  said  he 
wanted  to  talk  about  the  “collective -re- 
sponsibility” of  those,  including  himselL 
who  have  the  power  to  influence  others 
— particularly  young,  poor  people. 

nt  does  no  good,”  be  said,  "to  say. 
‘Writ  it's  freedom  of  speech  and  we  are 
not  responsible  for  bow  people  react  to 
it’  We  have  too  much  evidence  lo  know 
that  Ae  cumulative  impact  of  television 
and  other  communication  channels  over 
tune  with  regard  to  violence  of  all  kinds, 
we  know  what  it  does  . . . For  people 
liring  in  chaos,  it  is  a disaster.” 

And  people  living  on  Romany  Drive 
think  the  chaos  is  headed  their  way.  Some 
of  them  were  probably  in  the  president's 
audiences.  This  may  be  the  first  time  they 
have  actually  had  to  listen  to  someone 
confronting  them  with  the  impact  of  their 
lucrative  work.  Mr.  Clinton  deserves  a 
good  deal  of  credit  for  doing  so. 

Hollywood  floats  on  hypocrisy,  and 
np  until  now  movie  and  television  mak- 
ers have  been  able  to  tell  one  another 
that  their  work  has  no  effect  on  behav- 
ior. They  have  done  this  at  the  same  time 
as  they  have  been  idling  Coca-Cola  and 
Budweiser  and  everybody  else  that  they 
should  pay  to  have  thrir  products  shown 
in  movies  — because  a Hash  of  a six- 
pack  of  Sprite  will  make  people  buy 
more  of  the  stuff.  Meanwhile,  Holly- 
wood wives  and  children  have  kept  busy 
trying  to  persuade  thrir  husbands  and 
daddies  to  slip  environmentally  correct 
messages  into  movies  to  save  the  planet 

Then,  at  a meeting  with  editors  and 
executives  of  the  Times,  Mr.  Clinton 
said  be  was  ready  to  go  far  beyond  the 
Brady  bill  and  its  five-day  waiting  peri? 
ods  to  bay  guns  and  even  consider  feder- 
al licensing.  He  said  he  thinks  that  idea 
“really  has  some  merit"  . . 

Yes,  it  does.  Perhaps,  if  the  president 
keeps  up,  the  people  of  Romany  Drive 
□tight  be  trilling  to  keep  guns  out  of 
thrir  films  — and  not  need  them  to 
protect  themselves  against  the  people 
who  watch  those  films. 

& Universal  Press  Syndicate 


t*  1 

*h 

hi  UO 

Fi  the 


fs 


y* ge6 


"'i  8**- 

f ' 


Malaysians  Finning 
Over  Keating’s  Jab 

Kuala  Lumpur  Is  Determined 
; To  Get  an  Australian  Apology 


1 


Michael  Richardson 

ham ttomaiHauU  Tribune 

SINGAPORE — Prime  Minister 

Paul  Keating  of  Australia  has  a 


Esct 
toll 
Win 
H 
dish 
hev 
he  * 

iJS  • stan>  tongue,  which  he  frequently 
c , ’ on  political  opponents  at 
'■  t , "onie-  His  colorful  invective  is  ac- 
that  1 1 * although  some umes  criti- 
Is  " c'2e<^  to  the  rough-and-tumble  of 
rf*  .11  Australian  politics. 

said  ‘ n_.®ut  w*Kn  ^r-  Keating  called 
v™  ‘ Prune  Minister  Mahathir  bin  Mo- 
' ;l  ; hamad  of  Malaysia  "a  recalcitrant" 
. for  boycotting  last  month’s  meet- 
rift  ' *?Bot  of  ** 17  ntttobcre  of 
son  . . to?  Asia- Pacific  Economic  Coopei- 
for  : ' ■atlQn  forum-  it  hit  a sensitive  nerve 
~ : of  nationalism  in  Malaysia, 

tin  1 . Th®  Malaysian  cabinet  will  meet 

! in  Kuala  Lumpur  on  Saturday  to 
IT  • decide  how  the  government  should 
, ( respond,  after  a number  of  minis- 
, ten.  asserted  that  Mr.  Keating  had 
JL . * failed  to  show  he  was  sorry. 

"TT.  Some  Malaysian  officials  are 

w calling  for  tough  economic  sane- 

{ lions  against  Australia  and  a down- 
grading of  diplomatic  relations, 
fo;  ‘The  cabinet  decision  could  have 

fu.  far-reaching  effects  on  the  bilateral 

erw  relations  between  the  two  coun- 

m|  tries.''  Abdullah  Ahmad  Badawi. 

Gi  the  Malaysian  foreign  minister, 

p^a.  .warned. 

Analysis  said  that  while  Malay- 
sia appeared  to  be  overreacting. 
Mr.  Keating's  intemperate  com- 
ment had  enabled  Mr.  Mahathir  to 
rally  support  following  party  elec- 
tions in  which  he  was  reported  to 
have  lost  ground  to  younger  lead- 
ers. 

Clive  Kessler,  a professor  in  the 
Asian  studies  center  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  New  South  Wales  in  Sydney. 
iaid  the  incident  had  also  given  Mr. 
Mahathir  an  opportunity  to  divert 
attention  from  his  miscalculation 
vn  boycotting  the  forum  meeting,  a 
deciMon  that  left  Malaysia  virtually 
isolated  in  the  region. 

Eien  Malaysian  critics  and  op- 
ponents of  Mr.  Mahathir  — who 
has  offended  some  of  his  Asian 
neighbors  and  many  Western  na- 
tions with  his  own  abrasive  con- 
duct in  the  past  — have  rallied 
behind  him  on  this  occasion,  sug- 


gesting -that  Malaysian  national 
pride  is  at  stake. 

Musa  Hitam,  a former  deputy 
prime  minister  who  resigned  some 
years  ago  after  clashing  with  Mr. 
Mahathir,  said  that  Mr.  Keatings 
behavior  was  “quite  symptomatic 
of  how  insensitive  Australians  are” 
toward  Asia  as  iL  seeks  to  develop 
closer  economic,  political  and  secu- 
rity lies  with  the  region. 

Official  relations  between  Ma- 


NEWS  ANALYSIS 


laysia  and  Australia  have  deterio- 
rated sharply  in  recent  days. 

But  Australia  insisted  Tuesday 
that  there  was  nothing  more  it 
could  do  to  settle  the  dispute  fol- 
lowing a letter  sent  by  Mr.  Keating 
to  Mr.  Mahathir  last  week.  The  text 
has  not  been  published. 

Gareth  Evans,  Australia's  for- 
eign minister,  said  in  Parliament 
that  the  Malaysian  prime  minister 
had  been  told  that  no  offense  was 
intended. 

“We  can't  state  it  any  more 
clearly  than  that,”  he  added. 

Najib  Razak,  the  Malaysian  de- 
fense minister,  earlier  said  that  it 
might  end  all  arms  deals  with  Aus- 
tralia unless  Mr.  Keating  “explicit- 
ly showed  repentance." 

Such  a ban  would  predude  Aus- 
tralia from  winning  a contract  to 
build  27  offshore  patrol  vessels  for 
Malaysia. 

Malaysian  officials  said  that  the 
Australian  company  had  put  in  a 
strong  bid  for  the  contract,  which 
would  be  worth  about  SI.6  billion. 

Mr.  Najib  said  that  the  Five 
Power  Defease  Arrangements,  un- 
der which  the  armed  forces  of  Aus- 
tralia. Britain,  New  Zealand.  Ma- 
laysia and  Singapore  exercise 
together  regularly,  would  not  be 
affected  by  sanctions  against  Aus- 
tralia. 

He  said  that  these  arrangements 
were  “in  the  interest  of  the  whole 
region"  and  “cannot  be  compro- 
mised simply  because  we  have  bi- 
lateral problems." 


RED  STAR  OVER  CHINA  — A vista*  making  bis  nay  down  after  having  inspected 
Russian-built  B-I4  that  was  used  by  the  Chinese  leader  for  inspection  trips  in " 
flotilla  that  is  non  on  display  at  an  aviation  museum  near  “ ' ’ " 


Gn«ari»nvci 

one  of  Mao  Zedong's  favorite  airplanes,  a 
(he 1 1950s.  The  plane  is Jone  of  three  of  Mao’s  private 

oo  Dec  2 , 1893. 


Pro-Aninud  Campaign 
Sets  Sights  on  France 
And  Its  Foie  Gras  Trade 


Beijing  Raises  the  Stakes  on  Hong  Kong 


Compiled  by  Our  Sv&  From  Dispatches 

HONG  KONG  — China  will  start  discus- 
sions this  week  on  the  formation  of  a Hong 
Kong  legislature  in  1997  that  would  replace  any 
such  assembly  elected  under  a disputed  British 
plan  for  political  reform  in  the  colony,  a Beij- 
ing-appointed adviser  said  Tuesday. 

The  disclosure  by  the  adviser,  Professor  Lao 
Siu-kai,  is  seen  as  China's  first  concrete  coun- 
termove in  a showdown  with  Britain  over  plans 
for  broadening  democracy  in  Hong  Kong. 

Britain  has  sought  Chinese  assurances  that 
legislators  elected-  in  1995  can  serve  out  their 
four-year  terms  beyond  Hong  Kong's  transfer 
to  Chinese  sovereignty  in  1997. 

But  Professor  Lau  said  China  would  give 
such  an  assurance  only  if  Britain  and  China 
agreed  on  bow  the  1995  elections  would  be 
conducted.  “That  doesn’t  seem  very  likely  at 
the  moment."  be  said  in  a telephone  interview. 

Professor  Lau  said  a China-appointed  com- 
mittee to  which  he  belongs  would  meet  Thurs- 
day through  Saturday  in  Beijing  to  discuss  a 
new  legislature. 


A 17th  round  of  Chinese-British  talks  col- 
lapsed late  last  month  without  resolving  the 
dispute.  Beijing  has  so  far  left  unanswered 
Britain's  offer  for  an  18th  round  of  talks  focus- 
ing just  cm  Hong  Kong's  political  future. 

A separate  set  of  meetings,  involving  the 
Joint  Liaison  Group,  opened-  in  London  on 
Tuesday  as  scheduled.  The  liaison  group,  in- 
cluding Chinese  and  British  officials,  was  set  up 
to  ensure  a smooth  handover  in  1997  and  en- 
compasses issues  from  trade  and  air  traffic  to 
military  arrangements. 

Professor  Lau,  a sociologist  at  Hong  Kong's 
Chinese  University,  said  that  without  agree- 
ment, Hong  Kong  would  have  no  legislature  (or 
the  first  three  to  six  months  of  Chinese  rule, 
until  new  elections  are  held.  ■■ 

“The  Chinese  side  will  concentrate  on  the 
budding  of  a new  -government  and  gaming 
public  support  for  the  new  regime,"  he  said. 

Last  week,  saying  that  negotiations  with  Chi- 
na were  fruitless,  unis  Patten,  the  British  gov- 
ernor of  Hong  Kong,  announced  he  wodd 


unilaterally  introduce  some  of  the  reform  plans 
he  un veiled  14  months  ago. 

That  move,  Professor  Lau  said,  meant  China 
could  no  longer  count  on  British  cooperation  in 
the  transfer  of  power. 

He  said  his  committee  would  begin  formal 
planning  for  the  1997  elections  if  Mr.  Patten 
submits  his  proposals  for  approval  in  the  legis- 
lature later  this  month. 

.,  China’s  Preparatory  Work  Committee,  com- 
prising 57  Chinese  and  Hong  Kong  public  fig- 
ures, was  formed  to  prepare  for  1997.  It  is  led 
by  Foreign  Minister  Qian  Qichen. 

Hong  Kong  media  said  President  Jiang  Zes 
min  would  address  the  group  when  it  meets  in 
£a  Great  Hall  of  the  People, 
r.  Patten  plans  to  submit  a partial  bill  bn 
.Dec.  15  that  would  lower  the  voting  age' to  18, 
abolish  appointed  local  council  seats  and  sim- 
plify the  voting  system  in  1994  and  1995  elec- 
tions, the  last  before  the  Chinese  takeover. 

China  has  guaranteed  to  maintain  Hang 
.Kong’s  autonomy  for  50  years  after  1997,  but 
says  Mr.  Patten's  plans  violate  accords  on  the 
colony.  . (AP,  Reuters) 


By  Bany  James. 

' International  Herald  Tribune 

PARIS—An  American  animal- 
rjgfats  group  took  its  campaign  to. 
me  streets  of  Paris  on  Tuesday  to 
molest  what  it  says  is  cruelty  in 
Fiance: 

For  French  farmers,  this  was  oik 
more  piece  of  bad  news.  First 
GATT,  and  now  an  American-led 
attack  on  the  foie  gras  trade,  which 
the  Washington-based  People  for 
the  Ethical  Treatment  of  Animals 
has1  announced  as  its  next  priority. 

PETA  encourages  its  members 
to  be  vegetarians  and  said  it  would 
also  oppose  batteiy  hen  production 
and  other  intensive  fanning  tech- 
niques in  France,  as  well  as  waging . 
war  on  animal  'experimentation  by 

perfume  companies.  . . 

The  action  on  Tuesday  at  the 
headquarters  of  French  Vogue 
magazine  came  after  a gmtflflr  ac- 
tion against  the  publication’s  New ' 
York  headquarters  two  months 
ago. 

At  issue  is  the  magazine's  refusal 
to  accept  ads  by  PETA,  while  ac- 
cepting them  from  furriers. 

“Our  money  is  good,"  said  Dan 
Matthews,  PETA  s international 
campaign  director.  “We  think  we 
have  a right  to  an  equal  hearing." 

In  New  York,  PETA  plastered 
Vogue's  chic  offices  with  stidnxs 
and  yelled  slogans  for  45  "ittmteg 
before  the  police  arrived.  The  Paris 
police  were  dearly  better  informed’ 
than  their  New  York  colleagues. 
They  had  the. Vogue  offices  cor- 
doned off  even  before  the  demon- 
strators arrived.  It  was  also  raining, 
which  damped  the  spirit  of  the  oc- 
casion. 

Nevertheless,  seven  young  wom- 
en— dressed  in  tatty  furs  soaked  in 
red  paint,  and  chanting  “Hdp!"  — 
tried  valiantly  but  unsuccessfully 
to  get  aver,  under  and  between  the 
19  policemen  guarding  the  budd- 
ing. 

Finally,  they  gave  up  aadwenl  to 
tiedown  iii  toe  road  in  front  of  the 
National"  Assembly.-  The  police 
gave  them  a few  mmoles,  that 
hauled  them  into  a van  and  drove 
off.  The  women,  two  Americans,  a 
Briton  and  five  Frdich,  were  taken 
to  a nearby  police  station  for  ques- 
tioning. 

• “Excdlent,”  said  Mr.  Matthews 


as  he  surveyed  PETA’s  first  street 
theater  action  in  France. 

• Mr.  Matthews  said  PETA  had 
' 406.000  members  in  the  United 
-States,  was  planning  to  extend 
throughout  Europe  where.  he  said* 
the  need  , is  greaL  He  said  PETA 
'was  the  largest  animal-rights  group 
in  the  wold  and  also  acted  as  an 
umbrella  for.  organizations  like 
Fnmce’s  National  Society  for  (he 
Ddcose  of  Animals. 

PETA  has  also  set  up  offices  in 
London,  Hamburg  and  Amster- 
dam, where  activists  plan  to  march 
nnWirt  through  the  sty’s  Christmas 
marker  mi  Thursday  wearing  Santa 
hats  and  carrying  a sign  reading. 
“We  would  rather  go  naked  than 
wear  fur." 

The  animal-rights  movement 
dearly  faces  an  uphill  struggle  in 
weanuig  the  French  away  from  one 
of  their  favorite  delicacies,  foie 
gras,  which  is  made  by  force-feed- 
ing geese  until  their  livers  swell. 

“Bat  we  have  to  start  some- 
where," said  Sandra  Gabridlini.  an 
American  married  to  a Frenchman, 
who  was  handing  out  leaflets  show- 
ing a furry  animal  caught  in  a hunt- 
er’s trap. 


Arafat  Begins 
Talks  in  Bonn 

Agence  Fnmce-Presse 

BONN  — The  Palestine  Libera- 
tion Organization  leader,  Yasser 
Arafat,  arrived  Tuesday  amid  tight 
security  for  his  first  official  visit  to 
Germany  at  a critical  time  for  the 
Middle  East  peace  process. 

Dources  said  security  was  on  a 
level  accorded  heads  of  state  or 
government.  Mr.  Arafat  was  not 
received  with  mflhaiy  honors  or 

Ked  by  Chancellor  Helmut 
on  arrival,  but  he  was  staying 
at  (be  Petersbog  residence  near 
Bonn  reserved  for  important  state 

glK-StS. 

He  was  beginning  his  talks  with 
Foreign  Minuter  Klaus  Kinkd  and 
then  meeting  with  Arab  ambassa- 
dors before  seeing  Mr.  Kohl  and 
playing  host  at  a reception. 


u- 


it.!-  r 


er 


ay  No 


/tad) era 

LONDON  — Speculation  increased  in  Britain 
on  Tuesday  about  whether  Prince  Charles  will 
become  king  after  revelations  of  high-level  church 
opposition  to  his  accession  if  allegations  of  marital 
infidelity  prove  tree. 

In  an  unusually  blunt  public  statement,  a senior 
Church  of  England  figure  publicly  cast  doubtoo- 
the  prince’s  fitness  to  be  crowned  long  if  he  had,  in  ■ 
fact,  broken  his  marriage  vows. 

The  archdeacon  of  York,  the  Venerable  George 
Austin,  said  in  a BBC  interview  that  if  press 
reports  of  the  prince  & relationship  with  Camilla 
Parker  Bowles,  his  old  girlfriend,  were  true,  “How 
can  he  then  go  into  Westminster  Abbey,  and  take 
the  coronation  vowsT 

His  comments  drew  tire  Church  of  England 
deeper  into  the  debate  surrounding  Prince  Charles 
and  his  stormy  12-year  marriage  to  Diana,  Princess 
of- Wales. 


The  Sun  newspaper  said  the  church's  spiritual 
leader,  the-  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  George 
Carey,  was  pressing  for  the  heir  apparent  to.  re- 
nounce the  throne  In  favor  of  his  son.  Prince 
William. 

But  its  report  was  swiftly  denied  by.  Archbishop 
Carey’s  office.  Archdeacon  Austin  later  added  fuel 
to  the  fire,  however,  by  saying  that  although  be 
’ doubted  the  arch  bishop  was  thmiring  along  those 
lines  “at  tins  stage,"  he  might  well  do  so  as  the 
question  of  the  succession  comes  closer. 

As  king.  Prince  Charles,  45,  would  become  head 
of  the  Church  of_  England  and  defender  of  the 
Anglican  faith,  which  preaches  that  marriage  vows 
are  sacred. 

Speculation  on  the  royal  couple's  future  has 
increased  since  Princess  Diana  announced  last 
week  that  die  was  retreating  from  public  life  from 
the  end  of  the  year.  The  couple  separated  last  Dec. 
9. 


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RtcuAiui  Branson,  Foonukb  ani>  Onur  Eraymr,  Vmcw  Atiavih:  Airways 

People  at  the  top  read  die  Trib. 

No  local  bias.  No  national  slant.  No  partisan  viewpoint. 
Simply  a balanced  editing  of  the  news 
for  people  with  a stake  in  international  affairs. 

INTERNATIONAL  M 


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CSTERNATIONAL  HERALD  TRIBUNE,  WEDNESDAY,  DECEMBER  8,  1993 


Page 


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To  the  Peace  Table 


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‘ •-.!•-  . !;• 


Assad  Steady  to  End  Boycott, 
January  Resumption  Is  Seen 


. *v 


“r 

-■ 1 


By  John  M.  Goshko 

. ^pwto&Btr 

~ Syria  is  ready 
lo  ojd  ii$  boycott  of  the  peace  talks 
with  Israd  m Washington,  and  Seb- 

roary  of  State  WantnM^  Christo- 
pbcr  expects  to  announce  a -farm. 


after  he  confess  with  President  Ha- 
•j  m Damascus  on  Thurs- 

aay,  U.S.  and  Israeli  sources  said. 

H is  not  dear  whether  simply 
restoring  talks  will  lead  to  any 
breakthroughs  in  the  Syrian-IsraeU 
talks,  which  have  been  stalemated 
since  the  UJS.-sponsored  peace 
process  began  in  late  1991. 

But  it  would  represent  at  least 


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ating  table  through  a series  of  ges- 
tures that  hold  oat  the  promise  of 
better  relations  between  the  United 
Slates  and  a country  that  long  has 
been  among  the  most  anti-Western 
and  and- Israeli  Arab  states. 

The  outlines  of  the  UJS.  ap- 
. p roach  began  to  emerge  last  week 
with  suggestions  that  greater  Syri- 
an  flexibility  toward  thapw^  talks 
eventually  could  lead  to  such  marks 
of  increased  respectability  in  the 
West  as  a meeting  between  Mr. 
Assad  and  President  BiD  Clinton 
and  to  Syria’s  removal  from  a U.S. 
list  of  coantries  that  aid.  intema- 
lional  terrorism. 

U.S.  sources  said  that  the  first 
step  in  that  directum  likely  would 
' come  in  the  next  few  days  with 
American  permission  for  Kuwait  to 
. resell  three  U_S.-made  Boeing  727 
- commercial  airliners  to  Syria.  As  a 
country  on  the  terrorism  list,  Syria 
normally  would  be  barred  from  ac- 
. quiring  US.  equipment  ffatt.  might 
‘ have  military  applications. 

The  soaroes  said  that  the  admin-, 
istratkm  was  willing  to  grant  an 
l exception  for  the  727s  because  their 
. potential  for  military  use  wasmsjg- 
;nificant.  The  officials  stre 

* however,  that  Syria  was  not 
removed  from  the  terrorism  list  j 

'*  that  all  other  pertinent  USu  sano- 
tions  would  continue  to  apply. 

• Mr.  Assad,  while  giving  no  hint 
' that  Syria  might  moderate  the  de- 
mands it  was  making  from  Israel, 
has  responded  with  some  unexpect- 
ed and  significant  conciliatory  ges- 
tures. When  Mr.  Christopher  to 
in  Damascus  on  Sanday,  ihc  Syri- 
ans told  him  that  they  would  allow 
those  Jews~still  in  Syria  to  obtain 


dose  to  acknowledging  that  both 
sttes  were  on  the  verge  of  reviving 
the  Syrian-lsradi  talks. 

“The  only  question  is  what  will 
be  the  timetable  when  these  negoti- 
ations win  be  resumed,  ” the  Israeli 
leader  said.  “And  the  secretary 
mentioned  that  there  is  something 
that  can  be  readied  in  tenuis  of  the 
tuning,  and  be  will  announce  it 
toward  the  end- of  his  visit  in  tire 
area."  ■ 

“ The  talks  have  been  in  recess 
since  September,  when  Mr.  Assad, 
angered  by  Israel's  separate  agree- 
ment with  the  Palestine  liberation 
Organization,  declared  that  Syria 

Israel  declared  its  willingness  to 
withdraw  from  the  Golan  Heights, 
captured  from  Syria  in  1967. 

Mr.- Rabin,  for  his  part,  indicat- 
ed that  he  would  prefer  a parse  in 
the  Syria  talks  while  his  govern- 
ment concentrated  on  ixnpkmeni- 
ing  its  agreement  with  (he  FLO  to 
.withdraw  Israeli'  troops  from  the 
Gaza  Strip  and  the  West  Bank 
town  of  Jericho.  The  withdrawal  is 
supposed  to  begin  Monday,  al- 
though violent  opposition  from  ex- 
tremists on  both  sides  has  cansed 
numerous  deaths  ance  September. 

' Hie  United  Stales  is  anxious  to 


In  Nobel  Lecture,  Morrison  Denounces  Oppressive  Language 


By  Eugene  Robinson 

IttuAugian  Post  Service 

STOCKHOLM — Toni  Morrison,  the  first  black 
American  to  receive  the  Nobel  Prize  in  Literature, 
spoke  Tuesday  of  the  ability  of  language  to  oppress 
and  empower  as  she  delivered  her  Nobd  lecture  to  a 
packed  house  in  the  Grand  Hall  of  the  Swedish 
Academy. 

“Oppressive  language  does  more  than  represent 
violence,  h is  violence;  docs  more  than  represent  the 
limits  of  knowledge,  it  limits  knowledge,’'  Ms.  Mor- 
rison said.  “Whether  it  is  the  malign  language  of  law- 
without-cthics,  or  language  designed  for  tire  es- 
trangement of  minorities,  biding  its  racist  plunder  in 
its  literary  cheek,  it  must  be  ngected  altered  and 
exposed." 

She  equated  language  with  existence  itself.  "We 
die,”  she  said.  “That  may  be  the  meaning  of  our 
lives.  Bui  we  do  language.  Thai  may  be  the  measure 
of  our  lives." 

The  lecture  was  one  of  the  highlights  of  a week  of 
events  for  the  62-year-old  novelist  and  Princeton 
University  professor.  On  Friday,  she  and  this  year’s 
other  Nobd  winners  will  receive  their  prizes  and 
then  be  honored  at  a dinner  ax  Stockholm's  dry  hall 


Ms.  Morrison  was  given  a standing  ovation  before 
she  began  ha  lecture  on  Tuesday  evening  and  anoth- 
er when  she  finished.  In  between,  she  spoke  meta- 
phorically. and  at  times  more  directly,  about  the 
power  she  finds  in  the  written  and  spoken  word. 

“Fiction  has  never  been  entertainment  for  me." 
she  said.  “It  is  the  work  I have  done  for  most  of  mv 
adult  life." 

The  choice  of  Ms.  Morrison  for  the  Nobel  general- 
ly won  warm  praise,  but  a lew  writers  groused  that  it 
had  less  fo  do  with  merit  than  “political  correct- 
ness." 

On  Tuesday.  Ms.  Morrison  offered  uhat  could  be 
read  as  a spirited  defense  of  the  view  that  words  are 
weapons,  often  used  by  the  strong  against  the  weak. 

The  lecture  took  the  form  of  a meditation  on  a folk 
tale;  An  old,  blind  woman  lives  on  the  outskirts  of 
town.  Some  children  decide  to  play  a trick  on  ha. 
One  of  them  says  he  has  a bird  in  bis  hand,  and  asks 
ha  to  tell  him  if  it  is  living  or  dead.  The  woman  is 
sifem  for  a long  ting,  then  finally  savs:  “I  don't 
know  whether  the  bird  you  arc  holding  is  dead  or 
alive,  but  what  I do  know  is  that  it  is  in  your  hands.  It 
is  in  your  hands." 

The  bird.  Ms.  Morrison  said,  can  be  read  as  a 
metaphor  for  language  itself.  And  a dead  language  is 


not  only  one  no  Ionga  in  use.  but  also  one  unrecep- 
tive  to  new  speakers,  new  ways  of  speaking  and  new 
ideas  —■‘statist  language,  censored  and  censoring." 

Words  can  be  used  to  “sanction  ignorance  and 
preserve  privilege"  she  said,  to  provide  “shelter  for 
despots,”  tocreate  "menace  ana  subjugation."  There 
is  "diplomatic  language  to  countenance  rape,  tor- 
ture, assassination.”  and  "seductive,  mutant  lan- 
guage designed  to  throttle  women,  to  pack  their 
throats  like  pate-producing  geese  with  their  own 
unsayable.  transgressive  words." 

“Underneath  the  eloquence,  the  glamour,  the 
scholarly  associations,  however  sliming  or  seductive, 
the  heart  of  such  language  is  languishing,  or  perhaps 
not  beating  at  all.  if  the  bird  is  already  dead." 

But  despite  its  power,  she  said.  language  is  not  a 
substitute  for  experience,  but  rather  "arcs  toward  the 
place  where  meaning  might  lie." 

At  the  end  of  Ms.  Morrison's  folk  tale,  the  chil- 
dren who  have  come  to  taunt  the  blind  woman  react 
to  ha  gnomic  answer  by  telling  a story  of  thei  r own. 
The  point  is  that  they  have  approached  the  encoun- 
ter speaking  difTerem  languages  and  aid  up  telling  a 
narrative  together. 

The  author  of  six  novels.  Ms.  Morrison  is  best 


known  for  two  books.  "Song  of  Solomon"  and 
“Beloved."  In  awarding  the  prize,  the  Swedish  Acad- 
emy praised  ha  work  as  being  "characterized  by 
visionary  force  and  poetic  impact"  adding  that  it 
“gives  life  to  an  essential  aspect  of  American  reali- 
ty." 

' The  prize,  first  given  in  1901.  is  worth  5825.000 
this  year.  Ms.  Morrison  is  the  eighth  woman  to  win. 
Black  American  writers  like  James  Baldwin.  Richard 
Wright  and  Ralph  Ellison  were  never  honored. 

The  daughter  of  sharecroppers,  Ms.  Morrison  was 
bom  Chloe  Anthony  Wofford.  She  attended  How- 
ard University  and  Cornell  University,  where  she 
received  a M A.  in  American  literature.  She  married, 
had  two  sons  and  divorced,  and  began  writing  fic- 
tion when  she  was  working  as  a bode  editor  in  New 
York. 

When  “Beloved"  failed  to  win  a National  Book 
Award,  four  dozen  black  writers  wrote  a statement 
of  protest.  The  book  was  lata  awarded  a Pulitzer 
Prize. 

Ms.  Morrison's  work  has  drawn  some  criticism  for 
wh3t  some  call  excessively  negative  portrayals  of 
black  men.  Bui  on  Tuesday  there  was  no  controver- 
sy.  Ms.  Morrison  paused  and  smiled  broadly  as  she 
surveyed  her  rapi  audience.  The  fairy  tale  was  bers. 


SHIFT: 

White  Bide  Ends 


Coodnaed  from  Page  I 

accept  a loan  of  nearly  $800  millkm 
from  the  International  Monetary 
Fund  fra-  balance-of-paymenl  relief 
from  drought-related  debt. 

The  government  and  the  ANC- 
led  liberation  forces  also  agreed  in 


principle  this  week  on  an  amnesty 
for  aid 


\ those  who  committed  politi- 


gel  the  Syrian-Isradi  track  moving  cal  crimes  during  the  apartheid  era. 

The  parliament  elected  next  year 


The  secretary  of  slate  said  that  it 
was.  “entirely  appropriate"  ih.n 
Mr.  Rabin  “give  priority  to  moving 

forward”  on  the  Gaza  and  Jericho 
withdrawals.  .... 

“But  the  United  States  is  com- 


wDl  determine  the  cutoff  date. 

The  rightist  protest  outside  of 
Pretoria  was  a “symbolic  act  of 
resistance"  against  the  inaugura- 
tion of  the  council  according  to 
leaders  of  the  Pretoria  Boa 


ratted  to  a comprehensive  solution  mando,  the  group  that  took  ova 


in  tins  region,  he  added.  “We’re 
committed  to  the  idea  of  all  tracks 
moving,  perhaps  not  at  the  same 
pace,  bat  nevertheless  moving  to- 
ward the  same  resolution  of  peace 
in  the  area."  • . 

. .The  sources  said.  Mr.  Qnisto- 
pber  had  wen  Mr.  Rabin’s  agree- 
ment to  go  along  with  the  UJ5. 
desire  for  a new  push  on  the  Syrian 
track.  Bat  they  were  unable  to  say 
whetiKr  Mr.  Rabin  wodd  move 
from  his  staled  position  that  Israd 
would  agree  to  a partial  withdrawal 
from  the  Golan,  but  only  after  Syr- 
ia announces  its  willingness  to 
make  fiill  peace  with 


the  fort-museum  early  Tuesday. 
Defense  forces  surrounded  the 
structure  and  cut  off  water  and 
electricity,  and  negotiations  to  end 
the  standoff  continued. 

The  transitional  council  will 
have  subcouncils  to  deal  with  de- 
fease, intelligence,  law  and  order, 
women’s  issues,  finance,  foreign  af- 
fairs, local  government  and  tradi- 
tional leaders. 

It  is  supposed  to  establish  a mul- 
tiparty peacekeeping  fare  to  guard 
against  intimidation  daring  the 
clarion  raunpmgn,  but  there  are 
doubts  whether  such  a force  will  get 
off  the  ground  in  time  for  the  vote. 


U.S.  Lists 
2 Goals  for 
Koreans 


The  Aiwutcd  Pitta. 


A rightist  taking  aim  Tuesday  in  a Boer  War  museun  site  near  Pretoria.  He  is  one  of  30  oooqrying  the  fort  to  protest  the  new  council. 


BLACKS:  Will  South  Africa  Be  Able  to  Salvage  Its  Embittered  Youths? 


Continued  from  Page  1 
witnesses  testify.  The  consensus 
among  these  young  people  is  that 
Amy  Biehl  was  at  fault  for  coming 
where  she  was  not  wanted,  and  that 
the  white  courts  have  no  right  to 
judge  the  accused. 

The  death  is  now  part  of  the 
community  lore.  Residents  call  the 
slain  woman  Amy.  Without  being 


asked,  they  w01  point  out  the  spot 
where  she  was  killed. 

"It's  the  whole  country,  it's  not 
only  the  few  children,"  said  Wowo 
Nofemda,  47,  whose  22-year-old 
son,  Mzikhona,  is  one  of  those  on 
trial.  "The  environment  is  not 
right.” 

Gugulew’s  bleak  environment 
has  rapidly  deteriorated  under  the 


exit  pernrils  by  the  end  of  this 
atklheyalsdi """ 


Don’t  Free  Spy,  Clinton  Advisers  Urge 


iU,--" 

W:-. 
*».  "** 

• ■■ 

& •-*  • 


month.  They  also  offered  to  assist  a 
U.S.  congressional  investigating, 
team  that  is  seeking  to  determine 
the  fate  of  seven  Israeli  soldiers 
missing  in  Lebanon  since  the 
1980s. 

Mr.  Christopher- declined  to  ■ 
comment  Itasday  bri  the  state  of 
play  with  Syria,  ami  the  sources 
said  that  some  small  problems  still 
must  be  resolved  when  the  sccre-- 
lary  goesto  Damascus. 

V But  Prime  Minister  Yitzhak  Ra- 
• bin,  in  remarks  to.  reporters,  came 


By  David  Johnston 

New  York  Tima  Service 

WASHINGTON  — President 
BQI  Cfintan’s  advisers  .are  recom- 
mending that  he  reject  . an  appeal 
■for  clemency  by  Jonathan  Jay.  Pol- 
lard, an  Amencair  Jew -'who  was 
convicted  of  spying  fra  Israd  in 
1987  and  sentenced  to  life  in  pris- 
on, according  to  American,  offi- 
cials. 


Goals  said  it  appeared  unlikely  that 
Mr.  Clinton  would  shorten  Mr. 
PoOard’s  sentence  despite  an  in- 
tense lobbying  campaign  by  Amer- 
fa  personal  plea 


an  outpouring  of  protest  to  reports 
of  rejecting  clemency  could  alter 
his  decision. 


to  Ml  Clinton  last  month  by  Prime 
Minister  Yitzhak  Raimi  of  Israd. 


Faced  with  sofidifyn®  oppbsi- 


But  these  officials  were  cautious 
about  predicting  Mr.  Oin ton’s  ac- 
tion in  exercising  what  is  solely  a 
presidential  power  to  grant  demen- 
cy.  Urey  emphasized  that  he  had 


Mr.  Pollard  was  employed  as  a 
intelligence  analyst  fra  tire  U.S. 
Navy  and  was  jiaid  thousands  of 
dollars  for  spying  on  the  United 
States.  Some  supporters  of  Mr.  Pol- 
lard said  tire  administration  had 


quietly  floated  alternative  choices 
fra  the 


tire  president. 

Under  rare  proposal  Mr.  Clin- 


tinn  within  thfe  administration,  of-  yet  to  make  up  his  mind  and  that  ■ ton  could  commute  Mr.  Pollard’s 


- 

r*- 

1 


/ , 
* t 


a 

t:’Vf 


f i 


sentence,  but  only  on  tire  condition 
that  he  serve  tire  nearly  two  years 
remaining  before  he  is  eligible  for 

Grole.  Another  proposal  would 
ve  Mr.  Clinton  merely  hint  that 
he  might  act  favorably  sometime  in 
tbe'future.  ' 

The  emotional  case  has  trapped 
Mr.  Clinton  between  seemingly  ir- 
reconcilable forces;  Israel  and 
some  American  Jewish  groups  on 
one  side  and  American  prosecutors 
and  intelligence  officials  on  the 
other. 

“This  was  largest  physical  com- 
promise of  United  States  classified 
information  in  the  20th  cauury” 
said  Joseph  E.  di Genova,  a former 
U.S.  attorney  who  prosecuted  tire 
espionage  case 


migration  of  rural  poor  seeking 
work.  The  original  dreary  blocks  of 
tiny  homes  have  been  swamped  by 
squatta  shacks,  muddy  warrens  of 
smoke-stained  sheds. 

To  Mr.  Nofomela,  a grounds- 
keeper, the  miracle  is  that  Mzik- 
hona is  the  first  of  his  six  children 
to  get  in  trouble.  They  grew  up 
without  playgrounds,  often  with- 
out shoes.  Four  are  now  adults,  and 
jobless. 

For  all  his  suffering,  though,  Mr. 
Nofomela  defers  to  whites;  his  chil- 
dren do  iiol 

“Our  parents,  they  are  cowards 
for  the  Boer,"  said  Linda 
Mayekiso,  21,  the  girlfriend  of 
Mzikhona  Nofomela  and,  like  the 
arrested  man,  an  ardent  Pan- Afri- 
canist. “The  youth  are  not  scared, 
and  they  have  power." 

Besides,  she  said,  the  adults  had 
jobs  to  lose,  however  poor.  Die 
young  have  nothing  to  lose,  even 
prospects. 

The  militant  leaders  who  provide 
the  political  vocabulary  for  the  an- 
ger say  they  discourage  racial  ha- 
tred by  delicately  avoiding  the 
word  “white"  and  describing  the 
enemy  as  “settlers."  or  “oppres- 
sors." But  they  concede  that  such 
distinctions  are  often  lost  on  tire 
streets. 

As  tire  apartheid  harriers  erode. 


familiarity  seems  to  breed  only 
more  resentment. 

Vusumzi  Noge.  an  1 1th  grader 
who  iransfemxfdiis  year  to  a newly 
integrated  school  in  the  prosperous 
white  suburb  of  Mowbray,  said  he 
was  heartbroken  and  wrathful  to 
see  the  libraries  and  laboratories 
unimaginable  in  Guguletu.  To  tile 
snubs  of  white  students,  he  re- 
sponded with  steely  defiance. 

“I  don’t  care."  he  said.  "Because 
it’s  not  their  land,  it's  our  land.  It's 
all  our  land." 

Among  the  angry  young,  the 
scheduling  of  the  first  free  elections 
has  not  diminished  the  bitterness. 

Some  expea  a quick  and  chilling 
diaUusionment 

“It's  going  to  get  worse,  because 
each  ana  everybody,  they  have  got 
visions."  said  Martha  HoEobo.  23. 
who  runs  a fruit  stall  at  the  edge  of 
one  of  the  squatta  camps.  “People 
think  freedom  means  they  will  all 
move  to  the  rich  houses  in  Mow- 
bray. and  the  Mutes  in  Mowbray 
will  move  here.” 

Nelson  Mandela,  tire  African 
National  Congress  leader,  has 
sought  to  dampen  dreams  of  sud- 
den economic  equably.  The  Pan- 
Africanists  encourage  such  hopes 
as  a birthright. 


RICE:  Japan  Will  Open  Its  Market 


Coatmoed  fron  Page  1 
cal  reform  tail  by  the  end  of  the 
year,  and  fired  his  defense  minister 
for  speaking  openly  about  amend- 
ing the  constitution. 

“This  has  not  been  our  finest  few 
days,"  one  of  his  political  opera- 
tives said.  Bui  industrialists,  who 
have  long  called  for  dismantling 
tire  rice  looby,  were  clearly  ecstatic. 

Given  tire  obvious  political  sen- 
sitivities, Mr.  Hosokawa’s  govern- 
ment has  carefully  stage-managed 
the  rice  debate  for  months.  It  wait- 
ed until  tire  last  possible  moment  to 
agree  to  the  opening  of  tire  market 
so  that  it  would  appear  that  Japan 
was  cornered  by  its  trading  part- 
ners. 

Government  leaders  publicly  in- 
sisted they  would  never  open  tire 
market,  while  preparing  the 


groundwork  by  hinting  that  open- 
arket  was  inevitable. 


Bank  town 


NuHnt/TleAaramdPiai 

dam  Monday  in  the  West 

'-rote. 


mg  of  the  market 
The  draft  accord  that  was  “sent” 
to  Japan  by  negotiators  in  Geneva, 
who  were  arguing  ova  the  last 
changes  to  tire  General  Agreement 


SE4.CE:  Telescope  Receives  an  Exotic  New  Set  of  Eyes 


I'*!!. 


doors  in  the  telescope's  outer  hnlL  Engnreers  had  expressed  fears 
. , - Eariy  Tuesday  morning.  Jeffrey  earlier  that  after  the  wear  and  tear 

■ Thornton  and  Tom  Akers  F^amred  ^ m(j  stray  Mnsgrave  of  more  than  three  years  in  orbit, 

- to  step  out  of  the  ttdockfarihc  had  made  the  whole  operation  took  there  might  be  loose  or  bemtnaten- 

* fin^l  optical  fix  before  11  ffirrV  easy,  smoothly  sliding  a replace-  al,  or  other  obstructions,  that 

' Tuesday  (0400  GMT  Wednesday).  - t cavity  in  would  complicate  or  even  prevent 

By  thi  the  telescope  was  to  ^telescope. 

have  been  rotated  90  degrees  onits  Tbeft^director,  M3t  Heflin, 
turntable  to  expose  the  darswora  not  only  the  crew  but  also 

site  on  its  savoy  flank.  telescope,  with  its 

replaceable  modular  components, 
handrails ' and  bolts  designed  to 
maic  with  power  tools. 

In  addition  to  moving  the  mas- 
sive camera  with  fingertip  prea- 


they  woe  senea- 

e tie  teJesrapes 
rumen  t.  a High 


next  few  hours, 
uled  to  remove 

least-used  instrument,  

Speed  Photometer,  to  tesla iroom 
taCostar  -the  Con^e  Oph« 
Space  Telescope  Axial  Repla»- 


the  installation  of  (he  new  instru- 
ments. 

The  new  camera,  first  proposed 
m 2984,  was  intended  to  upgrade 
the  telescope  with  sute-of-the-art 
equipment  just  as  observatories  on 
the  ground  do.  When  the  Hubble 
Haw  was  discovered  after  its  1990 


"'Ca  proceto  X 


, _ . - . launch,  the  corrective  optics  were 

son,  the  pair  spent  a Jot  of  nine  incorporated  as  wefl,  bringing  the 
□sing  the  power  radret  tool  count-  camera’s  total  cost  to  S101  motion. 


tug  the  required  number  of  turns 


ill  a uiuvwvw*-  mg  low  u. — 

used  to  install  the  new  camera  the  ^ jond  on  every  bdt  “Five  turns 

previous  monrink  tirey  were^.  “ to  the  hard  stop.  O.K,  i ca^  fce| 


ibu**c 


nrevllHU  -T  UJ.hUC  UOtv  7 

Side  the  massive  box  ontoginde  engagcd-Ster^-to  slip.al 

Sis  and  - like  » huge  vertical  aboul  5W  turns."  Mr.  Hoffman  sard 


in  a typical  exdiange.  10 


typical  ex 

pilot  Kenneth  Bcwereox, 
the  robot  arm  with  Mr. 
on  iU  “Up  a f°°L  S,on 


Die  pair 


Tire  Hobble  chief  scientist,  Ed 
Wdkr,  called  the  camera  installa- 
tion “a  giant  leap"  fra  astronomers 
around  the  world.  *T  think  we  all 
had  wet  palms  watching  the  astro- 
nauts WOT.” 

Following  the  work  on  the  cam- 
. era,  Mr^Musgrave  and  Mr..  Hoff- 


amazement  ‘ manscaled thebogfat of LheHub- 


*013084  8585 


when  they  got  their  fin*  took  into 
the  cavity  left  by  the  «d  camera. 

“It’s  really  beautiful  in  here, 
said  Mr.  Mnsgrave.  “Looks  like  a 
brand  new  telescope  where. 


We,  riding  as  high  as  the  robot  arm 
could  cany  them,  to  install  new 
magnetometers.  These  devices  en- 
able the  telescope  to  orient  itself 
based  od  Earth’s  magnetic  field. 


French  Assembly  Votes 
To  Lift  Topic’s  Immunity 


Ream 


PARIS  — The  French  National  Assembly  voted  Tuesday  to  Hft 

of  Bernard  Tapie,  a businessman 


the  immunity  from  prosecution 
turned  politician,  framer  minister  and  soccer  team  owner. 

Mr.  Tapie  is  under  investigation  by  a magistrate  for  alleged 
financial  irregularities  at  the  Testni  weighing  machine  firm  that 
belongs  to  his  holding  company,  Bernard  Tapie  Finance. 

A forma  manager  of  the  company  has  accused  Mr.  Tapie, 
chairman  of  tire  European  soccer  champions,  Olympiquc  Marseille, 
of  borrowing  money  m Testul’s  name  to  boy  soccer  stars. 

The  assembly  voted,  432  to  72,  to  hft  the  immunity  of  Mr.  Tapie.  a 
favorite  of  President  Francos  Mitterrand’s. 

. The  assembly  will  soon  hear  a separate  application  by  another 
judge  to  lift  Mr.  Tapie’s  immunity  over  an  attempt  by'Marseille 
officials  to  bribe  soccer  opponents  to  lose  a key  league  match  in  May. 
Mr.  Tapie  has  denied  wrongdoing. 

“This  assembfy  is  asked  to  cast  the  first  stone  at  me,"  Mr.  Tapie 
said.  “And  this  will  allow  others  to  throw  bigger,  heavier  stones, 
perhaps  at  me,  but  perhaps  they  will  also  frit  some  of  you." 

He  did  not  carry  out  an  earlier  threat  to  expose  corruption  in 
politics  when  he  defended  himsdf  in  the  lower  house  where  he  saves 
as  a deputy  from  the  Boudres-du-Rbdne  district  of  Marseille. 

Mr.  Mitterrand  appointed  Mr.  Tapie  minister  of  urban  affairs  in 
April  last  year.  The  saf-made  millionaire  was  forced  to  resign  seven 
weeks  lata  after  being  indicted  fra  fraud  ova  a buaness  mspwe. 

He  returned  to  the  cabinet  In  Decemba  after  tire  charges  were 
j j .... .was  routed  in 


on  Tariffs  and  Trade,  was  actually 
worked  out  by  Japan  and  the  Unit- 
ed States  several  weeks  ago. 

Thus  it  was  no  surprise  when  the 
foreign  minister,  Tsutomu  Haia. 
made  it  clear  that  Japan  would  not 
press  for  further  changes  in  a draft 
agreement  that  postpones  placing 
tariffs  on  imported  rice  for  six 
years,  but  requires  Japan  to  import 
at  least  4 to  8 percent  of  the  rice  it 
consumes  each  year,  or  3.6  million 
tons  of  foreign  rice  during  that  pe- 
riod 

“This  proposal  is  virtually  the 
final  one,”  Mr.  Haia  said  not  men- 
tioning that  the  deal  already  had 
been  worked  out.  To  ease  the  way. 
the  finance  minister.  Hirohisa  Fu- 
ji], hinted  that  the  government 
would  compensate  Tanners  who  are 
hurt  by  tire  new  trade  rules. 

Though  the  rice  opening  has 
been  a contentious  issue  between 
Japan  and  the  United  States  Tor 
years,  soaking  up  thousands  of 
hours  of  negotiations,  the  Ameri- 
can agricultural  industry  is  unlikely 
to  benefit  greatly. 

A relatively  small  segment  of 
American  rice  fanners,  mostly  in 
California  and  Arkansas,  grow  tire 
short-grain  rice  eaten  here.  The 
bulk  of  tire  imports  mil  likely  come 
from  Thailand  and  China. 

Mr.  Hosokawa  was  not  the  only 
one  attempting  to  weather  a politi- 
cal storm  generated  by  last-minute 
concessions  for  a new  trade  agree- 
ment, called  tire  Uruguay  round  of 
the  Genera]  Agreement  on  Tariffs 
and  Trade. 

In  South  Korea,  which  also  has  a 
highly  protected  rice  market,  farm- 
ers and  politicians  took  to  the 
streets  when  it  became  clear  that 
President  Kim  Young  Sam  had  se- 
cretly agreed  to  a deal  almost  iden- 
tical to  Japan's.  More  than  30,000 
protesters  gathered  in  front  of  the 
main  railroad  station  in  Seoul  and 
there  were  violent  clashes  as  thou- 
sands surged  toward  the  U J.  Em- 
bassy carrying  signs  condemning 
tire  United  States  fra  bringing  min 
to  the  country’s  5.7  mDlion  farm- 
ers. 

Indeed,  among  millions  of  South 
Koreans,  the  emotional  rice  issue 
has  completely  overshadowed  any 
discussion  or  gratitude  for  Ameri- 
can efforts  to  force  North  Korea, 
tire  Smith's  enemy  for  four  decades, 
to  give  up  its  nuclear  weapons  pro- 
gram. 


Rate  the  world's  best  restaurants 
with  Patricia  Wells. 


The  EHT's  restaurant  critic  has  set  out 
an  a rare  and  ambitious  gastronomic  journey,  a 
search  for  the  10  best  restaurants  in  the  wood. 

Sbe  will  be  rating,  in  month- to-raomh 
articles,  die  top  restaurants  from  region  to 
region,  and  comparing  them  to  one  another. 

Whether  it's  die  best  in  dim  sum, 
delicious  bur  secret  sushi  bars  or  the  finest  erf 
French  tables,  she  will  guide  readers  with 
articles  about  inexpensive  restaurants  as  well 
as  the  grand  ones  in  the  world's  major  dues. 

She  will  also  share  her  tips  on  how  to  select 

quality  restaurants  in  unfamiliar  territory. 

Don’t  miss  tins  series. 


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Complied  by  Our  Siaff  Fran  Dtspaidus 

WASHINGTON  — President 
Bill  Clinton  discussed  North  Ko- 
rea's Lnest  proposal  on  nuclear  in- 
spections Tuesday  with  President 
Kim  Young  Sam  of  South  Korea  in 
preparation  for  a new  meeting  be- 
tween American  and  North  Korean 
diplomats. 

The  two  leaders  “agreed  on  the 
objectives."  according  to  the  White 
House  press  secretary.  Dee  Dee 
Myers. 

She  said  there  were  two  immedi- 
ate goals: 

• North  Korea  must  agree  to  in- 
spections of  its  nuclear  power  sites 
by  (Jhe  International  Atomic  Ena- 
gy  Agency,  a United  Nations  orga- 
nization. 

• The  North  must  also  agree  to 
resume  talks  with  South  Korea  on 
making  the  Korean  Peninsula  free 
of  nuclear  weapons. 

Mr.  Clinton  said  Monday  that  be 
was  “not  entirely  satisfied"  with 
the  North's  offer  to  allow  only  lim- 
ited inspections  of  the  nuclear  in- 
stallations. 

“We  want  to  see  if  we  can 
achieve  our  objectives  through  ne- 
gotiations." a senior  American  offi- 
cial added.  “This  is  a serious  mat- 
ter. There  is  not  a lot  of  time." 

At  tire  United  Nations,  where 
American  and  North  Korean  rep- 
resentatives have  been  conducting 
negotiations,  an  American  diplo- 
mat said  Tuesday  that  there  would 
be  anotirer  meeting  on  the  issue  in 
New  Yoik  in  the  near  future. 

At  atomic  energy  agency  head- 
quarters in  Vienna,  a spokesman, 
David  Kyd,  said  North  Korea  was 
offering  to  permit  unrestricted  in- 
spection of  five  of  the  seven  nuclear 
sites  at  Yongbyon. 

But  at  the  other  two  sites,  which 
tire  agency  and  the  United  States 
consider  to  be  the  most  important, 
the  inspectors  could  only  change 
batteries  and  film  in  monitoring 
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USTERNATIONAL  HERALD  TRIBUNE,  WEDNESDAY,  DECEMBER  8, 1993 


Don  Ameche,  a Leading  Man 
In  Movie  Musicals,  Dies  at  85 


HOUPHOUET -BOIGNY : Ivory  Coast  PresidentSince  1960  Dies. 


P:.:  "*■  •■Wls'i s 


77;  <■  AssiKiaied  Fnnf 

SCOTTSDALE.  Arizona  — 
.Don  Ameche.  85.  the  versatile 
i movie  actor  whose  career  spanned 

■ nearly  six  decades,  died  Monday  of 

- prostate  cancer. 

Mr.  Ameche  worked  to  the  end. 
and  in  the  first  week  of  last  month 
finished  his  part  in  "Corrina.  Cor- 
r rina,"  a movie  with  Whoopi  Gold- 
:berg  and  Ray  Lioua.  Mr.  Ameche 

- plays  a man  whose  son.  Lioua,  de- 
velops a relationship  with  a black 

: housekeeper  in  the  late  1950s. 

. .L  “All  the  way  up  until  the  day  he 
died,  he'd  wake  up  m the  middle  of 
.-the 'night  and  say  to  me.  'What  time 
i do  1 have  to  go  to  work?  What  time 
arc  they  picking  me  up?' " said  his 
. soo.  Don  Jr.,  with  whom  he  Lived, 
i THe  just  loved  iu“  Mr.  .Amec he's 
character  dies  in  the  movie. 

Already  i radio  star.  Mr. 

■ Ameche  made  a smooth  transition 
' to  movies,  beginning  with  “Sins  of 

Man"  in  1936.  During  12  years  at 
20th  Century  Fox.  he  appeared  in 
musicals,  comedies  and  dramas. 

When  his  film  career  faded  in 

■ 1948.  Mr.  Ameche  busied  himself 
on  Broadway  in  “Silk  Stockings" 

■ and  “Can  Can"  and  later  in  touring 
musicals  and  dinner  theater.  His 


second  film  career  began  in  1983 
with  “Trading  Places."  starring  Ed- 
die Murphy  and  Dan  Aykroyd. 

Two  years  later,  he  appeared  in 
the  fantasy  “Cocoon."  In  which  he 
played  one  of  a group  of  Florida 
retirees  who  discover  a fountain  of 
youth  creaLed  by  extraterrestrials. 
He  won  the  Oscar  os  best  support- 
ing actor. 

Mr.  Ameche’s  ebullience  on 
screen  contrasted  with  his  personal 
modesty.  When  he  received  an 
Academy  Award  at  79  in  1986.  he 
remarked,  alluding  to  the  Oscar: 
“For  all  you  members  of  the  acade- 
my. this  esteemed  gentleman  says 
that  you  have  given  me  your  recog- 
nition. You’ve  given  to  me  your 
love.  1 hope  that  1 have  earned  your 
respect.” 

He  was  bona  Dominic  Felix 
Amici  in  Kenosha.  Wisconsin,  to 
an  Italian  immigrant  father  and  an 
Irish-German  mother.  His  name 
was  shortened  to  Don.  and  the 
spelling  of  his  last  name  changed. 

Mr.  Ameche  was  a star  athlete 
and  drama  dub  member  at  Colum- 
bia College  in  Dubuque,  Iowa.  He 
wanted  to  be  a lawyer,  but  at  the 
University  of  Wisconsin  bis  pas- 
sion for  acting  grew.  His  future  was 


set  when  he  replaced  the  leading 
man  in  a local  stock  company. 


Chicago  radio  was  strong  in  the 
early  1930s,  and  he  found  steady 
work  in  such  series  as  “Betty  and 
Bo.”  “Grand  Hotel."  and  as  “Mr. 
First  Nighfer"  on  “The  Little  The- 
ater off  Times  Square.” 

He  failed  a screen  test  at  MGM 
in  1935. 

“*1  saw  it  and  hated  iL"  he  said. 
“But  then  I found  later  that  1 hated 
everything  1 did." 

But  an  agent  showed  the  test  to 
Darryl  Zanuck,  chief  of  20th  Cen- 
tury Fox,  and  he  made  Mr.  Ameche 
the  busiest  actor  on  the  lot. 

He  proved  the  ideal  leading  man 
for  Loretta  Young  {“Ramona." 
“Love  Under  Fire”).  Betty  Grable 
{“Down  Argentine  Way."  “Moon 
Over  Miami")  and  especially  Alice 
Faye  |“In  Old  Chicago,"  “.Alexan- 
der’s Ragtime  Band.  “Hollywood 
Cavalcade”!. 

Mr.  Zanuck  cast  him  as  Stephen 
Foster  in  “Swanee  River"  and  as 
the  telephone  inventor  in  “The  Sto- 
ry of  Alexander  Graham  Bell." 

‘ Mr.  .Ameche  also  starred  oppo- 
site Claudette  Colbert  in  the  classic 
comedy  “Midnight"  in  1939.  She 
played' a penniless  American  girl  in 


Continued  from  Page  1 
Ivory  Coast,  he  was  elected  a depu- 
ty to  the  French  National  Assem- 
bly. 

He  gained  a reputation  by  secur- 
ing abolition  of  the  single  most 
unpopular  feature  of  colonial  rule, 
a Labor  law  that  allowed  French 
planters  to  conscript  workers  from 
any  village.  Mr.  Houpbouet- 


Boigny  allied  his  party  with  a new 
regional  movement  called  the  Afri- 
can Democratic  Rally.  The  rally,  of 
which  be  was  president,  generally 
voted  with  the  Communists  in  the 
French  Assembly,  but  after  they 
went  into  opposition  in  the  late 
1940$,  he  broke  off  with  them. 

By  this  time,  however,  be  bad 
become  feared  by  the  French  as  a 


/ > : 


dangerous  African  nationalist,  and 
in  1950,  after  an  outbreak  of  anti- 
colonial  violence  in  his  territory,  be 
was  ordered  arrested.  He  managed 
to  dip  away  minutes  before  the 
police  arrived  at  his  home  and  was 
nevr  imprisoned. 

But  once  independence  for  Ivory 
Coast  was  in  sight,  Mr.  Hdu- 
phoufit-Boigay  sought  to  continue 
close  cooperation  with  Paris.  In 
1956.  Guy  Moliei  named  him . a 
minister-delegate,  the  first  African 
in  a French  cabinet. 

Ivory  Coast  became  self-govern- 
ing within  the  French  community 
in  1958,  and  Mr.  HouphouSc- 
Boigny  became  prime  minister  in 
1959  and  president  of  an  indepen- 
dent Ivory  Coast  in  I960.  As  in 


many  African  countries,  he  sought 

to  keep  all  dissent  under  the  um- 
brella of  a angle  party.  He  often 
gave  opponents  patronage  jobs  in- 
stead of  jail  sentences.  Several  half- 
hearted coup  attempts  in  the  early 
1960s  were  easily  suppressed. 

In  international  relations,  Mr. 
Houphou&i-Boigny  often,  went, 
against  the  grain  in  Afcka.  In  the 
late  1960s  be  supported  the  unsuc- 
cessful Biafran  war  of  seccsaon 
from  Nigeria.  He  also  occasionally 


PP' 


sought  a dialogue  with  South  Afri- 
ca- m 1973,  however,  he  joined  oth- 
er African  nations  in  breaking  off 
relations  with  Israel,  ties  not  re- 
storedjmtfl  1985.  ' 

In  1983,  he  realized  a dream 
when  Yamoussouko,  Ins  birthplace 
and  the  seat  of  the  traditional  chief  r 
iaincy  of  the  Baule  ethnic  group, 
was  deagnaiad  the  country’s  new 
capital  by  the  ruling  party  as  “an 
expression  of  gratitude  from  the 
country  to  the  father  of  a nation." 

. Bui  soon  afterward,  his  populari- 
ty began  to  wane.  His  oft-repeated 
assertion  that  “not  a single  drop  of 
blood  has  been  spilled  in  his  coun- 
try since  Eve  been  president,”  was 
conclusively  disproved  in  the  late 
1980s.  Gvil  unrest  increased  after  a 
turn  for  the  worse  in  the  country’s 
economic  fortunes. 

Mr.  HouphouSt-Boigny  was  also 
widely  criticized  at  home  and 
abroad  for  his  decision  to  build  a 


Don  Ameche  made  a comeback 
in  the  movies  in  die  1980s. 


Banda  Resumes  Malawi  Leadership 


Paris  who  is  befriended  by  Mr. 
Ameche.  a taxi  driver. 

He  believed  that  his  Hollywood 
slide  began  when  he  refused  a 
three-year  extension  an  bis  Fox 
contract,  but  he  remained  active  in 
television  and  theater  until  ‘Trad- 
ing Places”  returned  him  movies. 

His  other,  later  films  include 
"Coming  to  America,”  “Harry  and 
the  Hendersons.”  and  “Oscar.” 


BLANTYRE.  Malawi  (Reuters)  — Malawi  state  radio  said  Tuesday 
that  President  Hastings  Kamuzu  Banda  had  resumed  his  duties  that 
the  three-man  council  that  ruled  while  be  recovered  from  brain  surgery 
had  been  dissolved. 

A statement  on  the  radio  said  that  Mr.  Banda,  who  is  believed  to  be  in 
his  mid-90s,  had  a clean  bill  of  health  from  his  doctors  to  return  to  office. 

The  Presidential  Council  was  appointed  in  mid-October  to  govern 
while  Mr.  Banda  recovered  in  Johannesburg  from  an  operation  to  remove 
water  on  the  brain.  But  it  Tan  into  opposition  from  the  National 
Consultative  Council,  a multiparty  body  set  up  to  prepare  for  the  first 
pluralist  elections.  When  the  army  cracked  down  last  week  cm  the  Young 
Pioneers  wing  of  the  ruling  Malawi  Congress  Party,  the  Consultative 
Council  called  on  the  Presidential  Council  to  give  up  power. 


*?C:'  **  . . v 


a '**■ -.»»;« . 


F6Kx  Hoapboogf-Boigny,  lead- 
er of  Ivory  Coast  since  1968. 


£200  Ttriffitm  Roman  Catholic  ba- 
silica, Our  Lady  erf  Peace  of  Ya- 
moussoukro, by  some  measures  the 
world’s  largest  Christian  church. 
He  said  it  was  bufli  with  his  own 
money. 

At  the  time  erf  his  death,  he  was 
the  third-longes  t-serving  leader  in 
the  world,  after  Presidents  Fidel 
Castro  of  Cuba  and  Kim  D Song, 
the  North  Korean  leader. 


BUSINESS  MESSAGE  CENTER 


READBtS  ARE  ADVISSt 

that  the  International 
Herald  Tribune  cannot  be 
hold  responsible  for  loa  or 
damage*  incurred  a*  a re- 
sult of  transactions  stem- 
ming from  advertisement* 
whkh  appear  in  our  paper. 
H is  thare/om  recommend- 
ed that  readers  make  ap- 
propriate inquiries  before 
uniting  any  money  or  en- 
tering into  any  binding 
commitments. 


I OGAJETTB  FOR  THE  PAOfK  HM 
Mine  Amsxcn  made  Atofcora 
oaaerrei,  Fa*  718^33-5^0  USA. 


HONG  KONG/MUPPINESs 
EUROPE/ RUSSIA 


YOUR  ENTRY  TO  TW  SC 
rt  TEC  factory  for  sale 


TRANSLATIONS 


BUSINESS 

OPPORTUNITIES 


Buyra  Mfing  ogert  wifi  own 
offices  m Hong  Kong,  Hilfppras. 


MALAGA.  SPAIN.  HwWy  dried  work 
fc<oe,  pioduas  to  ISO  sKnctords.  sal- 
able fw  ekm  Of  electronic  ossemttes. 
FAX  Dr.  KaH  Stoner 
Germany  4-49  89  280  3382 


and  land  offers  wuremg, 

cainfav  artroL  a’pervmar  o' 


We  wun  to  enter  into  coanhve*dwve 
rocrafnaunng  and  nKxVMng  kenec- 


ConroOi  for  CV  pniefrt-potrclfd  range 
ri  todusmed  produch  and  consumables. 


quq&fy  control,  npervour  o' 

jttnerf  and  povment. 

Fro  Svnraertand  (41)  *5  232  2&W 
Fax  Pht&ppinei  (63126  332  U S3 
Fa*  Hong  Kong  (B57J  452  67  38 


OFFSHORE  BANCS 
bnrwfate  cfeSvmy.  US  SI 5.000- up. 
Tek  44  071  394  S157. 


PROMOTIONAL  RIMS,  adv  bra- 
dura.  DCS.  let  Frcrxe  iProwast 
3M42I  53  59  Faw  44  21  39  66 


Products  are  rand  quafry  and  environ- 
ment related,  wifhool  hard  uAng  due 
to  aud  ROi.  w*h  automatic,  effortless 
toMowr-vp  odes 

This  is  a dead  Knout  long  terra  nfuv 


md  cooperation  proposal,  not  a fad 
mmey  idea  CWv  jenous  enquiries  weh 
f-.HI  certirv  and  complete  company 
prefile  -il  be  emwereri 

fax.  +»  93  38  8?  01 


IMPORT/EXPORT 


SALES  AGENTS  WANTED 

For  Europe's  fircl  Travel  Ccrd  «rwr 
ims  up  to  50%  rfacoun)  in  7 500 
Hot5s/le0  countries.  tegh  profit,  'ram- 
mum  investment  US52D00  to  ICO  cuds 
Many  evens  snS  open  for  reoresenmon 
EUROPtAN  T$AVB.  NETWORK 
Dared  30.Nl  101 2 Ansterdan. 

Tel  J120-622W7?  Fa*.  <>382271 


[ STOCK  EXCHANGE 

Offshore  Stock  Exchange  corporation 
wah  approvd  in  porripnl  la  plan  of 
Operahote.  Urvque  investment  opportu- 
ne CcntoO:  Mr.  Thomason  of 


BUSINESS  SERVICES 


FUNDS  AVAILABLE 


FINANCIAL  SERVICES 


ATTBrnON  EXECUTIVES 


TO  PURCHASE; 

'Lotto  of  Cm* 

‘ Bade  Guarantees 


SECURITY  AND 
SURVEILLANCE 


, 1 Other  AcceuAle  Colored 
* Backed  by  Pmute  tovrafcn 
THRU  MAJOR  NTL  BANKS 


PRIME  BANK 


INIHNA1KWAL  STRATEGY 


toi  l Invest.  Maud . (Bahamas] 

1 809-325-1 1267FAX  ACT -322091 9 


FRB«CH  COMPANY  seeto  501  LEVI 
jeare.  Ful  mnfcinera  wth  attficBte  of 
ongin  tmd  LTD  2 at  lets  lhan  USS20 
per  unit.  Send  ntfonnohon  to  Ftsu 
OT  42  7267  0* 


EMU-Q5TRIOMNVESTMBITS  Today'i 
Hue  Gup  lnv«>menti  loam  why 
mveston  from  al  wot  la  of  Me  are 
mmng  id  tfvs  lucrative.  100%  ntured 


investment  motoged  by  Exotic  Farm 
Inc  m Tens!  fanVo  return  e»- 


DYNAMIC  BUSNBS  in  lehroonmiuni- 
canon  tennees  seeking  dotnbutars  & 
agents  wcrtdMide.  Eanr  to  sell  Long 
term  profits.  Fro:  5f6-7vl -6728  USA. 


Effecnve  structures  osatiniy  devsed. 
established  and  ranged  for 
irtfemotoinaf  trade,  inve*iKra. 
financing,  rax  idaming  and  met 
protean)  bypwfified  lawyers  and 
aocointants.  Decndon  and  onorryimy 
guaranteed 


- FRENCH  PRIVATE  DETECTIVE  - 
htoMrtouaL  Al  muons  vKxkhndeL 
Teh  PotiP3-1[  47  tt?  82  93. 


CAPITAL  SUPPORT  CO*P. 

OS.  in  4)  7S7-1QTO  Fax  757-1270 


GUARANTEES 

Venture  Caplal  Sapnes  Finanae 
Rad  BfeSs  lonaTenn  Bounce 
aedhraeaaCoomores 
AITypmof  PiwkJi 
NoCdonraxt  IbtoFunded 
Broken  Prancnd 


te  the  bdemeKendl  Hsrted 
Tribaoe,  where  etere  than  a 
third  of  a mBHoe  readers 
woridwkh,  most  of  whom  ere 
la  hedgers  and  habstry.  wM 
read  ti.  Jest  Met*  us  (form 
613S9S)  before  10  an., 
tuning  Aar  we  net  Idee  ram 


CAPITAL  WANTED 


-jlVililt'Jilii 


GATEWAY  TO  TW  ORI9fT  Exporter  j 
nf  general  merttvmcMe  lows  S novel- 
ues.  Buy  dred  & seve  H.w  wjng 
Fat  852  545  4576.  USA  Fat  Sr-aT-  | ..Ve 


AGHfTS  WANT® 


U.5.  MANUFACTURER  SEEKS 
worktwide  dortwiton  for  patented 


7193.  U5A  Teh  ;i274f  -1212. 


are  now  rece-ong  appficatwns  from 


AMERICAN  MADE  APPUANCBS.  | 
■Amona,  Fnaonre.  .MomChei  Tel:  | 
212-285-1526  Fax  212-<%2-iS3o  LS»  ! 
PAMOEX  198  3roadv.cn  NY  NY  10038  I 


CHEAP  FOOD  5ucermcriei  J nm- 
fdoureis  returns.  USB?  Lev,  i 5CC  » 

; ret  fa.;  203-Q32  355J  USA 
- SOCCER  WORLDCUP  '94.  toe  ho. 


consulranfi  to  repeserii  us  » Western 
Europe  Legmrung  J.«jcrj  I99i. 

For  intonation  contact: 

USA  Manager.  Mr  Botha 
Deutehmcrh  fnveitments.  PLC 
oCO  Congress  Avenue.  Suite  1700 
Austin.  Texas  ."8701  LISA 
FAX:  512/795-8126  USA 


product  wfveh  ioatbri  (soccer)  fors 
wvl  want  With  our  "Klapper  you 
amply  wove  it  wto  one  hend  cod  n 


daps  louder  then  you  ran  dcp  with 
two  fiantfc,  Eccefcnr  prow  meter 
Team  logos  a names  cai  be 
impnnied  thaftoiul  or  team  colors 
ovmicUe-  Ternfic  far  professond. 
aolege  or  righ  tchod  sporting  events 
Fox  9WL7S0T793  USA. 


Inc.  m Texas!  fcxcetW  returns  e*- 
aeewd!  Cal  or  Fa>  Ait  Mas*  of  713- 

5898202  fa  oocfam 

OFFSHORE  BAMS,  compmes  and 
trust  fat  sde  Manage  busmen,  per- 
sond  affars,  pnvurety  / toy-true. 
Offshore  compotes  U5S3S0  offshore. 
Trust  S75a  Ofishoru  banks  S2J00. 
Conner.  Management  Services,  FOB 


SELL  AN  MCRBWIE  counterfeit 
detector  pen,  vrfech  «rarfa  wnh  143 
Jfferent  currencies.  Teh  Pit-425-1935. 
Fb*  914-425-1443  USA 


Corporate  Strategixb  Uatifad 
PO  Bor  No:  3301 
London  SV.12  BiD 
Fav-  {44)  81  675  6090 


NEW  WTL  TEOMCAL  PATENT  far  j 
sole  Purchaser  wH  gain  figh  cadi 
Row  & pood  In  advqitooes.  Reates  : 
to  Fan  (£093 01  15 7B  I 


6 5679,  B Dorado,  Panama  8A.  to 
public  of  Panama  rax.  [5071  27-1358. 


the  produen  you  reed.  CorJcO  3WC 
Fax  USA  pi  2i  5T3-0CO6. 


FRB4CH  TRADING  COMPANY  *el 
MtabUshed  in  EJLC  seeks  NEW 
INNOVATIVE  PRO0UCT5  fiom  USA. 
Hops  Kcng.  Ovna  era.,  to  present 


FOR  SALE:  RlCc  POWPESD  MlLk.  I end  se3  in  man  European  TV  stows. 


SALE 

Successful,  reseeded  Firm,  located 
Pnnceton.  NJ  Products  sold  to 
petroleum,  ermmerpql  and  industnd 


BUTT®,  SUGAR.  COFFEE.  Irfarmcrwr 
by  Fa.  Be^cm  f32  3 534  54  03 


send  pradu-ct  desc 
& cnee  far » Fa-: 


pi  — carnloque 
42  ."2  67  04 


I companies.  Hign  type  individual 
j ’(toured  Pracarty  included  USE  I 6M. 
fepfy  Box  5374.  MT.  850  Thud  Ave, 
Mi  H.  NY.  NY  10022  USA 


COMMERCIAL  8c  INVESTMENT  PROPERTIES  | 


RENTALS 


' CAMBRIDGE  UK  ■ SmoS  sun«  of  4 sea- 
cctotomed  offices  with  perinng  let 


toned  offices  with  pcr*in-  *;  let 
ca  wanting  pwd-e.ierTe  n UN 
a S3  3)0270  Fj.  44  223  250532 

SALES 


^ RENCH  RtVIOA  MARINA  MOTH. 
I Lovely  herd  near  Comes  beaches  & 

1 god  ccurse  Pool,  terms  court.  &baar 
: norma  Free  FFITM.  Raw  « rerarn 
I on  utwestmert  1 1%.  FRANCE  EUROPE 
Rinera  tfordv.  TeL  33-93  60  °I  26 
Fee  33-93  « 9J  Bf 


TEOWCAL  ANALYSE 
Canmtfonti:  far  odrae  aaderv' 
speculators  of  stocks  and  asmmodta. 
No  fees  or  cammsscrs.  Gam  shoe 
only-  Buy'sel  reccmmendanare  on  a 
nwununi  bass  oi  USSSOjXXI.  Good 
profit  opportunities.  Infanuitocie 
PO  Bax  47744803  ET  Breda  HcQcnd 
Fax:  ^31-70400508. 


FCR  SALE  SIGHT  SEHNG  COMPANY 
on  French  Km  era  offer  ng  low,  from 
fifce  or  Carxies  to  Monaco  MC  FF15 
rrnSoa  Buyer  weds  no  hence  or 
ortwr  requirements.  Tel:  33-9388  9711 

Fex  92  82  44  93 

5BHOUS  INVESTORS  REOUffi) 
Gfabd  Banting  faterwriand  offers 
umcjue  Inveamerfl  Opporfunly.  Far 
compfunentoi  infomuron  ccdr  con- 
tort Amsterdam  Tel:  +31-20  6077T30 

or  fax:  -r- 31-20-6077200 

WE  Off®  YOU  CONSTANT  SUPPLY. 
14.0?  tmicp  Denim  150cm  pUSSI.W/ 
meter  FOB  HKG  lx  40FT  cowcnar 
holds  3O.G00  meters  (not  available  far 
oowerws  with  quatoL  Please  fax  (B52) 

721  3298.  Mong  Kong. 

SMART  CONSUMBl  a*Va  senow 
buaness  Ctoporlunty  send  D check  o* 
postal  order  payable  to  S.  Givck, 
Maze!  House.  DEP  HP80.  63  The 
j&dgswcy,  Lrxkn  NW1 1 SOL  fa  aw 
nil  cofaur  broctiuie  now  I 


FOR  SALE:  Very  intnestm  and  already 
staled  wood  prosed  in  die  CorUsean. 
For  information:  B.C.L  Consrianti  Fax 

-t-3172^13366  HofaxL 

WANTS);  RNANONG  far  regufar, 
hm  nee  hmeiL  CoBaterah  aval- 
aUe.  Please  reply  tor  B.CJ.  Consul  lex  q 
Fox  4-3172613366  Hotoid. 
5TBL-ALUMINHJM  md  other  icetok 
Contaa  us  far  speoficMionL  Abo  ac- 
tive carbon.  Mr.  Henriben,  Fax  t47 

35  592  081. 

OFFSHORE  COMPANY:  JPCS  1/5 
Gtedi  Street.  Douglas,  Ue  of  Man. 


CAPITAL 

AVA0ABU 


FOR  ALL  BUSNESS  PROJECTS 
Mnimuai  US  S500JXXI  / No  maxmua 
IdfaniKAoo.  fas  Belgxim  32  2 5384771. 


lUmUfTAHYE 
Needed  to  RT  as  licfaai  far  n 
h Ihe  prooesdng  rtf  Ask  . 
ftorang  CMtoMima. 


tredi  card  you  with  to  thorps 

It  to.  the  eember  and 
expiration  date,  aadrnor 

iMaBMcnappMriidiM49 


address  and  telephone 
neefber  tar  eer  files. 


FUTO5  AVAILABLE 


IBTSB  OPCRBRT 
BANK  GUARANTQS 
OTHS  ACCffTABLE  C0UAI8UU. 
fafarmofion,  fax  Beigfaas  32  2 SMSeL 


GOLD*  CURRENCIES 


BUYING  GOLD  14-T8-24  CARAT 


Coll  Bods  Tefeftocne  System 
SSoue  65%  Plus  on  ImT  CdfcUSA  Dd 
Tone-All  Di^td  Dvaa  EhaMlntoed  fails 
Confident^ Fat  30S-373-2402  USA 


LEGAL  SERVICE  IN  DOiMARK. 
For  d your  needs  r bums  law, 
company  formation,  debt  CoSechan. 
mrttad  Mr.  Leon  Schytz.  Lawyer, 
Safitoorie  l DK-13Q7  Capestoqgen  K. 
Fax  45-13147404. 


CAPITAL  AVAILABLE 


1EARN  THE  TRUTH 
(bat  deal  Standby  Letters  of  Craft. 
An  bwasmd  Oaportumfyl  Why!  legal 
ftnpediuel  IsBriur  Boofa  vA  nfa 
m your  doe  cHgenae  immtfiatoaa  Tefe 
212/S647517Fm  212/Bw12USA 


FUNDMG  9ROSBiS  7 

VnAmCapM-  Equity  Uxmt 
RMlEstoki-Bm» 
Irosdng  • Long  Tern 
Prime  Bonk  Gotautoes 


fax  to  (32-2}  04  96  t5(M*«mi|. 


file  prejeds  onemged  tap 

Seesaw  of  Aiie 


FRANCE.  LYON.  ST  THEST.  IBhc 
, LAND,  atuid  be  perorted  dose  to 
motorway  A43  fasH.  5U1LDING  OF 
INDUSTRIAL  SITE  POSSSLE  TeL  (33) 
73  f 700  55.  Fax  63  TS  43  .'5  33 


! DOMAINS  & CHATEAUX  de  France 

Speaofal  rr  Scrim  of  Choreoux  m 
France,  mnevards.  Oxxeauj-Hateti 
Investment  opportunities.  Tet  (33) 
47  58  12  61.  Fa*.- 133}  47  50  21  13. 


INTL  SOCIETY  OF  HNANdHtS 
Professional  membership  network  far 
nxqor  pfayerv.  Fite  ■ 6-page  report. 
Tel:  704.252-5907,  Fee  7O«51-S061. 
JSF.POB  18508.  AshrvirXC  2BB14  US 


j BRANDED  FASHION  JEWELRY 

Company  a seefang  bread  detribufion 
| in  me  fbHowmg  motets:  Mexico. 
Ctmodj^Euape.  TVree  fax  (212)  714- 


2nd  TRAV&  DOCUMBdTS.  Driving  i- 
omces.  GM,  2 PeriUeous,  Voukiureni, 
Affinnr  16671,  Greece.  Fas  9962152 
EARN  12  TO  15%  RETURN  Mrimg 
safe,  low  nsk  loans  cm  US  Red  Es- 
tate.  BocMet.  ha  US:  3P383-9274 
OFFSHORE  COMPANB.  For  free 
brochure  or  advice  Tet  London 
4481741  1334  Foe 44  St  7486S6B 
COPTERS  M-17,  1993-1991  A RARE 
metals  & dure  fix  scrap.  Deed  frem 
Russia  EECGfax 3E-25K20 


Fax  45-331474Q4. 

YOUR  OWN  CANADIAN  PHONE 
number  & voce  maiL  Only  $24.95/ 
month!  Tcxorrto/ Ottawa.  Prexbre 
oddreges  dso  avattds.  MASiO. 
Convnuncntiani.  Teh  416-927-8026 

Fq»  416366-1406. 

TOO  BUSY  TO  IWD  177  let  SLEUTH 
End  4 _ far  youl  For  had-tofind 
infuaaotion.  <temi  & services  far  bus- 
neaes  & enMuah.  SLHJTW  Tel/Fax: 

410-992-5451  USA 

EMPIRE  STATE  8UKDNG  ADDRESS 
The  tnaet  ddfamedied  addrase  in  USfL 
MaJ.  Phare,  Su  Tel  pi 2)  7368072. 


VENTUffi  CAPITAL 


IMMEXATE I UNUMITB)  ** 

O'-  I l-LI- 

LQp»l  OYOPCw?  w 


CcnefaMii  eorned  ady  upen  FwxSnfl. 
Broker'}  Cbaeniaian  Aaured 


AJCG8HMA  Esffaitaion  eonrrtion  of 
umJetous  raw  smds.  FtooSfa  worfi- 

Mcamdotiai.  Uxw  cost.  Tel  France 
<7  58  12  61.  Fax  f33)  47  58  21  13 
BUTWG  GOLD-  nan  rofand  in  powder, 
Banna,  figgmetto  etc-  Al  oyanU- 
6a.  mate  oSn  by  fax  (32-3  SB  47 


ain 


US$  3M  cod  op  from  Pmdpri 


AIL  buetass  fxoiartif 
MW  Ui.  52  n±/no  twa 


TeL  (63-2) 


fas  (63-21  810-9284 
3-21  VlD^Oer  812- 


PURCHASE  AM)  SALE  of  currendes. 
Infansdioa  by  fat  (32-2)  538  47  91 


Straight  eqwrty  and/c 
•qaBy/dtHWtooi  hr 
dtrteyi  - etqtcerenH  - dardupiunl 


(717)397-7490  (US- FAX) 


SERVICED  OFFICES 


BMGOMSSaVKS  M 


AVAILABLE  fSOM  JANUARY  1994 
FOR  ANY  WORTHWHKE  VBflURE 


We  am  tteo  prorate  famt  fewb  on 
good  terrm  with  mranren  raeurBy 
thnwgh  prhrot*  TrasL 


FORWARD  PROJECT  OUTUNE 
NOW  TO  ' 


PROJECT  FUNDING  / ' VB4Tl«E 
CAPITAL  fan  US  SSOOjOOO  ipmds, 
no  mreewea  Srmble  rotes,  laadda 
lees.  Ancto  . American  Vfam  Hem 

FAX  44  TO  201377. 

CAPITAL  AVAILABLE  far  viable 
protects  world  wide,  fan  watove 
fafy  nupped  saanxs.  XepreMMhn 
rtan/Btl  KQQAB.  Foe  +46  31 
137165.  


SWITZERLAND  . 

HctyqmESedPMSCPAkr ' 
Swazsriml  far  toe  fad  14  yarn* 
aftn  sorekesto  open  BaJcAccaunfs 
far  fautmen  or  private  imestmetto. 
Al  otoer  penowd  mdadidMiaf 
services  ottered.  ExceBent  axeods. 


YOUR  ATHENS  OfflCE 


Write P.a Bar  jzrai  Gemo  17 
or  far  +41034983  91 


I Execlirre  Servian  Athens  Tower  B. 
0141527  AtonraGraeoe.  Tet  7796232 
Trim  7142Z7QSE.  Telefax:  7795509 
Eecdte  Offices  ond  Busmen  Center 


(YtXS  JUMU  near.  Onryn 


LADES  WINTBL  BOOTS:  Ffah  qu% 
leather,  faly  Ened.  London  Tet  44  71 


leather,  faly  Ened.  London  TeL 
724  9648  Ft»  44  71  706 1560 


Fox.- 12121 SU-113S- 

HXUNG  PLUS:  bwmen.  oeudemic 
persond  etftmg/writing.  PhD.  Phone/ 


MVE5TMB4T  SUISSE  SJL 

BdWxAtranr  86 
6001  Zurich. 


FUNDS  AVAILABLE  frembanb  md 
pnvate  investors  for  ol  finanana  let- 
ter of  credit,  invoice  eSseatm,  bank 
gucranne  ete_  IrfOnixAw  by  fa* 
Sebum)  32  2 538  47  91. 


FBMNOAL  6IUUIMH5  We  can 
pevide  Craft  Ednaner  kotos-' 
meats  far  project  fmondna.  SIM  nov 
Teb4tP-e3mibeW3fe5«4US 


. ISF.taxtlfjn  5 me  cf Arton  __ 

IPteruTd  (ll*3S9<tQ4  Fax  *2562835 
YOUR  OfflCE  LONDON  70p  per 
day.  Afcd.  Phaoe;  focTkdl tenets*. 
ttlfli  0766  ftst/1  560  3729. 


BUSINESS  OPPORTUNITIES 


COMMERCIAL  & INVESTMENT  PROPERTfES 


OSTWOK  SA 


As  a solid,  financially  sound  Swiss  trading  company,  we  have 
• the  exclusive  worldwide  production,  distribution  and 
*■*  - marketing  rights  regarding  the  original  SOVIET 

--  MILITARY  WATCHES  from  the  sole  official  equlpper  of 
the  former  Soviet  armed  forces.  The  official  watch 
- supplier  to  the  Soviet  army  developed  Komandlrskle 
series  tor  the  troijps  of  each  branch  of  service,  e.g.  lor 
the  officers  of  the  Air  Force.  Navy,  infantry  and  artlfle- 
ry.  for  submarine  crews,  paratroops  and  tank  crews. 
* * etc. 


My  name  is  POULRO. 

I am  the  first  natural  coldpack  of  the 
world.  I will  help  immediately  with 
sports  injuries,  rheumatism  etc. 

I am  looking  for  Top  Sales  People, 
who  want  to  earn  a lot  money  with  me. 
(No  mediators,  please) 

More  Information  tom  Fax-Cermany: 

P OLARO  -Promotion  004982  131  2018 


UK  & OFFSHORE 

LIMITED  COMPANIES 
BY  LAWYERS 
LOWEST  ANNUAL  FEES, 


TRJLVEI*  BUSINESS  - c 


The  fltsf  collection  has  been  selling  very  successfully  In  the 
- world’s  toughest  watch  market  (Switzerland)  for  a few 
' weeks  already.  Within  a single  month,  14  countries 
have  been  won  for  the  distribution  of  the  OSTWOK 
brand. 


• F-subliNte.il  j)  Years  • MulU-iulional  & Gvmi.  Clicruele 

• Over  JO  Stiff  • 2 Locations 

■ PiufiLilifa,  wuhTumoier  Exceeding  USS  12m,  pa 

• Quilifles  l»  Lv;  ftoilLil 

Owners  wishing  ro  retire  - Outstanding  nppominitj  for  qualified  prospect 
Price  US$750,000  plus  assets  (negotiable) 

SmJ  cxprcutaii  of  I meres:  detailing  qualifications  to- 

1 — , "Tsxrzr r\  P O_  bqx  476 Singapore  Q/7J’  = 


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International  Herald  Tribune 
Wednesday,  December  8, 1993 
Page  9 


Jose  Van  Dam,  in  the  title  role  of  Lully’s  “ Roland m at  the  Th&dtre  des  Champs-Elysees. 


Boston  Symphony  and  Berlioz:  Happy  Match 


By  David  Stevens 

international  HenkLTrOme 


PARIS  — The  Boston  Symphony  is 
generally  considered  the  most 
French  of  American  orchestras  and 
its  Berlioz  credentials  axe  wHfl.  bui- 
lt was  stiH  a bold  and  onaginative  stroke  to 
come  to  Pads  an  its  current  Enpopean  tour 
with  an  all- Berlioz  program  in  large  part 
unfamiliar  to  even  a French  anrKfoncft, 


critics  and  phiQistines.  The  work  ends  in  the 
haunting  choral  fantasia  on  Shakespeare's 
“The  Tempest.” 


It  was  the  entire  “Episode  in  an  Artist’s 
Life,”  consisting  of  the  Symphonic  F-antasti- . 
que,  which  is  familiar  enough,  followed  by 
the  strange  weak:  Berlioz  meant  to  be  the 
sequel  and  pendant  to  the  symphony,  **L&- 
Ho”  or  “The  Return  to  life,”  for  narrator, 
tenor,  had  tone,  chorus  and  orchestra,  which 
is  almost  never  performed.  .. 

He  called  it  a m&otogue  or  mpmdnme 
tyrique,  a quasi- theatrical  mixed  bag  of  spo- 
ken text  and  music,  divided  into  six  dramat- 
ically varied  numbers  »«mg  music  retrieved- 
from  earlier  works  of  his  own  unknown  to 
the  public.  Berlioz's  spoken  text  is  many 
things  — romantic  art  manifesto,  thinly 
disguised  autobiography,  admiration  bf 
Shakespeare  and  Beethoven,  attacks  on 


The  symphony  is  the  transformation  into 
art  of  his  obsession  with  the  actress  Harriet 
Smithson.  “Lffio”  is  the  anecdotal  declara- 
tion of  his  recovery  and  return  to  the  world 
of  music.  The  first  performance  of  the  two 
wcaks  -togaher,  in  1832,  was  apparently  a 
sensational  artistic  happening  and  crucial  to 
Berlioz  — launching  him  as  a recognized 
compos**  and  fatefully  uniting  him  within  a 
year  with  Miss  Smithson  in  a not  very  happy 

marriagw 


while  Francois  Le  Roux's  lightish  baritone 
mainly  disappeared  in  ihegcnera]  brouhaha 
of  the  brigands’  chorus.  The  Radio  France 
chorus  was  a source  of  musical  strength. 


Works  that  sought  to  unite  spoken  texts 
with  music  were  fairiy  common  then,  and  the 
Paris  audience  of  the  time  would  have  got  all 
the  references  hr  the  lexL  But  today  iz  seems 
to  be  just  a period  piece,  interesting  only 
because  it  is  by  Berber. 

Yet  somehow  it  was  pulled  off  nicely  at  the 
ThMtre  des  Champs-Hystes  on  Sunday, 
thanks  largely  to  the  judkaoilS  mixture  of 
passion  and  humor  in  Lambert  Wilson’s  nar- 
ration, neatly  dovetailing  with  Seiji  Ozawa’s 


by  an  atmospheric  semi-staging.  Vinson  i 
sang  die  tenor  solos  with  poise  and  elegance, 


PAR]  S has  become  used  to  an  almost 
annual  Lully  fix  in  the  six  years 
since  William  Christie  and  Jean- 
Marie  ViHegicr  showed  with  “Atys” 
that  the  composer's  lyric  tragedies  could' be 
made  meaningful  to  contemporary  audi- 
ences. 

_ They  are  not  automatic  hits,  however,  as  is 
demonstrated  tnr  the  third  production  in  the 
Th4&tre  des  Champs-Elystes  Lully  series. 
“Roland”  is  the  last  but  one  in  the  successful 
collaboration  of  Lully  and  Quinault,  but  it 
has  its  problems.  One  is  the  didactic  confron- 
tation of  the  concepts  of  love  and  glory. 
Another  is  a title  character  — the  opera  is 
one  of  the  many  based  on  Ariosto's  “Orlan- 
do Furioso”  — who  does  not  show  up  until 
Act  2 and  then  goes  into  one  long  losing 
streak  in  the  love  department  before  picking 
up  his  sword  and  going  back  to  the  wars. 

Jose  Van  Dam  sang  strongly  and  acted 
diligently,  as  ever,  in  this  losing  cause,  and 
Ann  Panagulias,  V&ronique  Gens,  Harry  Ni- 
coll  and  Gilles  Ragon  sang  admirably  in 


ery. 


Rock  and  Rap:  J.  Spreads  His  Word 


By  Laura  Colby 

International Rerakt  Tribune 


PARIS —A  few  years  ago, 
Jens  MflUer  wasn't  very 
different  from  other  East 
German  teenagers.  JHe 
worked  as  an  apprentice  in  a state- 
owned  computer-chip  factory,  de- 
scribed himself  as  apolitical,  and 
played  drums  in:-aja&  band  in. 
East  Berlin;  (tee  thing  chafed  on 
Mm:  The  idea  of  not  bang  allowed 
to  travd  to  the  West. 

It  was  only  after  theBerim  Wa& 
came  down  that  Muffler  had- his 
political  awakening.  ■ •- 

Today,  at  23,  his  name  shortened  ’ 
to  J.,  be  is  building  an  international 
reputation  for  his  protest  music. 
Sung  in  coDoqmal  blade  English,'  it 
is  a mixture  of  rap  and  row.  Bob 
Dylan  meets  Ice  T.  When  he’s  not 
making  music,  J.  is  pubtishmg.a 
newsletter  devoted  to  exposing  the 
resurgence  of  the  far  right  in  Ger- 
many, whose  government,  he  says; 
is.  at  worst,  aiding  the  rise,  and  at 
best,  doing  nothing  to  stop  it. 

“When  the  Wall  fed,  we  wanted 
to  remake  the  country,  to  open  op 
to  the  world,”  says  J.  “Instead,  we 
just  got  a new  set  of  leaders  who  are 
idling  us  to  do  things  their  way." 


J.  is  hardly  nostalgic  for  the  days 
undo-  Erich  Honecker.  But  his 
hopes  for  freedom  under  a new  re- 
gime have  been  dariied.  Instead,  he 
sees  in  German  unity  some  ominous 
Minings:  the  resutgence.of  rightist 
demqify.  that  had  been  fapt  on  the 
fringes  of  society  in  Germany  since 
the  war,  a growing  nationalism 
among  the  ruling  classes,  and 
among  those  bis  own  age,  _an  alarm- 
ing increase  in  the; far-right  skm-„ 
b£ads,fed  by  growing  tanks  of  the" 
. unanpHoycd  hi  (lie  East,  who.  are 


: Li  who  writes  music  and  lyrics, 
rings,  plays  guitar,  bass,  drums  and 
keyboards  on  his  recordings,  matte 
his  first  album -last  year,  produced 
by  the  American  Jack  Riefey,  who 
has  worked  with  the  Bear*  Boys, 
and  Kod  and'  The  Gang.  Called 
~We  Are  the  Minority”  (Pdydor), 
h boasts  songs  with  titles. like 
“Born  on  the  Wrong  Side  - of 
.Town,”X‘They  canK  and  promised 
liberty  ...  bm  all  they  defivwed 
'is  poverty”)  and  “The  Beast  No 
One  Ever  Tamed,”  which  compares 
Germany’s  rulers  to  the  Gestapo. 

Another  song,  “First  TTiey 
Came,”  uses  a text  written  fay  Mar- 
tin Nierodlkr.  a victim  of  the  Na- 
zis, winch  begins  “First  they  came 
for  Lhe  Jews,  and  I did  not  speak 


out  because  I was  not  a Jew”  and 
ends  with  “and  then  they  came  for 
me.  And  there  was  no  one  left  to 
speak  exit  for  me” 

Despite  tire  dramatic  lyrics  and 
the  angry-sounding  music,  in  per- 
son J.  is  polite  and  soft-spoken,  a 
blue-eyed  waif  with  long,  jet-black 
hair.  He  speaks  matter-of-factly 
about  his  country  in  unaccented 
English-  “Germany  wants  to  be  a 
-superpower  — not  Eke-  America 
used  to  he,  pulling  .in  to  trouble 
spots  and  then  puffing  out-  They 
rally  want  to  control  the  world.” 

Deciding  Iris  records  alone 
weren’t  enough  to  spread  the  word, 
he  started  a newsletter  called  Ger- 
many. Alert  two  yeas  ago.  The 
weekly  newsletter  is  intended  as  a 


eraments  and journalists  i 
Israel  Singer,  secretary-general 
of  the  World  Jewish  Congress,  says 
of  J.:  “He’s  a phenomenon.”  A 
reader  of  Germany  Aten,  Singer 
says,  “There  are  things  in  U that 
alert  me  to  subjects  I wouldn't  have 
- known  about  otherwise.  For  a sing- 
er to  alert  somebody  in  politics  to 
things  that  are  happening  in  poli- 
tics is  a great  compnmeaL” 

J.’s  moral  outrage  doesn't  always 
win  him  fans.  He  gets  little  airplay 
in  Germany,  where  criticism  of  re- 


unification doesn’t  go  over  weQ. 
particularly  from  someone  who  no 
longer  Eves  in  the  country.  After  be 
appeared  on  MTV,  which  bills  him 
as  the  “first  hip-bop  opponent  of 
German  racism,”  accusing  the  gov- 
ernment of  encouraging  anti-for- 
eigner violence,  Bonn  demanded 
equal  air  time  and  made  an  angry 
rebuttal  on  the  channel 

And  last  year,  J.  and  his  manager 
were  held  at  gunpoint  and  beaten  in 
their  Paris  apartment  by  German- 
speaking thugs  who  ransacked  the 
place  but  took  only  lyric  sheets, 
demo  tapes  and  music  parapherna- 
lia. The  case  is  still  unsolved. 

J.  is  currently  at  work  on  a sec- 
ond album,  for  release  next  year, 
called  “We  Are  Everywhere,"  and 
is  considering  moving  to  the  States. 
He  can’t  see  himself  living  in  Ger- 
many again,  and  security  there  is  a 
problem  — his  concerts  have  been 
threatened  by  neo-Nazi  groups. 

“All  the  things  from  the  Nazi 
times,  the  attacks  on  foreigners  and 
Jews,  it's  all  happening  again”  says 
J.  “We  need  to  remind  the  world." 
About  those  who  accuse  him  of 
overdramatizing  current  events  in 
Germany,  be  says:  “If  they  really 
bad  a clear  conscience,  they 
wouldn't  mind  being  reminded  of 
the  past” 


Jens  Muller,  a/k/a  J. 


BOOKS 


LUTECEs 

A Day  in  the  Life  of  Ameri- 
ca’s Greatest  Restaurant 


By  Irene  Daria.  230 pages.  $23. 
Random  House. 


Reviewed  by 
Jonathan  YardJey 


MERICA’S  greatest  restau- 


J.  AlOUli  • wi-j™  —1  “ J—  

that  the  finest  of  all  “American 
restaurants  is  one  that  quite' un- 
ashamedly celebrates  and  perpetu- 
ates the  haute  cuisine  of  Fiance;  not 
merely  that,  but  one  in  which  all  but 
a privileged  handful  of  Americans 
would  feel  out  of  place  and  m winch 
the  pockelbooks  of  most  Americans 
woxJdbe  strained  well  past  the 
breaking  point. 

No.  Lut&ce  in  New  York  is  in- 
disputably a great  restaurant  t (■£ 
« * « — nmnM  dV  lfft  time  hss 


passed)  but  it  is  “American”  only 
m location. 

So  why  a book  abom  Lutixe? 
Why  should  Americans  he  interest- 
ed  in  an  inside  account  of  the  work- 
ings of  a place  that  almost  none  of 
them'  wfii  ever  visit?  Wen,  apart 
from  the  obvious  explanation  that 
people  love  to  read  abom  the  eEte 
ana  exotic,  the  answer  is  that  when 
yon  cut  away  all  the  Frenchy  frou- 
frou, Luttoe  is  in  essence  a restau- 
rant Eke  any  other,  its  daily  life  both 
familiar  and  mysterious  to  nnOions 
of  ns.  We  wonder  how  a restaurant 
works  just  as  we  wonder  about  the 
inner  operations  of  a car  dealership 
or  a supermarket  or  a brewery. 

So  here  comes  Irene  Daria  with 
the  answers.  Her  portrait  of  Lui£ce 
and  its  celebrated  chef-owner,  An- 
dr£  Soltner,  is  Mty  rounded  and 
amply  detailed. 

Soltner,  born  six  decades  ago  in 
Alsace,  he  gravitated  to  cooking 
early  and  has  stayed  there  ever 
ginrw  He  has  been  in  the  United 


States  for  about  half  his  life,  begin- 
ning with  the  opening  of  Luifcce  in 
February  1961.  He  began  as  chef, 
with  the  promise  of  being  made 
partner,  and  became  Ml  owner  a 
decade  later.  He  runs  the  restau- 
rant with  the  help  of  his  wife,  Si- 
mone; despite  the  occasional  rocky 
moment. they  run  it  as  a family, 
with  remarkably  tittle  turnover  in 
personnel  and  with  corresponding- 
ly high  staff  morale. 

Lotitee  has  29  tables  that  can  seat 
75  customers.  “On  the  breakdown 
sheets  for  a recent  lunch  and  din- 
ner ” Daria  writes,  “total  sales  for 
lunch  came  to  about  $4,600  and  for 
dinner  to  about  $13,770.  These  are 
pretty  standard  amounts  for  Lu- 
tAce  and  bring  the  restaurant's  an- 
nual sales  in  at  Andris’ s confirmed 
$4  mOEon  pins.”  Soltner  pays  him- 
self S99iOD  and  Simone  $49,600; 
“a  prominent  industry  analyst  told 
mtf  that  other  restaurateurs  of 
Andr&’s  stature  earn  a solid 
$500,000  per  year." 


The  disparity  seems  to  have  a 
couple  of  explanations.  One  is  that 
Soltner  isn’t  in  it  for  the  money; 
the  other  is  that  he  pays  his  staff 
well  and  has  a generous  benefits 
program.  “I  am  a craftsman."  he 
says.  “I  don’t  want  to  raise  my 
prices.  I want  to  cook,  to  have 
customers,  to  make  enough  money 
to  pay  my  staff  good  and  have 
enough  money  left  for  me.  Bui 
that’s  iL  I don’t  have  the  need  for 
so  much  money.”  All  of  which  is 
admirable,  though  readers  do  well 
to  bear  in  mind  that  the  prix  fixe 
cost  of  huch  is  $38  and  dinner 
$60,  plus  wine  (the  cheapest  goes 
for  about  $30  a bottle)  and  all 
those  tantalizing  Utile  extras,  like 
salads  and  aperitifs  — not  to  men- 
tion tips  for  the  waiter  (15  per- 
cent) and  the  captain  (5  percent). 


as  well  as  the  inescapable  slices  for 
the  mayor  and  the  governor. 

How  the  food  gets  to  the  custom- 
er is  an  elaborate  and  entirety  fasci- 
nating story  that  has  a huge'  cast. 

The  logistics  of  all  this,  as  Daria 
says,  “seemed  overwhelming,"  yet 
Soltner  and  his  staff  carry  them  off 
not  merely  with  aplomb  but  also 
with  plenty  of  room  Tor  improvisa- 
tion and  last-minute  decisions.  Nev- 
er having  supped  at  one  of  their 
tables  — having  indeed,  a distaste 
for  exclusive  restaurants — 1 cannot 
give  personal  testimony  to  this,  but 
after  reading  Daria’s  fine  book  1 fed 
entirely  competent  to  do  so. 


Jonathon  Yardley  is  on  the  staff  of 
The  Washington  Post. 


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Zappa’s  Talent  for  Fun 


By  Mike  Zwerin 

InterwHoruil  Herald  Tribune 


Pierre  Boulez  conducted  the  prestigious  Ensemble 
Interconictnporain  performing  several  of  his  classical 
compositions,  “Naval  Aviation  in  Art?”  for  one.  “I 
stumbled  cm  an  old  Life  magazine  that  had  paintings 


AT  THE  AGE  of  14.  Frank  Zappa  was  living  done  by  guys  on  warships.planes  going  down  and 
in  a “little  stinky  cowboy  town”  called  El  stuff  like  that.”  he  explained.  “It  was  headed  “Naval 
Cajon,  near  San  Diego,  playing  snare  drum  Aviation  in  An.'  Are  we  supposed  to  take  that  serious- 
in  the  junior  high  school  orchestra.  He  was  jy  0r  what?  I added  the  question  mark." 
bored,  always  counting  rests,  until  one  day  be  walked  ' |n  1989.  Tie  Financial  News  Network  invited 
into  a record lore  in  neighboring  La  Mesa  and  was  Zappa-Dada  to  talk  about  how  to  develop  trade  with 
“bowled  over”  by  a hi-fi  demonstration  recording  — Soviet  Union  on  cable  TV.  He  suggested  cx- 
"The  Complete  Works  of  Edgard  Varese,  VoL  l.”  changes  of  information  through  satellite  hookups, 
which  was  “swimming  in  percussion.”  Perhaps  they  remembered  that  he  had  said:  “If  the 

Several  ^months  later  he  bought  Stravinsky's  “Rite  Nazis  had  had  television  with  satellite  technology, 
of  Spring,”  Those  were  “the  only  two  albums  I owned,  we’d  all  be  goose-stepping." 
everything  else  was  R&B  singles  by  people  like  the  The  FNN  sent  him  to  Czechoslovakia  to  discuss 
Orchids.  My  friends  would  come  to  my  house  and  I'd  economics  with  president  Vaclav  Havel  shortly  after 
say.  Hey.  listen  to  this.’  and  they’d  say'.  Take  that  off.  the  Velvet  Revolution.  ( Havel  told  him  he  knew  “Bon- 
You're  crazy.’ ” ‘ go  Fuiy,”  his  album  with  Captain  BeefhearL  but 

He  taught  himself  the  guitarfand  later  composition)  apologized  for  not  being  familiar  with  more  recent 
and  formed  his  first  band,  the  Black-Outs,  while  in  work  because  he  had  been  in  prison).  When  1 imer- 


Mtos  HC  srpiffloJ 


He  was  no  freak. 
He  was  a sharp 
analvzer  of 


other  roles  under  Rene  Jacobs's  expert  direc- 
tion. But  Gilbert  Deflo's  staging  in  William 
Orlandi’s  sets  and  costumes  was  stuck  in  a 
kind  of  shop- window  baroquerie  too  literal 
to  be  hetpfuL 

At  tire  Opera  Bastille.  Offenbach  is  on 
hand  until  Jan.  12  with  “Les  Brigands”  as  the 
year-end  entertainment.  This  was  the  com- 
poser’s last  big  success  before  the  Fran  co- 
Prussian  War  sent  Napoleon  Iff  down  the 
drain  and  with  it  the  society  that  supplied 
Offenbach  with  such  rich  material  for  mock- 


sociefc 


Why  “Les  Brigands”  is  not  as  well  known 
as  his  more  familiar  operettas  from  the  1 860s 
is  not  clear,  but  it  deserves  to  be.  The  zan> 
and  explosion-filled  production,  from  the 
Netherlands  Opera,  is  staged  by  Jerome  Des- 
champs  and  Macba  Makeieff.  with  clever 
sets  by  Fran^oise  Darne. 

The  apparently  indestructible  Michel  Sen- 
echal  husbands  His  voice  carefully  and  enjoys 
himself  as  the  bandit  chief.  Michele  La- 
grange. Doris  LamprechL  Jules  Bastin.  Ry- 
land  Davies  and  Daniel  Galvez-Vallejo  are 
in  fine  vocal  and  comic  form  in  other  major 
parts.  Louis  Langree  conducts  with  the  req- 
uisite verve. 


high  school  in  Lancaster,  Califor- 
nia. “A  few  of  the  guys  bldcked-ouf 
drinking  peppermint  schnapps.” 
he  said.  “It  was  the  only  R&B  band 
in  the  entire  Mojave  desert.  There 
were  three  blacks,  two  Mexicans, 
and  Terry  Wimberly  represented 
the  other  oppressed  peoples  of  the 
earth.” 

.After  what  be  called  a “dismal 
tenure”  with  a band  called  Joe  Per- 
ino  & The  Mellotones,  be  quit  mu- 
sic to  become  a part-time  college 
student  and  greeting  card  artist  and  then  talked  Paul 
Buff,  owner  of  a small  recording  studio  in  Cuca- 
monga. into  making  a jazz  record.  T can't  remember  if 
1 ever  charged  Frank  any  money,  or  if  he  even  had 
any,"  Buff  told  Billboard  magazine,  “but  we  kind  of 
worked  together  and  recorded  some  jazz  things.  He 
went  up  to  Hollywood  regularly  and  tried  to  sell  'em. 
And  nobody  was  interested,  basically.” 

This  may  account  for  one  in  his  long  line  of  memo- 
rable sound  bites:  “Jazz  isn't  dead,  it  just  smells 
funny.”  Somewhat  kike  John  Cage,  w’hai  Frank  Zappa 
said  was  often  more  interesting  ihan  [he  music  he 
made.  Basically  he  kept  writing  the  same  tune  for  30 
years;  or  Lhree  tunes  if  you  divide  his  career  into  rock, 
classical  composition,  and  Digital  Synclavier  periods. 
Not  everybody  will  agree  with  that,  of  course,  but  one 
nice  thing  about  Zappa  was  that  the  last  thing  he 
wanted  was  for  everyone  to  agree. 

Zappa,  who  died  Saturday,  was  a hot  talker  and  a 
gifted  publicity  man  and  his  syntax  need  minimal 
editing.  He  ran  a slew  of  corporations  involving  his 
music  and  related  projects  and  was  totally  comfort- 
able carrying  an  aitachi  case.  He  ran  his  band.  The 
Mothers  of  invention,  like  a well-organized  business. 

The  man  who  made  albums  with  names  like  “Wea- 
sels Ripped  My  Flesh”  and  “Burnt  Weenie  Sandwich” 


and  wrote  a song  called  “Don't  You  Ever  Wash  That 


Frank  on  his  way  back  from 
Prague  to  L A.,  i asked  him  how 
come  the  harried  president  had 
time  to  talk  to  a rock  musician. 
Zappa  took  umbrage:  “Why  does 
it  seem  so  strange  to  you  that  Va- 
clav Havel  would  want  to  spend 
time  with  me?  What's  wrong  with 
me?” 

You  tended  to  be  on  the  defen- 
sive interviewing  Frank,  who 

claimed  he  was  treated  badly  by 

journalists  because  they  were  jeal- 
ous that  he  made  more  money  than  they  did  and  could 
even  call  his  own  shots.  He  reserved  all  his  rights  and 
financed  and  managed  his  own  products  as  much  to 
keep  free  of  record-company  censorship  as  for  the 
money.  On  the  other  hand,  he  went  out  of  his  way  to 
be  interviewed.  He  had  called  meat  home  the  morning 
he  arrived  in  Paris  and  picked  me  up  ji  a club  near  the 
Champs-Elysees  in  a limo  that  night. 

“1  don't  mean  you  personally.”  I lied. 

“Yes  you  do."  he  snapped. ’“I've  been  asked  that 
same  question  in  various  forms  since  1 went  there. 
People  are  shocked  that  anybody  of  importance  would 
spend  any  time  talking  to  me."’ 

Being  the  victim  of  a self-constructed  image 
wrought  with  ambiguity  and  irony  somehow  surprised 
him.  Perhaps  this  was  His  most  attractive  facet,  he  laid 
down  this  big  power  trip  and  yet  he  was  totally 
vulnerable.  This  was  the  guy  who  named  his  kids 
Moon  Unit  and  Dweezil  and  then  became  aggressive 
with  those  who  were  “shocked”  when  “important" 
people  talked  and  listened  to  him.  Which  they  did. 

It  was  hard  to  tell  image  from  reality  when  he 
recorded  “Valley  Girl”  about  vacuous  teenagers  in 
San  Fernando  Valley  with  Moon  Unit  singing  “Last 
idea  to  cross  her  mind  / Had  something  to  do  with 
where  to  Find  / A pair  of  jeans  to  fit  her  butt  / And 


Thing?"  was  “not  really  a strange  fellow,”  says  Glenn  The  record  sold  big.  Is  that  a sellout,  satire  or  just  the 
Ferris,  who  played  trombone  with  him  for  a year.  “He  ,nw  'an0 


where  to  gel  her  toenails  cut.”  She  became  a celebrity. 
The  record 
last  laugh? 


was  no  freak.  He  was  a sharp  analyzer  of  society  and 
he  knew  how  to  incorporate  his  insights  into  his  work. 
He  could  have  been  a good  banker  or  real  estate 
operator.  But  he  had  this  incredible  musical  talent,  he 
created  a unique  and  profound  synthesis  of  American 
and  European  influences  with  what  I call  his  Zappa- 
Dada  technique." 

He  “played”  a bicycle  on  Stew  Allen’s  TV  show  and 
cued  a performance  of  one  of  his  orchestral  works 
conducted  by  Zubin  Mehta  with:  “Hit  iL  Zubin!" 


Sutherland’s  Uneasy  Role 


By  Celia  Dugger 

New  York  Times  Service 


NEW  YORK  — Donald  Sutherland  has 
played  sinister  villains,  off-the-wall  odd- 
balls and  anguished  heroes,  but  rarely  in 
his  63  film  performances  has  he  played  a 
character  so  uncomfortably  like  himself. 

In  “Six  Degrees  of  Separation,"  the  film  version  of 
the  1990  John  Guam  play  about  a young  man  who 
cons  an  Upper  East  Side  couple,  he  is  Flan  Kittredge, 
a high-class  art  dealer  who  has  turned  his  love  of 
painting  into  commerce. 

Sutherland,  a serious  actor,  hawks  Volvos  in  voice- 
overs for  television  advertisements. 

When  he  first  read  Guare’s  screenplay  for  the  mov- 
ie, which  was  directed  by  Fred  Scheplsi  and  opens 
Wednesday,  the  character  of  Flan  alienated  him. 

“Maybe  be  was  too  dose  to  me,"  said  the  actor,  his  6- 
fooMf  1. 93-meter)  frame  tucked  into  a darkened  comer 
of  Jo-Jo,  a restaurant  in  New  York.  “Maybe  the  idea  of 
that  kind  of  personal  failure  plagues  me.  Maybe  living 
hand-to-mouth  on  that  levd  plagues  me." 

At  the  age  of  58,  the  Canadian  actor  still  needs  to 
work.  Last  year  he  was  in  “Buffy  the  Vampire  Slayer,” 
a frothy  comedy  for  teenagers,  and  “Benefit  of  the 
Doubt/  a thriller  that  flopped.  He  is  now  playing  an 
aging  Confederate  captain  in  a CBS  production  of 
"The  Oldest  Living  Confederate  Widow  Tells  AH" 
He  stiH  has  three  sons  to  support,  one  at  Princeton 
and  two  at  home  with  the  woman  he  has  lived  with  for 
22  years  and  refers  to  as  his  “belle  amour,’'  the  French 
Canai-tii  n actress,  Francine  Recede.  His  eldest  son  is 
Kiefer  Sutherland,  who  earns  bis  living  in  Hollywood. 

The  actor  also  has  a farm  in  Quebec  and  a house  in 
Paris,  and  he  is  not  unknown  in  nice  restaurants.  But 
he  still  has  what  be  calls  a “huge  financial  insecurity,” 


“And  when  you’re  58  years  old,  you  don't  want  them 
to  have  to  sell  a house  when  you  die,”  he  said.  “Which 
gets  back  to:  ‘Are  you  honest  with  your  work  and  do 
you  only  do  the  work  you  want  to  do?  Or  do  you  work 
for  money?’  On  many’ levels.  I’m  a gun  for  hire.” 

But  the  actor,  who  has  had  memorable  roles  in 
many  movies,  including  “M*A*S«H."  “Khite,” 
“Don’t  Look  Now”  and  “Ordinary  People,”  was  also 
quick  to  add:  “I  have  always  wanted  to  be  an  actor, 
and  I have  done  what  I wanted  to  do.  Every  character 
that  I made,  I didn’t  do  it  cheaply.  Sometimes  the 
work  doesn't  have  the  dignity  I like  to  vest  myself  fit, 
but  I tried  as  hard  as  I could.” 

Last  year  he  drove  more  than  10  hours,  from  Cana- 
da to  New  York  Gty.  to  talk  to  Schepisi  about  the  rate 
of  Flan.  Schepisi  said  be  was  quickly  convinced  that 
Sutherland  instinctively  understood  the  character. 

Rather  than  having  the  characters  speak  directly  to 
the  audience,  as  they  often  had  on  stage,  the  director 
and  the  screenwriter  used  the  mobility  of  the  camera  to 
allow  the  Kj  dredges  to  leH  ever  wealthier  circles  of  rapt 
socialites  the  elaborate  tale  of  bow  they  were  conned 

Sutherland,  whose  character  was  outfitted  in  ele- 
ganL  understated  suits  and  a fastidiously  clipped 
heard,  describes  Flan  as  a man  “whose  spark  was  not 
strong  enough  and  gave  way  to  venal  ambition.  And 
the  more  he  bought  and  sola  and  the  more  successful 
he  became,  the  weaker  and  more  insubstantial  his 
character  became." 

The  actor  said  he  sought  to  convey  not  only  Flan's 
craving  for  big  deals  but  also  the  “huge  remorse”  he 
feels  about  his  mercenary  life. 

In  a dream  sequence,  his  face  is  superimposed  on 
paintings  by  Mausse.  Picasso  and  Pollock.  In  a voice- 
over, the  actor  says:  “I  felt  so  close  to  the  paintings.  I 
wasn't  just  selling  them  like  pieces  of  meat." 


GUCCI 


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11 


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When  it  comes  right  down  to  iu  and  it  has,  the  thing 

you  remember  and  admire  most  about  Frank  Zappa  is 
that  whether  you  liked  it  or  not  he  was  well  paid  for 
doing  exactly  what  he  wanted  to  do,  he  was  good  at  iL 
and  he  made  our  lives  more  fun. 

The  day  after  he  died.  MTV  ran  an  interview  during 
which  he  put  down  the  recording  industry,  including 
MTV:  “Today  you  can  turn  on  MTV  and  see  Hulk 
Hogan  waving  an  American  Flag.  It  can  be  said  that  in 
the  ’80s.  rock  became  as  real  as  wrestling" 


is  a 
■ale. 
the 
i^h- 
Mih 


m ji 

it>. 
1 to 
«>. 
giit 
en- 

Sjl. 

im. 


to 


ned 
i as 
jar 
ate 
•iih 
ero 
ich 
ted 


to 

the 

my 

the 
for 
at 
• at 
a 
■ce 

JS. 

es. 

ir- 

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of 

ifs 

P- 

ty 

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at 

:s 


dating  to  troubles  seven  years  ago  with  tax  authorities 
that  forced  him  to  mortgage  his  homes. 


Page  10 

ADVERTISING  SECTION 


INTERNATIONAL  HERALD  TRIBUNE,  WEDNESDAY,  DECEMBER  8, 1993 


^5# 


a D VF.RTISING  SECTION 


▲ 


fUfB  m 


Economic  Questions 
Russia  Must  Answer 


The  Russian  government  will 
begin  1994  with  firm  commit- 
ments to  reduce  its  yawning  bud- 
get deficit,  cut  spending  and  bring 
inflation  under  control.  Those  are 
the  basic  tenets  of  the  economic 
plan  it  adopted  last  month,  and 
there  have  been  early  signs  that  it 
is  being  followed. 

The  overriding  question,  however, 
is  whether  the  government  will  have  a 
legislature  that  permits  it  to  follow 
through  on  its  fiscal  commitments. 

Russians  go  to  the  polls  on  Dec.  1 2 
to  vote  For" the  country's  first-ever 

democratically  elect-  

ed  legislature.  Opin- 

ion  polls  have  shown 

that  the  govern- 

merit's  party.  Rus- 

sia's  Choice,  is  like-  SHEL:*  . 

|y  to  win  the  most  BgL  g 

seats  in  the  new 

State  Duma.  But 

some  seals  are  cer-  tgafpte 

tain  to  be  won  by  the 

more  centrist  Russ- 

ian  Party  of  Unity 

rural-based  and 

more  conservative  UA 

Agrarian  Panv  and 

even,  according  to 
recent  polls,  the  President  Sons 
Communist  Party.  crucial  poll  lest 
Even  though  some 
opposition  is  likely,  a renewed  stale- 
mate over  economic  policy  is  improb- 
able. If  the  new  constitution,  also  to 
be  ^oted  on  Dec.  12.  is  approved,  the 
government  and  the  president  will 
enjoy  far  broader  powers  to  control 
spending  and  the  budget  than  it  did 
with  the  parliament  President  Boris 
Yeltsin  disbanded  in  September. 

indeed,  while  it  was  the  political 
standoff  that  led  Mr.  Yeltsin  to  dis- 
band the  parliament,  he  made  it  clear 
that  it  was  the  lawmakers'  intractabil- 
ity over  the  budget,  economic  policy- 
arid  privatization  that  forced  him  to 
take  the  extreme  measure. 

In  the  two  months  since,  the  gov- 


ernment has  moved  slowly  to  gain 
some  control  over  the  economy. 
Inflation,  which  hit  26  percent  per 
month  in  September,  was  scaled  back 
to  20  percent  in  October  and  will 
probably  drop  to  15  percent  in 
November.  Year-end  inflation  is 
expected  to  be  around  900  percent. 

“This  is  still  not  too  good. " says 
Finance  Minister  Boris  Fyodorov, 
“but  it  is  belter  than  last  year's  figure 
of  2.600  percent." 

Mr.  Fyodorov  says  that  the  budget 
deficit  should  be  around  10  percent  of 
gross  national  product.  That  was  the 
target  Russia  was 
__  supposed  to  meet  in 

an  agreement  made 
Tk  in  the  spring  with  the 

% International  Mone- 

® tary  Fund  for  the 

£J. .;?■  final  half  of  a $3  bil- 

lion  stabilization 
C’  • loan. 

The  country  had 
already  received  S 1 .5 
billion  after  agreeing 
to  a series  of  tight 
monetary  policy  tar- 
gets,  but  the  second 
half  was  withheld 
after  the  country 
began  to  backslide 
Yeltsin  faces  a on  reforms. 
on  Dec.  12.  Hopes  are  high  with- 
in Russia  that  the  new 
economic  plan  will  be  accepted  by 
the  IMF  and  that  the  second  SI. 5 bil- 
lion will  be  released  in  January.  An 
additional  S600  million  loan  from  the 
World  Bank  also  hangs  in  the  bal- 
ance. 

The  new  plan  outlines  much  the 
same  goals  that  Russia  had  last 
spring.  Jt  calls  for  5 percent  monthly 
inflation  and  for  spending  to  be  elim- 
inated on  as  many  as  30  programs. 
The  plan  envisages  a yearly  deficit  of 
5 percent  of  GNP.  half  the  estimate 
for  1993. 

Whether  the  government  can  hit  the 
Continued  on  page  IJ 


Russian  realities:  Magnitogorsk  steel  works 
(above),  one  of  the  largest  in  the  world,  shares  the 
difficulties  of  alt  Russian  heavy  industry.  Red 
Square  (above  right ) is  symbolically  almost  empty, 
but  there  are  also  symbols  of  hope,  as  in  the 
Moscow  fountain  to  the  Friendship  of  Peoples 
(right). 


Russian  Road  to  Buying  Shares  Can  Be  Difficult 


Investing  in  Russia  is  not  a sim- 
ple matter.  It  requires  caution  as 
well  as  enterprise. 

For  instance,  Yuganskneftegaz,  a 
huge  oil  company  with  reserves  in 
Western  Siberia  and  promising  West- 
ern partnerships,  could  have  Russian 
and  foreign  companies  rushing  to  buy 
its  shares  if  only  it  would  let  them. 
But  in  fact  it  only  put  12.05  percent 
of  its  shares  on  auction  in  November. 


While  Russia  is  selling  off  its  mas- 
sive state  industries  to  the  public, 
majority  share  packages  rarely  hit  the 
auction  block,  and  many  large  enter- 
prises sell  off  less  than  20  percent. 
The  employees  of  most  enterprises 
have  used  government  compromises 
on  privatization  to  obtain  a control- 
ling interest  before  auctions  start.  The 
government  also  keeps  a temporary 
holding  in  prominent  industries  such 


as  oil  companies  and  keeps  them  all 
but  off-limits  to  foreigners. 

Economists  and  investors  are  con- 
fident, however,  that  die  time  is  just 
around  the  comer  when  Russia  really 
opens  up  to  foreign  capital  Mean- 
while. they  are  putting  their  money  in 
smaller  companies  that  promise  less 
profits  but  involve  lower  risks  as  well. 

Yuganskneftegaz  made  it  difficult 
for  one  single  outsider  to  gain  a size- 


able chunk  of  the  12.05  percent  it  was 
offering  by  conducting  the  sale  at 
exchanges  all  across  Russia,  accord- 
ing to  its  deputy  director,  Pavel  Fyo- 
dorov. 

The  government  has  banned  foreign 
participation  in  primary  auctions  of 
oil  and  gas  industries. 

As  the  government  rarely  uses  its 

Continued  on  page  1 1 


. -e-L  ' 


Alexander  Utkin.  45  years  old.  Was  bom  in  Tula.  Worked  as  an 
engineer,  economist  and  plant  director.  Studied  market  economics  in 
Cologne  and  Geneva.  Was  rewarded  with  international  prizes  in  Madrid 
and  Puerto  Rico  for  his  activities  in  industry.  In  1991-92  Mr.  Titkin  was 
Minister  of  Industries  of  Russia. 


Ladies  and  Gentlemen: 


9UMASK 

5tlbf<in 


IROSS 


Let  me  introduce  Financial  and  Investment  Company 
TIROSS”  This  company  may  be  called  unique  in  many  respects: 
for  its  authorized  capital  size,  projects  scale,  geography  of 
activities,  business  organization. 

The  company  began  its  activities  in  a period  that  was  very 
difficult  for  Russia.  Without  the  dynamic  development  of  science 
and  technique,  without  the  introduction  of  new  technologies  - in 
industry,  power  generation,  agriculture  - Russia  will  not  be  able  to 
withstand  the  global  challenges  of  the  coming  century  and  solve 
problems  of  competitive  economics  and  the  provision  of  a 
prosperous  lifestyle  for  Russian  citizens.  Understanding  the 
complexity  of  the  situation,  we  attempted  to  constitute  a company 
of  a new  type.  This  proved  to  be  a wise  decision. 

We  managed  during  a short  period  of  time  to  integrate  all  the 
healthy  forces  of  Russian  entrepreneurship  in  the  spheres  of 
industry  and  banking  to  forma  favourable  investment  climate. 

We  have  developed  effective  mechanisms  for  project  selection 
and  evaluation,  risks  insurance,  staff  training,  employment  and 
many  other  systems,  without  which  one  cannot  go  ahead  today. 

We  have  learnt  a lot  of  useful  things  lately.  Most  important, 
we  began  to  work,  not  to  beg  for  help  from  the  West.  We  stand  for 
equal  rights  and  constructive  dialogue.  Welcome  to  TIROSS 
company.  We  can  do  more,  working  together. 


Leader  of  Russian  Business  - TIROSS 
“Technologies  & Investments  in  Russia” 

ts3  TIROSS  has  integrated 

Russian  entrepreneurial  capital,  directing  it  into  the  most 
effective  projects  in  the  chemical,  construction,  metallurgical  and 
timber-processing  industries,  and  into  high-technology  production 
and  regional  programs. 

*5*  TIROSS  has  created 

a powerful  financial  and  industrial  group,  numbering  more 
than  300  leading  Russian  enterprises,  banks  and  firms. 

■s*  TIROSS  possesses 

know-how  for  investment  project  selection  and  expert 
evaluation,  and  for  the  realization  of  projects. 

TIROSS  became 

a pioneer  in  creating  reinsurance  companies,  aimed  to 
secure  foreign  investor's  risks. 

^ TIROSS  has  set  up 

contacts  with  large-scale  business  in  Europe,  Asia,  America. 
We  have  signed  long-term  agreements  for  several  programs! 
including  conversional  ones. 

We  are  sure  of  our  future,  because  we  work  with  guarantees. 
TIROSS  is  a true  and  reliable  partner. 

Our  address:  1 1.  Sadovaya- Kudrinskaya.  Moscow. 123231.  Russia  ~~~  — “ ~ 

Tel:  (095)  252-1124 

Fax:  (095)  254-5056  (Rus)  Fax  international:  7 502-224- 1092 

Telex:  412099  centr  su 

Our  representative  office  In  USA: 

FIS  International 

2865  So.  Colorado  Blvd.  Suite  205.  Denver.  Colorado,  USA  80222 

Phone  (303)  691-2666 

Fax  (303)  691-0703 


"*«s 


1 


.ADVERTISING  SFrTrr\]w} 


INTERNATIONAL  HERALD  TRIBUNE,  WEDNESDAY,  DECEMBER  8, 1993 


Page  11 

ADVERTISING  SECTION 


s Rehabilitate  Oil  Industry 


®^®r»  opening  lucrative 

opportunitS?orf„™^ 

companies  to  rehabilitate 
J*  cmmtry’s  oil  infra- 
sfrncture  and  develop 
new  reserves.  ' F 

I J?y ^ysiSv  the 
industry  needs  help 

experts  predict  that  crude 
oil  output  could  fall  as  low 
&s  3Q0  million  tons  this 

year^from  394  million  tons 

in  1992,  while  Russia's  23 ' 
major  oil  conglomerates 
have  stopped  production  in 


30*000  wells.  According  to 
the  trade  magazine  Russian 
Petroleum  investor,  Russ- 
ian ■ natural -gas  giant 
Gazprom  faces  a-net  loss  of 
more  than  $2.7  billion  this 
year. 

The  U.S.  Export-Import 
Bank  recently  answered 
Russian  calls  for  foreign 
assistance  by  approving  $2 
billion  in  credits  for  pur- 
chases of  U.S.  oil-drilling 
equipment  and  service  con- 
tracts. In  another  positive 
move,  the  Russian  govern- 
ment has  speeded  up  nego- 
tiations for  a $10  billion 
U,S. -Japanese  investment 


into  exploitation  of  a vast 
natural  gas  field  off  die 
coast  of  Sakhalin,  a Russ- 
ian island  north  of  Japan. 

Vadim  Dormidomov, 
who  manages  foreign  cred- 
it projects  at  the  Russian 
Project  Finance  Bank,  says 
he  expects  the  U.S.  credit 
deal  to  be  implemented  no 
later  than  May  1994,  and 
that  more  credit  agreements 
with  the  United  States. 
Japan  and  Western  Euro- 
pean nations  will  follow. 
The  agreement  will 
strengthen  American  oil 
service  companies*  position 
in  the  Russian  market  and 
will  provide  much-needed 
equipment  to  repair  wells, 
he  says. 

Future  credit  agreements 
will  be  essential  for  devel- 


Corp.  recently  announced 
that  its  Permaneft  joint  ven- 
ture hit  a gusher  in  the  far 
northern  Timan-Pinchora 
basin,  and  it  is  seeking 
investment  to  develop  the 
find.  DuPont  subsidiary 
Conoco  has  received 
pledges  of  $200  million 
from  world  financial  orga- 
nizations to  develop  a 100- 
million-barrel  field  in  the 


Off  the  coast  of  Sakhalin  Island,  north  of  Japan,  prepara- 
tions are  made  to  exploit  a vast  natural  gas  reservoir. 


oping  new  reserves,  says 
Mr.  Dormidomov,  because 
even  the  wealthiest  oil 
companies  cannot  afford 
the  risk  of  funding  projects 
in  Russia  alone. 

“New  development  re- 
quires a lot  more  money 
than  rehabilitation,”  he 
says.  “The  best  place  to 
borrow  it  is  from  govern- 
ment agencies  and  multilat- 
eral organizations.” 

Nonetheless,  some  pri- 
vate Western  oil  companies 
- mainly  American  - are 
moving  ahead  in  joint  ven- 
tures with  Russian  firms. 
Anatoly  Fomin,  deputy 
minister  of  fuel  and  energy, 
says  that  oil  exports  by 
joint  ventures  will  reach  1 1 
million  tons  this  year,  com- 
pared with  4.5  million  tons 
in  1992.  More  than  40  joint 
ventures  have  been  set  up 
in  Russia  to  restore  aban- 
doned oil  fields,  exploit 
new  ones  and  resolve  eco- 
logical problems,  he  says. 

Occidental  Petroleum 


same  region. 

Foreign  financial  organi- 
zations find  Russia's  ener- 
gy sector  attractive  because 
Russian  oil  and  gas  projects 
can  earn  the  hard  currency 
needed  to  pay  back  loans. 

"The  energy  sector  is  a 
place  where  investment  can 
be  done  with  minimal  risk," 
says  Roger  Gale,  Moscow 
director  of  the  International 
Finance  Corporation,  an 
arm  of  the  World  Bank. 
“We  feel  confident  it  will 
be  a very  viable  sector  for 
private  investment.” 

The  World  Bank  has 
approved  S6I0  million  to 
restore  up  to  1 .300  wells  in 
Western  Siberia,  and  the 
European  Bank  for  Recon- 
struction and  Development 
has  approved  another  $342 
million  for  further  rehabili- 
tation projects. 

The  total  investment  so 
far.  however,  does  not 
come  close  to  what  is  need- 
ed. Prime  Minister  Viktor 
Chernomyrdin  has  estimat- 
ed that  Russia,  which  con- 
tains one-third  of  the 
world’s  hydrocarbon  re- 
sources, will  require  about 
$65  billion  by  the  year 
2000  just  to  restore  the 
nation's  oil  production 
capacity,  let  alone  develop 
new  reserves. 

Many  Western  execu- 
tives complain  that  Russia 
has  too  many  restrictions 


on  foreign  firms*and  too  lit- 
tle political  consistency  to 
make  investment  worth- 
while. But  the  government 
could  change  that,  says  Mr. 
Dormidontov.  by  graniins 
tax  exemptions,  increasing 
oil  export  allowances, 
waiving  restrictions  on 
hard-currency  earnings  and 
clarifying  laws  on  foreign 
participation  in  the  energy 
sector. 

“The  government  is  real- 
ly willing  to  create  a fa\or- 
able  environment."  he  says. 
President  Boris  Yeltsin  lias 
already  removed  barriers 
on  domestic  fuel  prices  that 
had  made  selling  gas  and 
petroleum  productsin  Rus- 
sia unprofitable. 

In  any  case,  Mr.  Dormi- 
donLov  says,  foreign 
involvement  in  Russia's 
energy  industry  has  already 
gone  too  far  to  be  reversed. 
“Wherever  you  go  in 
Siberia,"  he  says  “you  will 
find  an  American  firm.” 

Mark  Whitehouse 


Producing  oil  and  gas  in  Siberia:  More  than  40  joint  ventures  (mostly  with  U.S. 
are  helping  to  exploit  Russia's  rich  resources. 


investors  i 


EC  Aid  Program  Grows  in  Complexity 


This  is  a testing  time 
for  Russian  Industry.  Bnt 
among  the  stories  of  dis- 
asters, there  are  also  sto- 
ries of  successful  adapta- 
tion. 

For  instance,  when  the 
engine  production  fine  of  a 
huge  truck  factory  In 
Tatarstan  was  ravaged  by  a 
fire  in  April,  many  thought 
the  plant  was  a write-off, 
rendering  170,000  workers 
jobless  and  leaving  230,000 ; ... 
trucks  without  an  engine. 

Only  four  months  later^ 
however,  foreign  investors  .; 
competed  fiercely  for  toe 
job  of  helping  the  KamAZ.' . 
plant  build  a new  produc- . 
don  fine  for  50,000  engines 
a year. 

After  many  decades  :6f 
state  plannings  many  Russ-  •; 
ian  factories  were  left  at  a 
loss  when  subsidies  were 
slashed  and  .government 
orders  stopped  coming. 
Russia's  heavy  industry  .in- 
particular has  found  it  has . 
little  to  offer  a fledgling 
market  economy. 

Some  other  industries, 
however,  have  launched . 
promising  new  products 
and  have  attracted  foreign 
investors  to  help  pay  for  toe 
upgrading  of  equipment.  In 
the  huge  defense  ■ sector, 
aerospace  industries  make 
up  for  a chop  in  state  orders 
by  selling  abroad,  while 
others  find  that  conversion 
pan  help  them  tap  new  mar- 
kets. 


Joint  production,  com- 
bining west© 


^ Western  and  Russ- 
ian technological  strengths 
with  cheap  labor  and  a 
promising  market,  are  the 


most  popular  form  of  for- 
eign investment  • 

■ KamAZ  picked  U.S. 
engine-maker  . Cummins 
Diesel  for  a new  joint  ven- 
ture that  will  produce 
50,000  truck  engines  a 
year..  Mercedes  Benz,.. 
Caterpillar  and  Detroit 
Diesel  hid  for  the  project  as 
well  butr Jost  out  to  Cum- 
mins* offer  to  invest  $300 
million  and  supply  engines 
until  the  new  production 
line  gets  xbllihg.-- 

Cummins  '.will  -help 
KamAZ  modernize  its 
tracks  and  launch  a new, 
heavier  model  that  meets 
European  standards  and 
should  boost  toe  Compaq 
ny’s  export  revenues, 
according  to  KamAZ  Gen- 
eral Director  Nikolai  Bekh. 

The  aerospace  industry, 
toe  pride  pf  Soviet  military 
might,  has  proven  one  of 
toe  most  attractive  invest- 
ment opportunities  to  for- 
eign investors. 

Piatt  & Whitneiy  joined 
up  with  aircraft  engine  pro- 
ducer Kfimov  Carp.  in  St. 
Petersburg  to  make  gas  tur- 
bine engines  for  civil  air- 
craft, hoping  to  combine 
top-rate  Russian  fuselages 
with  Western  engine  tech- 
nology. 

KJunov  has  the  monop- 
oly in  this  market,  says 
Alexander  Saridsov,  gener- 
al director  of  Klimov. 

Pratt  & Whitney  also 
supplies  engines  for  toe 
new  wide-bodied  airbus  of 
aircraft  giant  Ilyushin  and 
hopes  to  start  producing 
them  locally  with  Perm 
Motors- 


In  St.  Petersburg,  a factory  that  once  produced  missiles 
now  turns  out  refrigerators  and  vacuum  cleaners. 


With  40  percent  of  heavy 
industry  and  10  percent  of 
the  work  force  dedicated  to 
defense,  conversion  can  be 
a promising  business. 

. Baxter  Healthcare  Corp. 
started  a joint  production 
fine  of  surgical  clamps  in  a 
plant  that  used  to  make 
missile-guidance  systems. 
The  venture  will  employ 
only  a fraction  of  the  8,000 
workers  who  used  to  work 
in  toe  factory,  but  for 
Yevgeny  Yegorov,  deputy 
general  director  of  toe  joint 
venture,  toe  project  means 
that  at  least  150  families 
will  have  a guaranteed 
source  of  income. 

Others  also  find  they  can 
use  toe  strength  of  their 
military  technology  in 
civilian  production  tines.  In 
a joint  venture  with  Asea 
Brown  Boveri,  Saturn  fac- 


tory found  that  it  can  make 
gas  turbines  for  electric 
power  plants  just  as  well  as 
the  turbines  it  used  to  make 
for  military  jets. 

Despite  the  economic  cri- 
sis, quite  a few  Russian  fac- 
tories have  been  able  to 
cash  in  on  liberalization  of 
exports  and  are  buying  up 
Western  equipment  rather 
than  waiting  for  foreign 
investors. 

The  German  metallurgy 


equipment  producer  Man- 


nesmann  AG,  for  instance, 
signed  a $46  million  con- 
tract with  the  Chelyabinsk 
tube  plant  in  Siberia  to  sup- 
ply toe  new  tube  mills  for 
toe  plant  The  mills  replace 
equipment  that  Mannes- 
man sold  to  toe  Soviet 
Union  in  1932. 

Mikhail  Dnbik  & 
Sander  Thoenes 


Difficult  Road  to  Buying  Shares 


Continued  from  page  10 


shares  to  influence  man- 
agement, Yuganskneftegaz 
workers  have  gained  de 
facto  control  of  their  com- 
pany,  according  to  Boris 
Bakal,  consultant  to  the 
International  Finance  Cor- 
poration, which  assists  the 
privatization  campaign. 

That  could  be  bad  news 
for  potential  investors  and 
for  toe  company  as  well. 

“Giving  the  majority 
share  to  the  employees 
does  not  promote  more, 
efficient  enterprise,  Mr. 
Bakal  says,  as  workers 

block  necessary  cost-cut- 
ting measures  that  coul 
threaten  their  jobs. 

Mr.  Fyodorov  says  that 
his  company  is  unwilling  t 
grant  control  to  outside 
Investors  not  only  because 
they  might  fire  employees 

SS,  because  they  rm^t 

slash  the  company  s comn 
bution  to  social  services. 

In  toe  oil  town  of 

Nefteyugansk,  the  c?F1Pp. 

ny  supports  hospitals  and 
:hat  the  govern- 


ment  has  yet  to  fund. 
Another  reason  for  Mr. 
Fyodorov’s  distaste  for  out- 
side investors  is  that  toe  ini- 
tial privatization  auctions 
do  not  give  the  company 
any  cash. 

Shares  can  only  be 
exchanged  for  privatization 
vouchers,  which  toe  gov- 
ernment distributed  free  of 
charge  to  all  150  million 
Rushan  citizens  last  year. 
Many  citizens  have  sold 
their  vouchers  to  invest- 
ment funds,  which  are 
eager  to . gain  control  of 
promising  enterprises  such 
as  Yuganskneftegaz. 

According  to  Jane  Diet- 
ze,  in  charge  of  small-scale 
privatization  for  the  Inter- 
national Finance  Corpora- 
tion in  Moscow,  potential 
investors  will  have  to  wait 
until  shares  become  avail- 
able on  secondary  markets, 
probably  at  much  higher 
prices. 

Meanwhile,  investment 
companies  such  as  TIROSS 
are  putting  their  money  in  _ 
smaller  enterprises  that  are 
less  hostile  to  outside 


investment.  Alexander  Tit- 
kin,  president  of  TIROSS, 
says  that  he  has  opted  to 
spread  the  risks  by  buying 
small  share  packages  in  a 
wide  range  of  companies. 

As  long  as  there  are  no 
safeguards  or  state  guaran- 
tees on  investment  in  Rus- 
sia, he  says,  “it  is  better  to 
take  lower  profits  on  lower 
risks.” 

Food  processing  firms 
and  ofi  refineries  are  among 
the  most  promising  invest- 
ments, according  to  Mr. 
Titian,  because  they  make 
goods  that  will  always  be  in 
demand.  TIROSS  not  only 
invests  money  but  also 
offers  to  deliver  Western 
equipment  in  return  for 
shares. 

In  some  cases,  worker 
ownership  appears  to  work 
quite  well.  Since  it  was  pri- 
vatized last  summer,  the 
TsUM  general  department 
store  in  downtown  Moscow 
changes  face  almost  daily, 
with  new  sections  and 
impressive  window  dis- 
plays Opening  up  to  pro- 
mote upscale  Western 


clothing,  perfume  and  elec- 
tronics. 

Like  the  workers  at 
Yuganskneftegaz,  the 
3,000  employees  of  this 
famous  store  obtained  a 
majority  share  in  their  com- 
pany. Only  29  percent  of 
shares  in  toe  store  were 
sold  to  the  public,  with 
TsUM  staff  bidding  active- 
ly against  investment  com- 
panies. 

The  largest  outside 
investor,  a Moscow-based 
investment  fund,  managed 
to  get  only  4 percent  of 
shares. 

Unlike  most  other  firms, 
however,  TsUM  can  get 
financing  for  badly  needed 
repairs  without  losing  con- 
trol of  the  company:  It  leas- 
es parts  of  toe  store  to  small 
foreign  and  Russian  shops 
eager  to  lap  into  toe  boom- 
ing Russian  consumer  mar- 
ket 

“All  outside  influence  is 
detrimental  to  toe  stone," 
says  General  Director  Ana- 
toly Metyolkin.  “We  run 
the  shop.” 

S.T. 


For  some  Western 
entrepreneurs,  assisting 
Russia  has  proved  diffi- 
cult, and  conducting 
business  in  the  country 
even  more  so.  But  new 
forms  of  trade  with  and 
aid  from  the  EC  are 
helping. 

The  EC’s  programs  for 
Central  and  Eastern  Europe 
have  a way  of  expanding  in 
scope.  As  its  name  would 
suggest,  PHARE  (Poland 
Hungary  Aid  for  toe  Re- 
structuring of  Economies) 
was  originally  destined  for 
Poland  and  Hungary. 
Today,  it  has  grown  into  a 
full-fledged  assistance  pro- 
gram for  the  entire  region, 
apart  from  toe  Soviet 
Union's  successor  states. 

That  is  where  TACIS 
(Technical  Assistance  to 
toe  Commonwealth  of  In- 
dependent States)  comes  in. 
The  program's  initial  con- 
cept was  for  small-scale 
teams  of  expert  consultants 
to  provide  expertise  to  indi- 
vidual development  pro- 
jects undertaken  by  the 
CIS's  local  and  regional 
public  authorities. 

Three  years  and  more 
than  1.3  billion  Ecus  later, 
TACIS  is  an  essential  ele- 
ment in  Russia's  develop- 
ment efforts.  After  evaluat- 
ing die  safety  of  the  coun- 
try’s nuclear  reactors, 
experts  commissioned  by 
TACIS  are  now  about  to 
implement  improvements 
in  power-plant  operating 
systems.  TACIS  funds 
have  been  used  to  fund 
law-formulation  sessions 
and  toe  establishment  of 
entire  vocational  training 
systems. 

According  to  Anton  Ren- 
ders, staff  expert  on  CIS 
finances  and  assistance  at 
Dusseldorfs  EC  informa- 
tion office,  this  growth  has 
been  partially  unplanned. 
‘TACIS  experts  were  sup- 
posed to  arrive  in  Russia 
and  help  solve  a series  of 
discrete,  highly  specific 
problems.  Upon  arrival, 
they  found  out  that  their 
first  job  was  to  determine 
toe  nature  and  extent  of  toe 
problems  themselves.” 
explains  Mr.  Renders. 

And  that,  according  to 
Russia  experts,  is  a highly 
complex,  lengthy  process. 
Nonstandard  responsibili- 
ties for  Russia-based  EC 
development  experts  in- 
clude the  securing  and 
compilation  of  basic  data 
and  canvassing  for  local 
support. 

Abel  Matures,  head  of 
the  EC  Commission’s 
directorate  of  energy  and 


transport,  says  that  EC 
experts  have  been  success- 
ful in  making  an  approach 
based  on  nonstandardized 
solutions  work.  He  gives 
toe  EC's  individual  pro- 
gram staff  high  marks  for 
their  ability  to  come  up 
with  coherent  courses  of 
action  in  confusinc  situa- 


tions. 

This  supply  of  resource- 
fulness and  of  outside 
financial  and  market  re- 


Patience  needed  in 
waiting  for  returns 


the  board  of  management 
of  Lurgi  Energie  und 
Umwelt  GmbH,  which  sup- 
plies technologies  and 
equipment  to  Russia. 

As  he  explains,  in  addi- 
tion to  procuring  siart-up 
finance,  Lurgi 's  side  of  toe 
deal  may  involve  toe  deliv- 
ery of  equipment  needed  by 
its  Russian  partner  for  ils 
production  facilities.  To 
secure  its  payment,  Lurgi 
may  also  have  to  organize 
the  transport  and  marketing 
of  its  Russian  partner's 
products,  and  toe  settling  of 
related  financial  Iran  sac- 


sources  is  also  a requisite 
for  Western  companies 
active  in  Russia,  according 
to  Hans  Schreiber,  director 
of  Metal Igesellschaft  AG. 
The  Frankfurt-based  com- 
pany has  been  one  of  Rus- 
sia's major  trading  partners 
for  more  than  nine  decades. 
It  currently  transacts  busi- 
ness worth  1 billion 
Deutsche  marks  a year  with 
the  CIS.  Metallgesell- 
sc haft’s  plant  and  mechan- 
ical engineering  subsidiary, 
Lurgi  AG,  has  built  over 
300  industrial  and  energy- 
generating facilities  in  the 
CIS  countries. 

Mr.  Schreiber  says  many 
capital  expenditure  projects 
depend  on  fends  from  such 
EC  financial  institutions  as 
toe  European  Bank  for 
Reconstruction  and  Devel- 
opment, which  has  autho- 
rized credits  for  three  ener- 
gy plants  and  an  oil  extrac- 
tion project  in  Russia  dur- 
ing the  first  nine  months  of 
1993.  They  also  depend  on 
a large  supply  of  resource- 
fulness: Germany’s  author- 
itative Ost  Wirtschafts- 
report  biweekly  has  assem- 
bled a forbidding  checklist 
of  12  problem  areas  facing 
investors  setting  up  busi- 
nesses in  Russia  A sample: 
“Prepare  yourself  to  con- 
tend with  conflicts  and 
rivalries  as  to  which  orga- 
nizations are  to  supervise 
your  project.” 

For  companies,  this 
resourcefulness  is  indis- 
pensable when  arranging 
payment.  According  to  Ost 
Wirtschaftsreport,  felly  50 
percent  of  the  West’s  $5 
billion  in  exports  to  Russia 
in  toe  first  half  of  1 993  was 
financed  by  “counter- 
trade.” This  term  describes 
barter  and  other  tied  trade 


uons. 

In  view  of  the  costs  in 
personnel  time  and  corpo- 
rate resources  arising  from 
this  complexity,  are  such 
deals  worth  a company's 
while?  “For  companies 
with  well-developed  trad- 
ing outreaches  and  large 
portfolios  of  applicable 
technologies,  my  answer 
would  be  a qualified  yes,” 
says  Mr.  Plass.  He  adds: 
•‘It’s  not  a high-profit,  high- 
volume,  immediate  return 
type  of  business.  Patience 


and  a feeling  for  long-term 
opportunity  are  required." 

The  long-term  opportuni- 
ty is  definitely  there.  For 
Wesiera  exporters.  Rus- 
sia's S3 85  billion  need  for 
environmental  protection 
facilities  over  toe  next  eight 
years  is  undoubtedly  of 
pertinent  interest.  On  toe 
other  side  of  the  coin, 
according  to  one  expert’s 
report,  Russia  has  “an  irre- 
sistible trove  of  natural 
resources"  to  offer  world 
markets. 

Equally  appealing  to 
these  markets,  according  to 
Mr.  Schreiber.  are  Russia's 
scientific  breakthroughs. 
Mr.  Plass  agrees.  “We  are 
currently  assisting  a num- 
ber of  Russian  partners  in 
marketing  innovations  in 
such  fields  as  material 
treatment  and  space  tech- 
nologies.” he  says. 

“By  any  standards,  they 
have  world-class  technolo- 
gies. The  trick  is  to  turn 
these  technologies  into 
commercial,  marketable 
products.'* 

Terry  Swartzberg 


agreements. 

“Counter- trade  does  not 
suffice  to  describe  the 
scope  and  complexity  of 
current  payment  arrange- 
ments in  Russia,”  says 
Ludolf  Plass,  member  of 


This  advertising  section  was  produced  in  its  entirety 
by  the  supplements  division  of  the  International  Herald 
Tribune’s  advertising  department  • Steve  Liesman. 
Sander  Thoenes,  Mark  Whitehouse  and  Mikhail  Dubik 
are  on  the  staff  of  Moscow  News,  toe  English-lan- 
guage daily  published  in  Moscow.  • Terry  Swartzberg 
is  a free-lance  writer  based  in  Munich. 


For  further  information 
on  advertisers  in  this  section, 
please  contacts 


Wolfgang  Lauterbach,  International  Herald  Tribune, 
Friedrichstrasse  15,  60323  Frankfurt  Main,  Germany. 
Tel:  (49-69)  72  67  55  - Fax:  (49-69)  72  73  10 


or 


V 


PUBLIC1TAS 


CIS 


nyEJincuTACcHr 


5,  Pushkin  square, 

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BANK  STOLICHNY 


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Stolichny  Bank 

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supported  by  an  IBM  AS  400 
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STOLICHNY  BANK 


THE  RELIABLE  PARTNER 
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Telex  411913  SBANK  SU.  S.W.I.F.T. 
STOLRUMM 


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P ADVERTISING  SECTION 


If  you  re  traveling  to  the  United  States,  consider  this:  Delta  Air  Lines  can  take  you  nonstop  to  more 
cities  in  the  U.S.,  from  more  cities  in  Europe,  than  any  other  airline  in  the  world-  And  once  you  re  in  the 
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-^^ns^os^gN 

Farmers  in 

Frontline 

Of  Reform 


INTERNATIONAL  HERALD  TRIBUNE,  WEDNESDAY,  DECEMBER  8, 1993 


Page; 

ADVERTISING  SECTION 


Tourism:  Unexpected  Adventures 


agric^tund  ^3?  boosted 

autumn 

ing  privSf^^tereemtroda^ 

Riw  b«  t^nd°2nersWp  to 
AteSfR  * ™*  transformation  of 

“ST* U*“>jMta deStt?  WlU  ***** 

attempt  to^v^11"™1^  ambitious  

tion,  key  to  econSnl^reforms*1^  ^arvesting  ^v;  ^ minion  Russian  farmers  face  the  challenge  of  reform. 

^ven^te^risS^fSSH^hito  - PriVate. agricultural  and  food 

to  going  it  alone.  h..r  £ 


going  it  alone’;  but  Sam w ' Tt  businesses,  says  Arkady 

_“l..ran“ers  tl  Zlochevsky,  chief  executive  of  Rus- 


Haac  7 *«ujucrs  say  it 

of  ^ Pen  in  October, 
if1"  gave  the  country's  20 

ft^nft£rS,er?  **“  chance  10  break 
™ °f  ***  Soviet-era  collective  farm 

woSforVe^^lMdtheyhave 

Vladimir  Bashmachnikov,  presi- 
aent  of  the  association  of  private 
farmers,  says  that  the  decree’s  major 
benefit  was  in  enabling  fanners  to  get 
Joans  through  mortgages  and  enlarge 
their  farms.  And.  the  decree  was  only 
the  most  striking  of  a series  of 
reforms  to  the  agriculture  sector. 

The  government  has  also  dropped 
subsidies  on  grain  prices*  stopped 
subsidizing  agricultural  loan  repay- 
ments and  announced  it  will  end 
forced  state  grain  purchases  by  the 
end  of  the  year. 

The  ending  of  subsidies  to  millers 
has  forced  up  the  price  of  bread.  In 
Moscow  shops,  itlias  nearly  doubled 
since  September  to  250  rabies  ($0.21) 
per  loaf,  and  bread  and  grain  analyst 
Arkady  Gurevich  predicts  that  the 
price  will  go  up  to  300  rubles  by  the 
end  of  the  year. 

On  the  other  hand,  the  loosening  of 
state  control  on  grain  production -will 


sia  s biggest  private  grain  trading 
company,  OGO. 

Mr.  Zlocheysky  says  that  his  com- 
pany nearly  tripled  monthly  sales,  to 
about  $8  million.  While  the  stale 
remains  Russia's  biggest  grain  pur- 
chaser, controlling  about  75  percent 
of  the  market,  Mr.  Zlochevsky  pre- 
dicts that  the  inefficient  state  system 
will  soon  collapse,  allowing  private 
traders  to  expand. 

The  reforms  have  a long  way  to  go. 
The  26,700  state  and  collective  farms 
in  Russia  still  account  for  over  90  per- 
cent of  all  agricultural  land,  while 
1 84,000  private  family  farms  occupy 
only  3.9  percent,  according  to  a recent 
World  Bank  study. 

Farmers  who  do  manage  to  set  up 
on  their  own  sometimes  find  their 
access  to  the  market  blocked  by 
monopolistic  distribution  and  pro- 
cessing industries,  which  set  pnces 
and  prefer  to  do  business  with  old 
allies  in  the  state  farms.  The  govern- 
ment is  planning  to  give  credits  to 
new  private  produce  auctions,  bur  ir 
can  do  little  to  break  up  the  monopo- 
lies. 

One  of  the  first  experimental  farm 
privatization  projects,  involving  six 
former  state  firms  in  the  Nizhny  Nov- 


gorod region,  has  had  only  limited 
success. 

Under  this  pilot  project,  expected  to 
be  the  model  of  agricultural  privati- 
zation for  the  entire  country,  tanners 
receive  entitlement  certificates  that 
can  make  them  owners  of  part  of  the 
land  and  property  of  the  collective 
farm.  They  can  use  these  certificates 
to  bid  for  sections  of  the  farm  at  spe- 
cial auctions  or  sell  them  to  col- 
leagues. 

At  the  first  such  auction  in  Novem- 
ber, the  Pravdinskaya  firm  in  Nizhny 
Novgorod  was  divided  into  nine 
smaller  business  units. 

Many  farmers  were  skeptical  about 
the  project.  “Who  can  prove  that  they 
won’t  take  our  land  away  from  us 
next  month,  just  like  they  (fid  in  the 
past,”  was  the  comment  of  a tractor 
driver  at  the  Niva  farm  near  Nizhny 
Novgorod. 

State  farm  directors  have  defended 
attempts  to  keep  their  collectives 
intact  by  arguing  that,  after  years  of 
total  state  control  over  agriculture, 
farmers  have  lost  interest  in  the  fonts 
of  their  labor  and  would  not  succeed 
on  their  own.  The  director  of  the  Niva 
farm,  Mr.  Mikheyev,  is  more  opti- 
mistic. “Our  people  have  forgotten 
how  to  think,”  he  says,  “but  I am  sure 
that  they  will  recover  step  by  step.” 

MJ). 


The  end  of  Soviet-era  travel 
restrictions  in  Russia  has  opened 
new  opportunities  for  both  visitors 
and  the  Russian  tourism  industry. 

The  state  monopoly  IntourisL  once 
the  obligatory  host  to  a!!  foreign 
guests,  now  faces  competition  from  a 
number  of  foreign  and  private  Russ- 
B ian  travel  agencies  and  Western  hotel 
s chaias.  Western  airlines  land  daily  in 
® both  Moscow  and  Sl  Petersburg  and 
= offer  an  alternative  io  the  sometimes 
E alarming  Aeroflot  flights, 
o .Dean  Bree.si,  spokesman  for  Delta 
Air  Lines,  says.  “Moscow  is  a good 
market  for  Delta  because  of  its  high 
yield.  We  are  also  very  optimistic 
about  the  lens- term  prospects  of 
Moscow  and  the  emerging  economies 
of  Eastern  Europe.”  Delta  has  a year- 
round  service  to  Moscow  and  a*  sea- 
sonal service  to  St.  Petersburg. 

New  travel  destinations  and  options 
are  attracting  new  kinds  of  tourists, 
whose  interests  go  beyond  Lenin's 
Tomb  and  the  Kremlin."  “As  of  1993, 
there  has  been  a resumption  of  inter- 


Banks  Have  Vital  Role  in  Expansion 


No  sector  has  experienced 
greater  growth  in  the  new  Russia 
than  the  banking,  financial,  and 
security  industries.  These  were, 
after  aD,  the  major  industries  that 
did  not  exist  during  the  Soviet 
Union. 

From  one  state  bank  during  the 
Soviet  era,  the  Russian  banking 
industry  has  exploded  to  over  1,800 
institutions  in  the  five  years  since  it 
was  liberalized.  Stock  exchanges, 
currency  exchanges,  commodity  mar- 
kets and  a lively  trade  iir  privatization 
vouchers  have  also  begun  to  play  a 
role  in  the  emerging  market  ecoaomy. 


plans  to  trade  the  new  currencies  of 
the  other  nations  of  the  former  Soviet 
Unions 

The  government  also  began  to  sell 
. three-month  treasury  bills  for  the  first 
time,  using  them  to  fond  the  govern- 
ment deficit  instead  of  printing  rabies. 
The  government  plans  its  biggest 
issue  ever  io  December,  which  offi- 
cials say  could  be  as  much  as  90  bil- 
lion rubles  ($73  million),  and  the  gov- 
ernment might  begin  selling  six- 
month  bills  as  well  A secondary  mar- 
ket is  allowed  to  trade  the  bills  three 
timesaweek. 

The  government  has  also  issued  1 


Their  impact  so  far  has  been  limit- - billion  rubles  worth  of  gold-backed 


ed  because  of  Russm’s  nheyentEansir 
tion.  The  country  is  suffering  ftom  the 
vagaries  of  an  economy  that  is  no 
longer  centrally  planned  y et  not  quite 
free.  High  inflation,  deficiemproiper- 
ty  and  securities  laws  and,  most  of  all, 
a lack  of  knowledge  have  kept  these 
new  markets  from  having  the  impact 
they  do  in  the  West  - "•/ 

Still,  their  very  existencejs  a sharp 
contrast  from  even  two  years  ago. 
Currency  conversion,'  once  ri, 
controlled  by  the  staie,.is  now 
died  at  several  fi^ign  exchanges  that 
have  sprung  up  in  the  country  and. at 
thousands  of  bank-owned  and  inde- 
pendent money-changing  booths, 
sometimes  holed  up  beneath  a stair- 
well. 

At  the  country’s  leading  exchange, 
the  Moscow  Interbank  Currency 
Exchange,  an  estimated  $55  million 
is  traded  during  five  sessions  per 
week.  The  exchange,  which  only 
opened  in  July  1992,  also  trades 
Deutsche  marks  and  is  working  on 


bonds,  for  which  a secondary  market 
.is  developing. 

Most  important,  the  foundation  for 
an  equity  market  was  created  when 
the  government  issued  privatization 
vouchers  to  every  Russian  citizen  as 
part  of  the  largest  state  sell-off  in 
human  history.  A lively  trade  has 
developed  in  vouchers  at  a series  of 
stock  exchanges  in  Moscow,  St. 
Petersburg,  Ekaterinburg,  Vladivos- 
!y  " ' lock  and  elsewhere  in  the  country, 
i-  ’ Limited  stock  and  commodities 
markets  have  developed  at  these 
exchanges,  offering  everything  from 
ruble  'futures  to  new  airplanes. 

The  banks  themselves  have  played 
only  a small  role  in  financing  new 
businesses.  With  new  banking  laws 
passed  in  1988,  every  large  state  insti- 
tution, academy  or  enterprise  opened 
its  own  branch.  Of  the  1,800  banks, 
most  are  small  and  not  well  capital- 
ized. But  even  the  largest  ones  have 
been  reluctant  to  lend,  given  the 
uncertainty  of  property  laws  and  the 


Questions  Russia  Must  Answer 

> a j/i  nrv»  nf  thncp  areas  is  comfortably.  Russia  needs  the  ct 


high  inflation  rate.  The  largest  bank. 
International  Moscow  Bank,  has 
assets  of  more  than  $3  billion  but 
made  loans  of  only  $55.44  million  in 
1992.  The  track  record  for  IMB,  60 
percent  owned  by  five  foreign  insti- 
tutions, is  similar  to  the  other  big 
Russian  banks. 

Despite  their  low  lending  ratios, 
many  of  these  banks  have  been  high- 
ly profitable.  Dialog  Bank,  which  is 
half  foreign -owned,  expects  to  earn 
$8  million  this  year  on  assets  of  $150 
million. 

The  banks  have  made  their  profits 
largely  through  foreign  exchange, 
taking  rabies  and  turning  them  into 
dollars  and  investing  them  overseas. 
They  also  charge  high  fees  to  cus- 
tomers for  currency  conversions  and 
wire  transfers. 

Hoping  to  cash  in  on  the  lucrative 
market,  a dozen  foreign  banks  sought 
and  have  been  granted  operating 
licenses.  But  Russian  banks,  fearful 
of  the  competition  and  hoping  to  pro- 
tect their  turf,  strongly  objected,  and 
President  Boris  Yeltsin  recently 
signed  a decree  limiting  most  of  these 
to  serving  only  foreign  clients. 

The  banking  sector,  still  antiquated 
by  Western  standards,  would 
arguably  develop  faster  with  foreign 
banks  active  and  operating.  Next  year 
should  see  dramatic  improvements, 
particularly  if  inflation  can  be  con- 
trolled. The  World  Bank,  the  Euro- 
pean Bank  for  Reconstruction  and 
Development,  the  European  Commu- 
nity and  other  international  organiza- 
tions have  all  allocated  substantial 
sums  to  help  overhaul  the  financial 
industry.  SX. 


mtinued  from  page  10 


*ts  or  not  remains  to  be 
i.  Mr.  Fyodorov 
lowledged  iri  a recent 
s conference  that  a 
h-tou ted  July  presi den- 
spending  freeze  was 
;Iy  ignored. 

[ready,  public  pressure 
owing  after  the  govern- 
t stopped  granting  sub- 
bed credits  to  industry, 
energy  and  agricultural 
ctrs  have  been  among 
lardest  hit  and  there  is 
that  limited  strikes  at 
fields  and  coal  mines  in 
ember  could  grow  if 


One  of  those  areas  is 
trade,  which  has  experi- 
enced a comeback  in  the 
past  year.  The  govern- 
ment's 1994  economic  plan 
calls  for  reducing  the 
state’s  share  of  exports  by 
300  percent,  cutting  export 
taxes  by  50  percent  and  dis- 
mantling the  export  quota 
system,  which  limits  the 
amount  of  some  raw  mate- 
. rials  and  other  products  that 
can  be  sent  abroad. 

The  quotas  act  as  bidden 
price  subsidies  by  guaran- 
teeing that  certain  products, 
such  as  fuel  and  metals,  are 


comfortably.  Russia  needs 
an  estimated  $30  billion  to 
$50  billion  annually  in  for- 
eign investment,  but 
because  of  the  vagueness  of 


the  country's  laws  and  its 
political  instability,  it 
attracted  only  about  $1.5 
billion  in  1 992. 

Steve  Liesman 


nber  could  grow  it  sold  within  the  domestic 
-vemment  continues  market  at  the  lower  domes - 
p a tight  hold  on  the  ticgrice. 


Russia’s  smooth  transi- 

lovember,  unemploy-  tion  to  a market  economy 
2<Joed  up  to  just  over  depends,  on  the  answers  to 
ent  of  the  work  force,’  . two  questions: 

SrSo  the  firet  ■ The  first  is i whether  itrfte- 
ise’in  five  months,  tion  can  be  brought  under 
ederal  Labor  Service  control  the.  counfrys 

Hdie  increase  on  the  currency  stabilized.  The 
iiSoSfcyffld said  ruble  had  remained  at 
i iJmSr  of  iob-  around  1,100  to  the  dollar 
mud?  higher  - 'since  the  summer  but  lately 

bty  closer  to^  mil-  g.S’KffSfflSffi 
-—-SS5  question  is 

SS&fc  atwss 

“ 8 ‘wor  "tower  provide  a sable  legal,  ax 

argue  tor  r s amumnmont 


rg5Cf^  aLuer  pro-  and  political  environment 

^EfS*.  -^vh,Tbusincss' 


eformers  say  that 
ayment  is  necessary 
workers  will  move 
ductive  areas. 


Uliuv*  - . - 

es  can  thrive,  international 
financial  agencies  can  feel, 
comfortable  making  loans 
and  foreigners  can.  invest 


Industrial  Commercial 

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- 100  major  correspondent  banks  worldwide 
- broad  network  of  branches,  subsidiaries,  representative 
offices  throughout  Russia  and  abroad. 


AVTOVAZBANK 
ts 

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- Russian  Commercial  Banks  Association  member. 

Our  auditor  is  PRICE  WATERHOUSE 

AVTOVAZBANK  Invests  into  advanced  Russian  industries,  is 
involved  in  privatization  of  major  automobile  companies. 

AVTOVAZBANK  has  started  the  fifth  issue  of  shares 
denominated  in  roubles  and  the  second  issue  of  shares 
denominated  In  US  dollars. 


-AVTOVAZB ANTCs  shares  have  stable  price  at  the  secondary 
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Our  five-year  experience  of  being  involved  in  developing 
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1 

Western  airlines 
challenge  Aeroflot 


est  in  Russia.”  says  Igor  Grymov. 
managing  director  of  Apex  Travel  in 
Moscow.  “We  have  three  times  as 
many  customers.” 

Members  of  the  American  Society 
of  Travel  Agents  gave  rave  reviews 
to  recent  improvements  in  Moscow's 
tourist  industry.  “Everything  was 
wonderful,”  says  David  Love,  chair- 
man of  a group  of  44  agents  who 
made  an  inspection  tour  earlier  this 
year.  “Our  guides  were  wonderful, 
and  the  food  was  great.”  The  only 
major  complaint  among  the  visiting 
travel  agents  was  that  hotel  rates  were 
too  high  for  the  serv  ice  offered. 

Bustling  Moscow  and  historic  Sl. 
Petersburg  remain  the  most  popular 
destinations,  with  day  trips  to  ancient 
monasteries  and  magnificent  palaces. 
But  more  and  more  Russian  and  for- 
eign travel  agencies  are  catering  to 
adventurers:  They  invite  them  to  take 
a helicopter  tour  over  Lake  Baikal, 
get  on  a whitewater  raft  in  Siberia  or 
explore  volcanic  wilderness  on  the 
Far  Eastern  peninsula  of  Kamchatka. 
With  U.S.  hotel  chain  Radisson  open- 
ing a lush  hotel  in  the  Black  Sea 
resort  of  Sochi,  self-indulgent  beach 
holidays  will  soon  be  an  option  in 
Russia  as  well. 

Even  Intourist  is  cashing  in  on  the 
new  trend,  according  to  Vladimir 
Braginsky,  assistant  to  the  company's 
president.  “Before,  we  turned  down 
any  request  that  did  not  strictly  con- 


11 


The  onion  lowers  of  a church  in  Kargopol,  one  of  many  interesting  tourist  sites 
outside  the  main  cities  of  Russia. 


form  to  our  set  itineraries,"  he  says. 
“But  now  we’re  letting  people  know 
that  we  can  take  any  special  request.” 
Reindeer  safaris  to  Arkhangelsk  and 
tours  of  the  North  Pole  are  now  just  a 
matter  of  money  and  time. 

For  longer  trips,  Moscow  travel 
agencies  provide  connecting  flights  to 
the  neighboring  republics.  The 
Crimea  peninsula  is  popular  for  bicy- 
cling trips  and  offers  a majestic  beach 
resort,  once  reserved  for  top  Commu- 
nist Party  officials,  near  Yalta. 
Ancient  Muslim  temples  dot  the  land- 
scape in  Uzbekistan,  splendid  moun- 
tain ranges  cross  Kyrgyzstan,  and  the 
Baltics  offer  the  history  and  charm  of 
Central  European  towns. 

Those  worried  by  newspaper 
reports  of  rising  crime  rates  should 
remember  that  Russia  is  only  catch- 
ing up  with  the  West,  not  overtaking 
it.  “Moscow  is  a big  city,  like  New 
York  or  London,  where  you  have  to 
be  careful."  says  Ronald  Gebhardt, 
manager  of  the  Dutch  travel  agency 
Perestroika  Reizen.  “In  New  York. 


you  are  not  going  to  take  a night  walk 
through  Central  Park,  and  the  same 
holds  true  for  Gorky  Park.” 

While  unofficial  cab  drivers  crowd 
the  streets  of  Moscow  and  Sl  Peters- 
burg to  offer  a ride  anywhere  in  a 
matter  of  minutes,  tourists  should 
trust  only  licensed  yellow  cabs  and 
the  excellent  public-transport  system. 
In  earlier  years,  tourists  could  cut 
their  expenses  by  changing  dollars  on 
a bustling  black  market:  these  days, 
travelers  can  avoid  the  risks  of  fake 
bank  notes  and  armed  robberies  by 
using  licensed  banks,  which  often 
offer  better  rates  than  street  traders. 

October's  violent  siege  of  the  par- 
liament building  in  Moscow  did  little 
to  boost  tourism,  but  James  Kober. 
vice  president  of  the  American 
Express  travel  agency  in  Moscow, 
says  that  visitors  to  Russia  have 
always  had  a sense  of  adventure.  In 
one  hotel  near  the  fighting,  for 
instance,  some  tourists  refused  to  be 
evacuated  because  they  were  enjoy- 
ing the  spectacle.  S.T. 


Environmental  Systems 
and  Components. 


The  Group’s  urban  cycle  of  activities  and  achievements  using  Frankfurt  am  Main  as  an  example. 


Goods  supply  and  disposal. 
Cogeneration  plant  at  trade  fair  site. 
Refuse-fired  cogeneration  plant  (Nordweststadt). 
Frankfort-West  cogeneration  plant  (Gutleurviertd). 
Biological  waste  water  treatment  plant  (Niedcrrad), 


Biological  waste  water  treatment  with  sewage  sludge 
incineration  (Sindlingenj. 


River  Main  water  treatment  projecL 
Water  supply  and  sewage  disposal  systems. 
Heating  systems  for  domestic  households. 
Tunnel  construction. 

Reprocessing  of  residues. 

Site  remediation  - cleanup  of  contaminated  soils 
and  groundwater. 


METALLGESELLSCHAFT  AG 


Reuicrweg  14.  D-60271  Frankfurt  am  Main 
Telephone  (69)  159-0, Telefax  (69)  159-2125 
Telex  -1 1225  0 mgfti 


m 


MOSCOW  REPRESENTATIVE  OFFICE 


Kornvv  val  7.  Office  No.  .5. 1 17in9  Musomv 
Telephone  I7iw)  2572  JA.  Telefax 

Telex  41 55 -H  ms  mi 


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International  Herald  Tribune,  Wednesday,  December  8, 1993 


^1 


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Page  15 


SSSSSSSrKSi 


The  Mu  teaks  US.  tUar  rates  of  ttocka  Ik  'Tokyo,  Naur  Yartt,  London,  and 
AignBno,  AnstraHa,  Austria,  Btegfam,  Brazil,  Cmd\  CM*.  Dmmarfc,  Roland, 
Franco,  Garnmqr,  Hong  Kona  «■*,  M<nlco,  rMhartwKta,  Nmr  Zantmd,  Norway, 
angopora,  Spate,  Wwntten.  Swtaartend  ted  Vnamate.  For  Tokyo,  New  Yode  and 
London,  the  Max  ht  composed  of  the  20  lop  lasooa  In  terns  of  maricat  uapkaMtaBon 
otherwise  the  ton  top  stocks  am  tracked. 


1 Industrial  Sectors  [ 

INb.  Hk  * .• 

dan  don  ctagi 

Tim'.  Pm.  % 

dm  cfon.  dnaga 

Emu 

10758  10757.  4IM8:  CRpiWGoodi 

; 105.79  105.40  4028 

UHMm 

11629  tlSLOS  +1.07  ■ ; Itew IMntate  - 

10754  107.40  4050 

Rnanra 

11322  112^2  40.71  CoBMMfffloodl 

96j80  95.46  +1.19- 

Sanricra 

11823  11759  +054  MhCT—W  - 

129.19  12153  +153 

For  mom  ktfamaBon  about  tim  MaKatooktottoavafablefmBOfchBige. 

Write  to  Tab  Index.  181  Avenue  Chafes  do  Gsutc,  32521  Neu&y  Codex,  France. 

Bonn  Sets 
Pact  With 
Paris  on 
Telecoms 


BRUSSELS  — Europe’s  two  big- 
gest tdeoommimcaiioos  provider, 
m Germany  in  France,  unveiled 
plans  Tuesday  For  a venture  to  carry 
global  business  communications. 

Deutsche  Bundespost  Telekom 
and  France  Telecom,  announcing 
the  signing  of  a mwmwiTO  of 
understanding,  said  talks  on  ao  ad- 
ditional Hnk  with  American  Tek- 


.0  Pntemiitkmal  Herald  Tribune 


telecommunications  con- 
cern, would  be  concluded  soon. 

Telecommunications  companies 
are  racing  to  form  affiances  to  cre- 
ate companies  big  enough  to  offer 
multinational  corporations  the 
communications  they  need  to  link 
their  worldwide  operations.  The 
French-German  accord  seeks  to 
ensure  a place  for  a large  European 
company  in  the  world  market 

Their  alliance  falls  far  short  of  a 
merger  but  links  virtually  all  of 
each  company’s  voice  and  data  ser- 
vices for  corporate  networks. 

“The  joint  venture  between 
France  Telecom  and  Deutsche  Tele- 
kom creates  a future-oriented  foun- 
dation to  establish  a European  glob- 
al player  on  the  world  telecom- 
munications market,”  said  Deutsche 
Telekom  Chairman  Helmut  Ricke. 

The  new  company,  which  has  not 
yet  been  named,  mil  be  based  in 
Brussels  and  is  expected  to  have 
sales  of  around  1_5  billion  Europe- 
an Currency  Units  (51.69  billion) 
in  1995,  its  first  year  of  operations. 

Its  French  and  Goman  owners 
to  invest  1 billion  Ecus  by 
The  company,  which  is  to 
have  about  4,000  employees  by 
1995,  would  integrate  the  existing 
French-German  corporate-net- 
works  venture,  Eunetcom,  and 
France’s  data- transfer  business. 
Transpac,  and  Deutsche  Telekom's 
Datex-P  network. 

But  Mr.  Ricke.  seeking  to 
counter  market  speculation  of  a 
full  merger  of  Europe's  two  biggest 
telecommunications  concerns,  add- 
ed, “We  are  not  talking  about 
merging  the  core  businesses  erf  our 
companies,  but  rather  about  indi- 
vidual markets.”  (Reuters,  AP) 


Lloyd’s  Settlement  Offer 

£900  Million  Offered  to  End  Claims 


By  Erik  Ipsen 

Imenuiatmal  Herald  Tribune 

LONDON  — Lloyd’s  of  Lon- 
don attempted  to  digitsdf  out  of 
its  vast  legal  hole  on  Tuesday  by 
unveiling  a settlement  that 
would  give  its  members  £900 
million  in  return  for  agreeing  to 
drop  claims  totaling  £32  billion 
against  the  insurance  market. 

But  representatives  of  the 
members  said  they  would  recom- 
mend rejecting  the  proposal, 
which  is  worth  about  S1J5  bil- 
lion. 

“We  believe  that  the  offer  is 
very  much  in  the  interests  of  all 
members,”  Chairman  David 
Rowland  of  Lloyd’s  said  at  a 
news  conference. 

Reaction  to  the  plan  was  swift 
and  scathing.  “This  whole  thing 
is  an  exercise  in  mirrors  and 
nothing  more,”  said  Christopher 
Stock  well,  chairman  of  the 
Lloyd's  Names  Associations 
Working  Party,  the  so-called  su- 
per group  representing  17,000 
Lloyd's  members  with  suits 
pending  against  the  market.  Mr. 
StockweU  called  the  offer  grossly , 
inadequate  and  pointed  out  that  ’ 
he  had  aimed  for  £2  billion,  plus 
a cap  on  future  losses. 

Evidence  of  the  gap  that  now 
separates  Lloyd’s  from  its  mem- 


bers came  in  Tuesday’s  final  re- 
port erf  the  Financial’  Panel,  one 
of  two  comiltees  set  up  last 
spring  to  oversee  the  drafting  of 
a settlement.  All  three  members 
of  that  panel  who  represent 
names — the  wealthv  individuals 
who  provide  the  market’s  capital 
— refused  to  sign  iu 
In  a letter  to  the  panel's  chair- 
man. they  charged  that  in  an  st- 


eadies* years  of  costly  legal 
wangles  was  viewed  as"  poten- 
tially ruinous  for  the  market. 
That  is  no  longer  the  case,  ac- 
cording to  most  people  familiar 
with  the  market. 

Whw  has  changed  is  that 
Lloyd’s  has  now  thrown  the 
membership  door  open  to  corpo- 
rations beginning  in  1994  and 


has  surprised  even  itself  with  the 
le  erf  its  sin 


scale  i 


Representatives 
of  the  names 
called  the  offer 
grossly 
inadequate. 


tempt  to  rush  to  a conclusion 
insufficient  work  was  done  in  an- 
alyzing member’s  claims. 

Lloyd’s  said  it  needs  70  percent 
of  names  to  accept  its  offer,  but 
the  betting  is  that  the  insurance 
market  will  fall  weO  short  of  its 
goal.  “The  difference  between 
what  is  on  the  table  and  what 
could  be  available  through  the 
courts  is  just  too  great,**  said  one 
London-based  insurance  analyst. 

As  recently  as  last  summer  the 
prospect  of  no  settlement  and  of 


success.  Already  cor- 
porations have  pledged  £860  mD- 
iion  to  the  market,  shoring  up  its 
badly  eroded  capital  base. 

“If  the  names  reject  the  settle- 
ment. it  win  not  impact  the  confi- 
dence or  corporations,”  predict- 
ed Charles  Ironside,  a director  of 
members'  agents  Since  Barr,  a 
group  that  has  signed  up  £1 12 
million  in  new  corporate  money 
in  the  last  two  months. 

Some  observers  labeled  the 
settlement  as  little  more  than  a 
public-relations  exercise  de- 
signed to  convince  the  world  that 
the  new'  Lloyd's  management  has 
made  a good-faith  effort  to  bury 
past  wrongs.  “They  can  now  play 
Pontius  Pilate  and  wash  their 
hands  of  the  whole  affair,”  said 
David  TipladY,  a lawyer  repre- 
senting several  Lloyd's  names- 

In  making  their  offer  on  Tues- 

See  LONDON,  Page  21 


RJR  to  Slash 
6,000  Jobs 
To  Boost  Profit 


Compiled  fy  Our  Stuff  From  Dupadtes 

NEW  YORK  — RJR  Nabisco 
Holdings  Coip.  said  Tuesday  it 
planned  to  cut  6.000 jobs,  or  nearly 
10  percent  of  its  total  of  63,000 
worldwide,  in  a restructuring  to 
streamline  operations  and  improve 

profit. 

The  company  already  has  cut 
nearly  half  of  the  estimated  1 16.000 
employees  it  had  just  before  it  was 
taken  private  in  a leveraged  buyout 
in  December  1988. 

It  said  it  would  take  a fourth- 
quarter  charge  for  the  restructuring 
of  32  cents  a fully  diluted  share,  or 
S445  million. 

RJR,  which  owns  RJ.  Reynolds 
Tobacco  Co.  and  Nabisco  Brands 
Inc.,  said  the  latest  cutbacks  would 
be  spread  among  administrative, 
sales  and  operations  employees  in 
both  its  food  and  tobacco  sectors. 

RJ.  Reynolds  is  the  second-larg- 
est cigarette  manufacturer  in  the 
United  States,  whose  products  in- 


billion  five  years  ago  in  a widely 
publicized  buyout  that  alarmec 
consumer  groups,  raised  congres- 
sional concerns  and  riveted  the  at- 
tention of  Wall  Street  on  the  largest 
corporate  takeover  ever. 

Kohl  berg  Kravis  Roberts  & Co., 
which  won  the  bidding  for  the  com- 
pany over  two  rivals,  one  of  them  a 
group  led  by  RJR  Nabisco’s  own 
management,  then  loaded  it  down 
with  around  $25  billion  in  debt  to 
pay  for  the  transaction,  including  a 


See  NABISCO,  Page  17 


chide  the  popular  Winston,  Salem 
el  brands 


iiiflinw,  aoiu  ucuiaujc  

Chairman  Helmut  Ricke.  I \ m "I  9 Tfc  * • O 

rrss  Deutsche  s Frovisions  surge 

and  is  emccied  to  have  C7 


Bkmnbag  Buaneu  News 

FRANKFURT  — Deutsche  Bank  AG,  Germany’s 
largest  bank,  said  Monday  that  it  set  aside  a record 
2.46  btSioa  Deutsche  marks  (S1.44  billion)  in  risk 
provisions  during  the  first  ten  months  of  1993. 

Hilmar  Kopper,  the  bank's  chief  executive,  said 
about  90  percent  of  the  provisions,  which  had  risen 
S4.4  percent  from  last  year,  were  devoted  to  covering 
the  trank’s  domestic  loan  business  and  reflected  Ger- 
many’s recession.  He  said  he  did  not  expect  the  situa- 
tion to  improve  in  the  near  future. 

The  hank  also  announced  Monday  that  its  operat- 
ing profit  for  the  fust  10  months  totaled  421  billion 
DM,  up  1 1 percent,  while  group  assets  were  calculate 
at  539.6  biDion  DM,  up  82  percent.  Comparisons  are 
made  with  a proportional  figure  from  all  of  1992 
rather  than  with  the  actual  year-earlier  period  in  order 
to  smooth  out  fluctuations.’ 

Deutsche  Bank’s  market  position  in  Germany  is  so 
commanding  that  its  operating  profit  exceeded  the 
combined  earnings  of  the  next  three  largest  hank*. 


Dresdner  Bank  AG,  Bayeriscbe  Veremsbank  AG,  and 
Commerzbank  AG  produced  a combined  total  of  3.43 
billion  DM,  significantly  less  than  Deutsche  Bank. 
Foreign  operations  accounted  for  the  gain  in  group 

u.  v ti .i tI7_ 


earning^  Mr.  Kopper  said.  The  three  most  profitable 
ere  the  I 


operations  were  the  Luxembourg  subsidiary,  Deut- 
sche Bank  Luxembourg  SA.  with  283  million  DM.  the 
merchant  banking  subsidiary  in  London,  Morgan 
Grenfell  Group,  with  241  million  DM,  and  its  main 
Italian  unit,  Banca  d’ America  e d’ltalia  SpA.  with  237 
milHnn  DM. 


■ Profiteering  Charges  Rejected 

Mr.  Kopper  rejected  recent  criticism  in  the  German 
press  alleging  that  the  country's  banks  were  profiting 
during  a recession  at  the  expense  of  thrir  customers, 
Reuters  reported  from  Frankfurt. 

“No  banker  in  Germany  needs  to  be  embarrassed," 
Mr.  Kopper  said.  He  said  that  German  bank  profits 
were  even  underdeveloped  from  an  international  point 
of  view. 


and  Camel  brands.  Nabisco’s  prod- 
ucts include  Oreo  cookies  and  Ritz 
crackers. 

Consumer-products  companies 
have  come  under  pressure  from 
lower-cost  store-label  and  generic 
brands  as  a result  of  the  1990-91 
recession  in  the  United  States  and 
the  sluggish  recovery. 

Philip  Morris  Cos.  cut  the  price  of 
its  Marlboro  and  other  premium 
brands  of  cigarettes  this  year  to  tty 
to  regain  market  share  from  dis- 
count brands.  Reynolds  then  low- 
ered prices  on  its  top-selling  brands, 
including  Winston  and  Salem,  to 
keep  pace  with  Philip  Moms. 

The  price  war  tow  a heavy  loll 
on  the  tobacco  companies.  RJR 
Nabisco’s  third-quarter  earnings 
fdl  58  percent  as  a result. 

“Our  restructuring  program  is 
intended  to  improve  margins  in 
both  the  tobacco  and  food  b asm  ess 
SO  we  can  resume  our  earnings 

Sowth  track  next  year,”  Charles 
. Harper,  rhairman  and  chief  ex- 
ecutive officer,  said. 

He  forecast  that  the  move  would 
increase  the  company’s  net  income 
by  an  average  of  $250  million  a 
year. 

RJR  was  taken  private  for  124.9 


Cox  Cable  Unit 
Plans  Venture 
WithBeUFirm 


Complied  bv  Our  Staff  From  Dispatches 

SAN  ANTONIO.  Texas  — 
Southwestern  Bdl  Corp.  and 
the  Cox  Cable  Communica- 
tions unit  of  Cox  Enterprises 
Inc.  on  Tuesday  announced  a 
$4.9  billion  partnership  to 
jointly  own  and  operate  21 
Cox  cable  systems  and  up- 
grade the  cable  networks  to 
offer  new  sendees. 

The  partnership  will  also 
seek  to  acquire  more  cable  op- 
erations and  programming  as- 
sets, the  companies  said. 

Southwestern  Bell  wfl]  com- 
mit $1 .6  billion  to  the  partner- 
ship and  take  40  percent  own- 
ership initially,  with  an  option 
to  increase  to  50  percenL 

Both  companies  will  jointly 
manure  the  partnership,  with 
each  company  having  two 
seats  on  an  executive  commit-, 
tee.  Cox  Cable's  president. 
James  O.  Robbins,  will  serve 
as  chief  executive  officer. 


The  partnership  will  jointly 
id  operate  21 


own  and  operate  21  Cox  cable 
systems,  provide  new  services 
to  existing  cable  networks  and 
puisne  acquisitions  of  other 
cable  operations  and  program- 
ming investments,  the  compa- 
nies said.  (Reuters.  AP) 


MEDIA  MARKETS 


Transforming  Times  Mirror 


By  William'GfabcarsMi 

Neyr  York  Tbttes  Serrkx 

NEW  YORK  — Management  changes  an- 
nounced last  wed;  at  Times  Mirror  Go.. in  Los 
Angeles  accelerated  an  cvobition  that  is  changing 
one  of  the  largest  family-dominated  media  empires 
in  the  United  States.  • 

TIm  company  spreadentj.DavidLavenihaL  said 
he  was  stepping  down,  and  two  vice  presidents  were 

oven  new  jobs  in  what  was  seen  as  the  start  of a 
to  succeed  the  chairman,  'Robert  F.-  Ertxuu, 
who  is  63  and  expected  to  retire  in  two  yeauL 
Mr.  Erbnra,  a longtime  adviser  of  Times  Mir- 
rorfs  founding  Chandler  family,  is  fikdy  to  be  the 
last  chairman  with  such  dose  ties  to  the  Chandtas. 
Otis  Chandler,  the  last  of  the  Chandlers  to  be 
directly  involved  in  manMHneat,  stepped  downas 
chairman  in  1986.  Chandler  family  mesnbere  still 


-dominated  newspaper  companies  came  partly 
from  the  managers'  ability  to  separate  the  drive  for 
profit  from  the  drive  for  quality.  Some  of  those 
strengths  will  be.  lost,  they  say,  if  professional 
managers,  struggling  to  meet  traditional  business 
benchmarks,  lose  sight  of  journalistic  values. 

. ' Mr.EibPiu.thecunemdunnnan,  wasalawyexat 
a firm  that  has  long  represented  Chandler  interests 
arid,  since  1961,  a top  executive  who  helped  design  a 


rprnrman  m IV DO.  uhhuiw 

control  54  percent  of  the  company’s  voting  ngptt; 

Bi^dfsthefla^npLosAn^iesTnnes,  thecoci- 
pany  also  owns  Newsday,  whim  arculates  m Lang 
Sand  and  in  New -York  CSty,  and  acrawo  m 
Hartford,  Cbnaecticol,  Baltimore  and  dsewhoe.  , 
Last  year.  Times  Mirror  had  a Joss  of  $67nriffion 
after  one-time  chaises  that  included  payments 
marif.  to  induce  employees  to  leave  the  company. 
Largely  because  <rf  the  recesdon,  it  has  Men  eper- 
atingprofit  from  itsnewspapas  sfomk  fn*n  a high 
tfsffrimlBon  in  1987  to  *126  mffiion  last  year. 

Kenneth  T-  Barents,  an  analyst  at  Wheat  First 
Securities,  said  Times  Wferor  ^ as  ji 

company  with  exceBent  properties  that  had  no* 
been  posting  excciteat  financial  results.  As  it  shifts 

towardthefirst  group  of  managers  without  famfly 
Kriks,  he  said,  it  wffl  be  expected  to  adopt  a mare 
cold-blooded  management  style. 

Some  in  the  industry  do  not  welcome  such 
changes.  They  say  the  historical  sniress  of  family- 


ties.  Some  analysts  say  he  has  governed  in  the  style 
of  a family  member:  He  is  active,  for  example,  on  a 
. number  of  civic  and  charity  boards. 

Among  his  moves  was  the  promotion  of  Mr. 

Laveatbcd  to  the  second-highest  position  in  the 
company.  In  a time  when  few  fanner  editors  read] 
the  top  ranks  of  newspaper  corporations,  Lavenihol 
is  fawning  his  career  near  the  top.  Among  other 
jobs,  he  has  been  Newsday’s  publisher,  a limes 
M5xot  executive  and  its  president  since  1987. 

- Mr.  Laventhol,  saidGerald  D.  RdUy,  a newspa- 
per consultant,  Is  one  of  the  few  left  at  that  level 
who  is  really  from  an  editorial  background.” 

Mr.  Laventhd,  who  has  supervised  cutbacks 
that,  have  shrunk  The  Los  Angeles  Times  staff  by 
23  percent  over  three  years  and  dosed  its  San 
Diego  edition,  is  no  sentimentalist-  But  he  is 
known  for  a keen  sense  of  the  journalistic  ambi- 
tious that  make  news  organizations  work. 

The  ambition  he  is  most  dosdy  associated  with 
was  the  decision  during  the  1980s  to  move  News- 
day,  the  successful  Long  Island  newspaper,  into 
competition  with  New  York  Gty  newspapers  by 
starting  New  York  Newsday. 

New  York  Newsday  loses  millions  of  dollars  a 
year.  As  news  of  Mr.  IaventhoTs  departure  from  the 
presidency  spread  last  week,  newspaper  people  were 
wwwibiring  about  whether  the  company  might  now 
take  aharoer  view  of  the  New  Yc 


Job  Losses 
Spreading, 
Tokyo  Says 


Compiled  by  Our  Staff  From  Dispaxha 

TOKYO — Japan  painted  a grim 
picture  of  its  labor  situation  in  a 
monthly  economic  report  cm  Tues- 
day, wanting  that  unemployment 
was  now  hitting  manufacturers. 

The  report,  by  the  Economic 
Planning  Agency,  continued  the  of- 
ficial desaiptian  of  the  economy  as 
“sluggish”  and  in  “adjustment 
phase.”  There  was  no  reference  to 
recovery. 

Business  confidence  declined  in 


October,  due  partly  to  the  strong 
rt  said. 


yen,  the  report 

The  ratio  of  job 
seekers  dropped  to  0.67  in  October, 
or  67  job  openings  to  every  100  job 
seekers,  it  said.  That  was  the  lowest 
level  since  June  1987. 

“The  labor  situation  looks  seri- 
ous, especially  among  manufactur- 
ers,” said  an  agency  official.  “This 
reflects  slumping  production  at 
home.” 

Unemployment  rose  to  a season- 
ally adjusted  2.7  percent  in  Octo- 
ber, its  highest  level  in  68  months. 

Fears  that  companies  would  be 
forced  to  resort  to  large-scale  lay- 
offs have  dampened  consumer 
spending,  a main  engine  for  eco- 
nomic growth. 

Industrial  production  fell  5.1 
percent  in  October  from  a month 
earlier  and  was  off  62  percent  com- 
pared with  October  1992,  accord- 
ing to  preliminary  figures. 

(Reuters,  AFP) 


| t DJA. 
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Dec.  7 

Dollar 

rt-uotk 

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Franc 

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Wf&k 

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MVfc 

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Sources:  Rmjftrs,  fjords  Bank. 

OianmtacakkfakdmiiMdamUUtdSSmmnHMmumfa^ 


Key  Homy  Ratal 

United  Statu 


OM  mar:  Udris  dfm  HA:  me  auotett  ^ ^ 


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UACdlrtiara  1S72 
- “ T0U3 


dart*  P w. 

100  xoo 

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VA  Vk 
1 SI  273 

370  375 

109  109 

M2  Ml 
4.16  4.14 

5JH  SOS 
533  124 

SA  Si7 
Lli  6.17 
0120  TM 


BrUate 


Bank  Mss  rate 

600 

ua 

.CaBmiunr 

Pk 

» 

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SV, 

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S^iMUth  tetermfe 

5 ft. 

M 

Manin  KdnDBBk 

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ft.  43 

641 

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6U 

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64 

(At 

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M 

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ih 

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M 

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S IsHlS  SSS-  ......... 


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MNMMrta tei 
1HW  Owtiwinri  bowl 


1«  IV 
Vk  3% 
2V>  2% 
IS  IS 
IS  IS 
125  327 


Sources:  Reuters.  Btoombero.  Merritt 
Lvocn.  Ban Jt  of  Tokyo.  Commerzbank, 
GnanmUMoMasni,  Croat  Lmanots. 


GoM 


.can 


lft-rcarBuid 


M Mi 
670  630 

635  675 
6.10  6.10 
S * » 
574  5S4 


AJWL 

PM. 

OTm 

375,15 

37675 

— IL5D 

37475 

376.90 

—no 

377 JD 

37970 

+ 1J0 

Xurtte 
LurfM 
Hew  York 

US.  daitars  per  ounce  London  otttcJoi  tix- 
togs;  ZwttandNewYoct  onentoo  and  clos- 
loo  prices;  New  York  Commit  (Fib.) 

Sauna:  Reuters. 


Banking  Clients  Have  Always  Expected 
Outstanding  Personal  Service. 
Today  They  Find  It  With  Us. 


During  die  Renaissance, 
trusted  advisors  helped 
administer  the  finances 
and  protect  the  interests  of  private 
individuals.  The  role  demanded 
judgment,  commitment  and  skill. 

Today,  clients  find  that  same 
personal  service  ar  Republic 
National  Bank.  We  believe  that 
banking  is  more  about  people 
than  numbers.  It’s  about  the 
shared  values  and  common  goals 
that  forge  strong  bonds  between 


banker  and  client.  Its  also  about 
building  for  the  future,  keeping 
assets  secure  for  the  generations 
to  come. 

This  client  focus  has  contrib- 
uted to  our  leading  position  in 
private  banking.  As  a subsidiary  of 
Safra  Republic  Holdings  S.A.  and 
an  affiliate  of  Republic  New  York 
Corporation,  we’re  part  of  a global 
group  with  more  than  US$4  bil- 
lion in  capital  and  US$46  billion 
in  assets.  These  assets  continue 


to  grow  substantially,  a testament 
to  the  group's  strong  balance 
sheets,  risk-averse  orientation  and 
century-old  heritage. 

All  banks  in  the  group  are 
locally  managed,  attuned  to 
the  language  and  culture  of  their 
customers.  They  share  a philos- 
ophy that  emphasizes  lasting  rela- 
tionships and  mutual  trust.  Those 
values  were  once  the  foundation 
of  banking.  At  Republic,  they 
have  been  and  always  will  be. 


REPUBLIC  NATIONAL  BANK 
OF  NEW  YORK  (SUISSE)  SA 


A SAFRA  BANK 


HEAD  OFFICE:  GENEVA  1204 ' 2.  PLACE  DU  LAC 'TEL.  1022)  705  55  55  ■ FOREX:  i022i  705  55  50  AND  6ENEVA  1201  'Z.  RUE  DR.  ALFRED-VINCENT  (CORNER 
OUAI  DU  HONT-BLANC  i BRANCHES;  UIG AND  fi»1  ■ I,  VIA  CANOUA  * TEL  |09I»  23  85  3C  • ZURICH  5099  * STOCKER STRASEE  37  ■ TEL  iDII  288  18  18  • 
GUERNSEY  ■ RUE  DU  PR£  - ST.  PETER  PORT  - TEL  (ABli  711  7fll  AFFILIATE:  REPUBLIC  NATIONAL  BANK  OF  NEW  YORK  IN  NEW  VQRK  OTHER  LOCATIONS; 
GIBRALTAR  • GUERNSEY  - LONDON  • LUXEMBOURG  • MILAN  • MONTE  CARLO  • PARIS  • BEVERLY  MILLS  ' CAYMAN  ISLANDS  - LOS  ANGELE5  ■ MEXICO  CITY  ■ MIAMI  - 
MONTREAL*  NASSAU  • NEW  YORK  ■ BUENOS  AIRES  * CARACAS  • MONTEVIDEO  - PUNTA  DEL  ESTE  * RIO  OE  JANEIRO  ■ SANTIAGO  • BEIRUT  ■ BEIJING  * HONG  KONG  * 

JAKARTA  * SINGAPORE  ■ TAIPEI  * TOKYO 


11 


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11 


INTERNATIONAL  HERALD  TRIBUNE,  WEDNESDAY,  DECEMBER  8, 1993 


*4 


Dow  Hits  Record 
Rut  Market  Is  Quiet 


fixnptkii  by  Our  Staff  From  Dispatches 

NEW  YORK  — The  Dow  Jones 
industrial  average  jumped  to  a re* 
cord  on  Tuesday,  but  broader  mea- 
sures of  the  market  posted  only 
meager  gains. 

The  Dow  barometer  advanced 
8.67  points,  to  a record  3.718.88. 
improving  on  its  Nov.  16  close  of 
3.710.77. 

But  broader  stock  indexes 
lagged,  and  market  breadth  — 


N.Y.  Stocks 


evenly  divided  between  advancing 
and  declining  New  Yorfc  Stock  Ex- 
change issues  for  much  or  the  day 
— was  not  impressive,  analysts 
said.  Neither  was  trading  volume, 
which  totaled  about  277  million 
shares,  down  from  292  million. 

Tbe  Standard  & Poors  500  Index 
added  0 J3.  to  466.76.  while  the  Nas- 
daq Composite  declined  1.74.  to 
769.35.  after  falling  1.13  Monday. 
The  Araex  Market  Value  Index 
inched  up  US.  to  467 .+3. 

- “J  think  people  are  upbeai  about 
the  economy.'*  said  Richard  Meyer, 
head  of  institutional  trading  at  La- 
den burg.  Thabnann  & Co.  At  tbe 
same  lime,  he  said,  interest  rates 
have  moved  up.  giving  investors 
cause  for  concern. 

A loss  in  bond  prices  Tuesday 
stymied  sentiment  in  the  stock 
market.  The  yield  on  tbe  bench- 
mark 30-\ear  U.S.  Treasury  issue 
was  6.2  percent,  up  from  6.17  per- 
cent on  Mondav. 


The  Dow  was  able  to  sustain  its 
advance  partially  on  the  strength  of 
component  Boeing  Co. 

Boeing  was  one  of  the  most  ac- 
tive issues,  soaring  2 to  40*'».  The 
stock  surged  5 percent  after  Salo- 
mon Brothers  recommended  inves- 
tors buy  shares  of  the  commercial 
aircraft  maker  for  the  first  time  in 
more  than  three  years. 

RJR  Nabisco  was  the  most-ac- 
tive NYSE  issue,  rising  H U>  6*. 
after  announcing  a plan  to  cut  ID 
percent  of  its  work  force. 

Long-distance  telephone  compa- 
nies were  among  the  session's  big- 
gest deciiners.  Sprint  Corp.  shed  -•« 
to  32-1*  and  MCI  Communications 
Corp.  went  down  * to  25  amid 
concern  that  Amen  tech  Corp..  one 
of  the  seven  regional  telephone 
companies  known  as  Baby  Bells,  is 
seeking  to  enter  the  long-distance 
market.  Amerilecb  rose  S to  7S7b. 

Sears  rose  2 to  54'i.  “Sears  has 
been  one  of  the  great  si ocks  of  tbe 
vear."  said  Edward  Laux.  head 
trader  at  Kidder.  Peabody  & Co. 
“People  look  at  it  as  an  economic 
recovery  play." 

Intel  dipped  '*  to  59**.  after  slid- 
ing 4 points  Monday  on  negative 
comments  from  a Merrill  Lynch  & 
Co.  anaivst. 

Deere*  Co.  tumbled  ih  to  70A. 
after  a Smith  Barney  Shearson  ana- 
lyst. Tobias  Levkovich.  lowered  his 
rating  amid  concern  about  the  1994 
outlook. 

t Knight- Rid Jer.  Bloomberg) 


sm 


3 3 
1993 


A SON 


”1ht 


NYSE  Most  Actives 


vet.  Hah  Lw  loot 


RJR  Nab 

TtfMtfx 

Boeing 

Li  mild 

WMIXTc 

PTWrtn 

WtlgEI 

PttelMr 

Merck 

HoBM  n 

AT&T 

G>W»r 

Enterin' 

GCA utrn 

CenFOn 


0902  6% 

34028  59% 


3344*  41  Vi 
33448  »*V» 


31302  27% 
39484  28% 


3721*  I4V» 
28378  S*1'. 


*■<•  6% 

57%  97% 

37%  40% 

17%  17% 

28%  27% 

25%  28% 


14 


14 


*2 
— % 
-1% 

*% 


22073  34% 
17744  7% 


17811  55% 
18423  54% 


18048  38% 
17703  21 
17317  8% 


55%  98% 

34  34% 

8%  7% 

54%  55% 

54%  54% 

38  38 

17%  71 

8% 


— % 
- % 
*% 
— *A 
— % 


8% 


AMEX  Most  Actives 


Weak  Inflation  Outlook 


Undermines  the  Dollar 


ENSCO 

Ament 

EotCA 

Aten 

EcnoSov 

NY  Tim 

Hgnwl* 
lnr*CP 
R ovoid  a 

imcnma 

DevnE 

CivCm 

Elan 

EnzuBi 

ALC 


VaL 

Man 

Law 

Last 

Chg. 

7418 

3% 

3 

3% 

*v„ 

7340 

r» 

5% 

5% 

* % 

6279 

% 



5476 

7% 

7% 

7% 

— % 

5213 

12% 

12% 

12% 

-■A 

4321 

78% 

27% 

a 

— % 

4111 

% 

IVB 



4116 

76% 

25% 

26% 

- V, 

3389 

4% 

4% 

4"'p 

♦ Vu 

3135 

11’. 

11% 

11% 

— % 

3056 

18 

17% 

IB 

♦ Vj 

2669 

12% 

12 

13% 

— % 

2182  *1% 

41% 

41*'. 

* % 

2161 

18% 

17% 

17% 

2024 

77% 

26% 

27 

- % 

NYSE  Mary 


Compiled  fa  Our  Staff  Firm  Dispatches 

NEW  YORK  — The  dollar 
dosed  little  changed  on  Tuesday, 
but  dealers  were  downbeat  on  the 
currency's  prospects. 

There  was  speculation  that  re- 
ports on  inflation  scheduled  to  ap- 
pear later  this  week  would  not  give 
the  Federal  Reserve  Board  an  in- 


ForeSgn  Exchange 


centive  to  raise  interest  rates,  which 
would  be  beneficial  for  the  dollar. 

The  U.S.  unit  finished  the  day  at 
1.7033  Deutsche  marks,  up  slightly 
from  1.7014  DM.  but  it  fell  against 
the  ven.  slipping  to  107.48  from 
107.9?  as  Japanese  exporters  sold 
dollars  for  yen  to  repatriate  profits. 

"As  long  as  inflation  i>  low  and 
growth  is  slow,  the  Federal  Reserve 
won't  raise  rates."  said  Kcichi  Ta- 
kenaka.  assistant  vice  president  at 
the  Industrial  Bank  of  Japan. 
“Therefore,  there's  not  much  rea- 
son to  bu>  dollars." 

“There  is  no  evidence  at  this  time 
that  inflationary  pressures  are 
building."  said  David  Mullins,  the 
Fed  vice  chairman.  "It  seems  quiet 
out  there." 


Concern  that  German  money 
supply  is  still  growing  too  fast  to 
warrant  a cut  in  German  interest 
rates  also  kept  the  dollar  under 
pressure,  traders  said.  The  Bundes- 
bank said  that  the  country's  money 
supply  grew  6.9  percent  in  October, 
up  from  an  earlier  estimate  of  6.8 
percent. 

A dealer  at  Barclays.  John  Nel- 
son. said  the  market  was  seeing  the 
same  pattern  that  has  dominated 


Advcnceo 

Deefined 

LHYdxmood 

Total  issues 
New  Highs 
How  Lows 


Close 

Prev. 

1051 

1219 

1001 

866 

610 

3706 

7695 

74 

1® 

73 

74 

Amex  Mary 


Advanced 

Close 

275 

Prev. 

296 

Declined 

318 

331 

Undnnged 

245 

2® 

Total  issue* 

838 

845 

New  Higns 

26 

19 

New  lows 

12 

9 

NASDAQ  Diary 


tradine  for  the  past  couple  of  davs 

" dof  ' '' 


as  investors  liquidated  dollar  hold- 
ings and  put  the  unit  under  consid- 
erable pressure. 

Dealers  said  there  appeared  to  be 
buying  support  for  the  dollar  just 
bciow  1.70  Deutsche  marks  but  that 
this  could  be  tested  in  the  near-term. 

“The  dollar's  performance  has  al- 
ready been  quite  lackluster."  said 
.Angus  .Armstrong,  senior  economist 
at  Morgan  Grenfell  in  London. 

Against  other  currencies,  the  dol- 
lar eased  to  close  at  1.4600  Swiss 
francs,  down  from  1.4612  francs, 
but  ii  rose  to  5.8610  French  francs, 
up  from  5.5415  francs.  Tbe  pound 
closed  at  51.4930.  down  from 
51.5047. 

(Bloomberg,  AFX,  Reuters) 


Advanced 
1 Declined 
i Unchanged 
! Total  issues 


Close 

1X09 

1.592 

1671 

A673 


TATS 

1534 

1,721 

4,870 


Util  — 227.878  23588  22753  +1.71 

1571  A*  +133 


Standard  & Poor’s  Indues 


Industrials 
Tramp, 
utilities 
Finance 
SP  900 
SP  100 


Hl«ti  Law  a OS*  cim 
538.92  537.14  *0191  +837 
43154  41054  43133  + 1X6 
175.18  17451  175.18  +006 
44.73  4458  4464  +034 
468.77  465X4  48638  +033 
07.17  42753  43746  +030 


NYSE  Index* 


Composite 

Industrials 

Tram 

ui  limes 

Finance 


hm  low  cm  aim 

— — 25758  +053 

— — 31114  +047 


— 28544  + 035 

— 23058  +023 

— >1758  + 008 


NASDAQ  Inctoxes 


Composite 

industrials 

Finance 

Insurance 

Telecomm 

Banks 

Transp. 


77231 

80150 

88451 

90888 

18448 


74752 


Law  ante  am 

78747  78955  — 134 
79853  79831  —156 
81147  83231  —144 
90446  90853—137 
78X22  1BZJC  — 179 
48144  68131  —138 
74144  745.12  —019 


AMEX  Stock  Index 


HMD 

46752 

Low  Case 
46551  467® 

Ch-oe 
+ 158 

Dow  Jones  Bond  Averages 

Close 

Cb-ee 

a Bonds 

11004 

+ 073 

10  Utilities 

10X66 

10  industrials 

iuua 

+ 0.19 

Market  Sales 

SSSl  metric  ton-lots  e<  10 

M?r  IW  10*7  lj2  1442  1454  1459 

Kl  jSS  445  'Se  14140  IASI  1 452 

Jrt  1541  1443  1453  IJW  1050  1452 

Esi.  50leS  4A78. 

gSf^^SSk.tKM-SdlShM 

iE,  \3&  ^ }£>  \3A2  \‘2su 

1314  1517  1320  1314  1320  1323 
ST  310  13 IS  1312  131?  1^2  W 

u 1309  1314  N.T.  N.T.  1315  1321 

m£L  ijqs  1313  N.T.  N.T  1315  1320 

j£  llaS  1312  SlT.  M.T.  1323  1319 

E«l.  Sales  94& 

Htab  Law  O cse  cow 

WHITE  SUGAR  (Motif) 

Dollars  per  metric  ton-lots  of  SO  tens 
MV  28450  283.00  28400  28850  + 050 

ZSv  788.00  18*50  28550  288.00  + 050 

AM  29lSl  N.T.  39050  39X00  + 050 

Sri  NT.  N.T,  278JJ0  2B1 00  +150 

B ir  N.T.  N.T.  277.00  THM  + 150 

MW  NT  N.T.  27950  28100  + 150 

EOT.  sales  *18.  Prev.  sales  529. 

Oien interest  10,982. 


Industrials 

Last  Settle  am 


Men 
GASOIL  (IPS) 

U4.  donor  s aer  metrte  teiHon  of  m tons 

Dec  ' 

JOB 
Fed 
Star 


t4*  tin  14350  14450  14450  — 350 

4835  C7S  1443S  UAM  -1® 

iJTw  14335  74450  74450  —150 

14850  14450  14533  74350  —150 


May 

Jua 

JW 

Am 

Sep 


148.1 

w: 

149J 


144.00  U4JS  14450  — LOO 


14450  14550  14550  

14575  14635  14825  —150 

14735  14833  W833  —150 

15050  14950  14935  15050  —035 

15250  15250  15250  1522  +025 

Esl.  Sales  2080  ■ Pm.  9dles  17.134 . 

Open  interest  118817 


BRBUT  CRUDE  OIL  riPS)  . 

U5.  dollar*  per  Barrel-lets  at  UH  barrels 

Jan  UAO  — ’ * 

F*L  1420 

Mor 

APT 
May 
JMI 
Jal 
M 

SB* 


1431 


1440 

1451 
VI.70 

iS  Si 


1358  1258  —058 

1552  UOI  —058 

1450  1458  — 051 

1430  1450  +052 

1451  1452  + 052 

U7Q  1430  — 052 
1437  1477  — 059 

1495  . 1455  — 055 
1537  1533  —055 


Est.  Sales  57.972 . Prev.  sales  37323 . 
Open  Interest  165587 


Stock  indexes 


Metals 


NYSE  4 p.rrv  volume 
NYSE  nrev.  cons,  dose 
Amu 4 pjn,  volume 
Atnex  prev.  cokl  dose 
NASDAQ  4 tun.  volume 
NASDAQ  prev.  4 pun.  volume 


mmimn 

357,979584 

15361500 

70570.900 

298537500 

292059616 


N.Y.S.E.  Odd-Lot  Trading 


Buy  Soles 
Dec.  6 1502.176  1339587 

Dec  3 826.177  1382.138 

Dec  2 9095*2  1599541 

Dec  I 940538  1.182573 

Nov.  30  871*43  1319.192 

' included  in  the  iotes  ffovres. 


Short* 

30305 

40554 

113*1 

15701 

25523 


SAP  10O  Index  Options 


Dec* 


IS 


*4*  «V 


J*» 


JOT 

Feb 

Nev 

Dec 

JOT 

49ft 

— 

th 

h 

Ift 

IS 

— 

— 

<6 

1% 

— 

— 

ft 

1ft 

— 

ft 

Ift 



mm 

ft 

1ft 

— 

— 

ft 

ift 

a 

— 

ft 

Ift 

3% 

5 

ft 

3ft 

4ft 

— 

11% 

ft 

1% 

5% 

lift 

— 

1% 

4% 

6% 



7% 

i 

■0 

lit 

6ft 

8ft 

lift 

Wft 

1% 

A. 

HVl 

12% 



1% 

— 

— 

It 

4*S  % % 

ffl  V ft  * Ml—  — — 

Cafli:  total  not.  H**l:  Wal  poen  M.  4IUB 
Fed:  row  vet  men,  hnai  oocn  W.  519X25 


o*e*3  DocH  Dec 91  Oect)  Dec 94  DocH 

J5  — — — — I8  — 

37%  - - - — ft  — 

*0  - - - - 1%  2% 

42%  - - - V 2%  3* 

« - n*  - — **  o'* 

Com:  tiM  «04  «;  Mol  anon  let.  4*01 
Pets:  taM  Ml.  1148;  NW  oocn  tat  231541 
Source:  CBOe. 


Metals  Trader  Says  Unit  Is  Covered 


Knight- Rulder 

FRANKFURT  — Tbe  metals  trading  and  mining  company  Metallge 
sellschaft  AG  said  Tuesday  it  had  adequate  financud  or  credit  cover  to 
allow  for  any  future  decline  in  oil  prices. 

The  company  was  responding  to  reports  in  Germany  that  its  New  York 
affiliate.  MG  Refining  and  Marketing  Inc„  had  experienced  liquidity 
problems  in  its  dealings  in  oil  futures. 

“To  cater  for  a further  decline  in  oil  prices,  Melallgesdlschaft  has 
agreed  upon  suitable  credit  cover  with  Deutsche  Bank  AG  and  Dresdner 


Bank  AG."  it  said.  .After  the  reports  Monday,  Metallgesellschafi’s  share 
price  fell  46  Deutsche  marks,  or  1 1.7  percent,  to  346.50  DM  ( 


rose  slightly  on  Tuesday,  dosing  at  348.50  DM. 


I DM  (S202.69).  It 


WORLD  STOCK  MARKETS 


Agoncv  Fnwt  Pwue  Doc  7 

Clow  Pfl*. 


Amsterdam 

77J50  71 JO 


ABN  Amro  HM 
ACF  Holdlr 


' Holding 
Aegon 
Ahold 
At 20 
AMEV 
Am st  Rubber 

Bols-wesscren 

CSM 

DSM 

Elsevier 

Pokkar 
GW- Brocades 
HHG 
Heinohen 
Haaoovens 


5850  5830 
102-90  102JP 


44.70  *580 
3Si80  18230 
87J0  8750 
195  2.95 

8130  41.10 
70  68JQ 
10130  10150 
18110  18220 
2020  21.10 
53JB  5250 
288.70  288J0 
207.90  2D5J» 
4450  •“ 


Hunter  Douglas  73J0 


IHC  Cakmd 
Inter  Mueller 
inti  Nederland 
KLM 
KNP  BT 
NrdllOYd 
Dcr  Grinten 
Pakhoed 
primps 

Eolvgrarn 

Robeco 

Rudomca 
Hoilnco 
Hurrnlo 
Koval  Dutch 
Stork 
Unilever 
Van  Ommeren 
VNU 

Wollers/Kluwer 


4050  *1 

78.90  78.90 
3730  8830 
4090  4tJ» 
♦1.10  41 

54.10  53.90 
62A0  6140 
4850  4850 
38 70  3840 
TL 50  73 

11B40  11750 
5950  59.70 
11950  11850 
9*  JO  9880 
200  700 

3850  3820 
219.40  21*50 
43  4250 
14950  149.10 
112  11150 


Brussels 


Acec-UM 
AG  Fin 
Arbed 

fared 
ekaert 
Cockerlll 
Cobena 
Deinalxe 
Eleclrabei 
GIB 
GBL 
G evoert 
Kredletbant 
Pelroflna 
Power  I In 
Roval  Beige 
Sac  Gen  Banoue 


2400  2*20 
2690  2740 
37*0  3850 
2075  2100 
19875  19725 
139  139 

SJ70  5300 
1300  1330 
8530  8550 
1388  1396 
3*50  3*90 
SfllO  8780 
7990  7970 
9980  10000 
3200  3185 
57B0  5500 
888)  8880 


SocGen  BeigHme  2850  2635 

Solloa  14175  18475 

Sotvav  1*750  1*775 

Trcclebet  10450  10700 

UCB  25000  25150 


Current  Stariijnwx : 732753 


PrevhHia : 


Frankfurt 


VEG  1*5.90 188*0 

UHOM  HOM  7980  2«5 

Vllanc  62442*50 

isko  1140  1140 

3 ASF  279J02B250 

iCT.er  341J0342JO 

3av.  Hvpo  bank  «3J0  485 

3av  Verelnsbk  580  582 

3BC  *31  632 


IHF  Bank 
IMW 


52850  530 

844  635 


immerzbank  38250  377 

Bit  mental  2*0802 4230 


olmlcr  Ben: 


741743J0 
444  441 

125  226 

Mutscfie  Bank  8*250  684 

«u«la9  568  577 

iradner  Bant  437 JO  441 
eldmuetiie  317  314 

' KrvPa  Hoesch  lsxsoisuo 

larpener 

lenkel 
pchllet 
oectist 
olzmonn 

orten 
«NA 
all  Salz 
arsiadt 
aulhal 


335  34* 

61*50  619 

1036  HUS 
2043028350 
900  902 

245  252 

376  370 

M7J»t4ftSt 
5*350  5*3 

SIT  515 

nu  11150111  JO 

loeckner  Werke  7940 10? JO 
nSe  a^J  0a* 

ilitianw  121 

AN  I7SJ0  » 


annrsmann 
etaiigeseli 
•jtnch  Kuech 
rvche 
¥U5SOQ 


leinmetati 

tiering 


mens 

«sen 


372J0 
J48J0  346 J0 
4000  4000 
815  810 
417  420 

195JD  195 

4«6  497 

327  321 
1085  1085 
389  388 

725J0  729 

74250  244  JO 
315  JW 
4802047750 
330  .118 


aoeePnev. 


Vlag 

Volkswagen 

Wello 


48050  480 
416414J0 
NA.  880 


Helsinki 


Amer-Ytitvma 

Erao-Gutiell 

Hutnomaki 

K.OJ>. 

Kvnunene 

Metro 

Nokia 

Pohlola 

Regala 

Slock  mann 


99  99 

37 JO  37.90 
181  1*2 
13  JO  1120 


111 

1M 

290 


93 

230 


Hong  Kong 


Bk  East  Asia 
Cal  hay  Pacific 
Cheung  Kang 
China  Light  Pwr 

Dairy  Farm  inri 

Hong  Lung  Dev 

Hang  Sena  Bank 

Henderson  Land 
HK  AJr  Eng: 

HK  China  Gas 
HK  Electric 
HK  Land 


HK  Realty  Trust 
5C  Hi  ‘ ‘ 


HSBC  Holding* 
HK  Shang  HHs 

HK  Telecomm 

HK  Ferry 
Hutch  Whampoa 
Hyson  Dev 
'Jardlne  Marti. 
Sardine  Sir  Hht 
Kowloon  Malar 
Mandarin  Orient 
Miramar  Hotel 

New  Wortd  De» 
SHK  Props 
5tdux 

Swire  Pac  a 
Tal  Cheung  Prps 
TVE 

Whart  HoW 
Wing  On  inrl 
Wlnsor  Ind. 


KS87S?SS&; 


45 

1250  17 JO 

37  3750 

49.25  48 

13JD  1350 
1450  1450 
6250  82 

38  3755 
45  4175 

2QJ0  2020 
26 M USB 
21  JO  2050 
IB.  ID  ia« 
91  JO  90 
10J0  1050 
I5J0  tSJO 
9JS  9.10 
3125  3175 
34  2190 
71  6950 
3075  2950 
19J0  19.10 
9.10  095 
70  JO  19 

29  28.10 
53  51 

555  4.95 
56  54 

1110  1168 
125  133 
29  JO  79.10 
1050  1050 
1250  13  JO 
773657 


Johannesburg 


AECl 
Allecn 
Anglo  Amer 
Barlows 
Btwoor 
Butteis 
De  Beers 
Driafonfeln 
Gencor 
GFSA 
Harmony 
Hlahvefa  Steel 
Kloof 

Ned  bank  Grp 


Ranatoniein 
RusMai 
SA  Brews 
51  Helena 
Sasol 
Welkam 
Western  Deep 


17  17 

91  89 

1*5  161 

4725  47 

1150  1TJ5 
*8  50 

38.50  88 

51J5  5125 
8J5  7 

95  9150 

20.50  21 

1150  13.75 
*2J5  4150 
26  26JS 
38J0  39 JS 
69  IB 
79  JO  7BJ0 
40  NA 
1160  1855 
42  42JD 
181  1BD 


Composite  Index  : 429246 
Previoas  : 426557 


London 


Abbey  Non 
Allied  Lyons 
Aria  Wiggins 
Argyll  Group 
Ass  Bril  Foods 
BAA 
BAe 

Bank  Scotland 

Barclays 

Bass 

BAT 

BET 

Blue  circle 
BOC  Group 
Boots 
Bowater 
BP 

Brit  Airways 
Brit  Gas 
Bril  Steel 
Brit  Telecom 
BTR 

Cable  Wire 
Cadaurv  Sch 
Caro  don 
Coots  VtvellQ 
Comm  union 
Courtaukts 
ECC  Group, 
Enlerorlse  Oil 
Eurotunnel 
FiSdfls 
Fane 
GEC 


451 

8J0 

141 

2J7 

SJ9 

7.75 

4JN 

2.17 

625 

US 

5.19 

US 

351 

A4I 

SM 

4J8 

3J0 

454 

152 

1JS 


4.98 

4AS 

188 

2J5 

6.IS 

447 

423 

433 

453 

152 

U6 

322 


4M 

853 

147 

258 

557 

958 

4.13 

2.14 
6.1* 
552 
il7 
155 
138 
A5D 
5.45 
4j*8 
127 
4J2 
147 
US 
4A9 
140 

4.76 

458 

167 

2J2 

*vn 

450 

4J» 

437 

4AS 

Ml 

is 


Close 

Prov. 

Genl  Acc 

678 

47! 

Glam 

604 

494 

Grand  Met 

403 

407 

GRE 

203 

201 

470 

471 

GUS 

505 

X95 

Honsun 

2® 

262 

HllbOOwn 

150 

1X9 

HSBCHWos 

7.97 

707 

ICI 

7® 

7X7 

Inert  cop« 

577 

5X0 

Kingfisher 

7 32 

707 

Luff  Drake 

1X6 

1X7 

Lend  Sec 

7® 

7 06 

Loporte 

603 

600 

1.15 

LeuolGenGrs 

500 

5.17 

Lloyds  Bank 

<L» 

Marks  Sp 

K‘  1 

457 

ME  PC 

Kd 

579 

403 

428 

X99 

X9S 

Nth Wst  Water 

566 

£58 

Ptonai 

575 

603 

5.90 

410 

Putins  ton 

156 

157 

PowerGen 

473 

4® 

Prudenltol 

156 

153 

Ronk  Org 

903 

9 02 

RecklttCol 

6X6 

454 

5X5 

509 

Reed  Inti 

805 

806 

17X2 

RMC  Group 

80S 

892 

Ralls  Rtrvce 

107 

170 

Rorttmn  (unit) 

4 

410 

Royal  Scot 

4X6 

4X1 

RTZ 

701 

702 

409 

418 

Seal  Newcas 

506 

502 

403 

Seors  Hotels 

1® 

1® 

Severn  Trent 

sm 

500 

SrteF 

704 

7 

sw» 

568 

SS8 

Sreim  Nephew 

168 

1® 

SmltfiKllne  B 

194 

194 

Smith  (WH) 

472 

490 

Sun  Alliance 

367 

172 

Tote  & Lvle 

3.9S 

158 

1® 

1.98 

Thorn  EMI 

905 

9® 

Tomkins 

T38  Group 

208 

205 

208 

203 

Unilever 

D® 

II® 

UW  Biscuits 

1*5 

Vodafone 

557 

559 

Wor  Loan  3% 

5103 

51® 

Wellcome 

Whitbread 

NA 

Williams  HOas 

l*fl 

3X0 

Willis  Corroon 

115 

2.18 

Madrid 


BBV_  . 3»0  3280 


Bco  Central  HISP  3125  3200 
Banco  Santander  67®  67® 
2200  2190 


SIPS? 

Draoadas 

Endesa 

Ercras 

Iberdrola  I 

Reasol 

T abaca  loro 

Telefonica 


rrsAssr- 


2475  2480 
7025  20® 
6*60  6470 
1S7  161 

938  932 

4290  4290 
3760  3850 
17®  17® 


Milan 


1475  1451 


2389  2281 
17® 


Banco  Comm  *747  ®*1 

Bestow  68  66J0 

Bene  non  group  24900  25000 

ClR  

Cred  Hal 
EnJcbam 
Ferfln 
F erf  In  Rtso 
Flat  SPA 
Finmeccanica 
Generali 
IFI 

Itakam 
Hamas 
Itaimoblllare 
Mediobanca 
ManfedHan 
Olivetti 
Pirelli 
RAS 

Rlnascent* 

5alpem 


1750 
29e»302S0 
4®  4® 

4300  4200 
1280  1270 
37750  37770 
15320  14900 
10000  10050 
4880  4780 
31990  32100 

13£f13£ 

1918  1841 
3400  3=80 

2*550  26050 
7*10  7797 
3050  3000 


Son  Pools  Torino  9988  9999 

$IP  3282  3225 

SME  35*3  3£» 

SnlO  1314  1307 

Standa 

Slel  3W5  37BO 

Toro  AsSl  Rlsp  2*400  28800 


MIB  Index  1^2 


Rfirtoas : 


Montreal 


Alcan  Aluminum  28%  27% 
Bank  Montreal  27%  27 

Bell  Canada  *214  *6% 


Clou  Prev. 


Bombardier  B 
Cambtor 
rnvnrtw 
Damlnlori  Text  A 
Donohue  A 
MacMillan  Bl 
Natl  Bk  Canada 
Power  Cora. 
Quebec  Tel 
Quebecar A 
QuebecorB 
Teleglobe 
Univa 
VWeotron 


WrSoas?i 


19%  17% 
19%  17% 
6%  6% 
7%  7% 

20%  2D% 
21%  21% 
11  10% 
21%  21% 
21%  21% 
17%  17% 
18  17% 
20%  20% 
7%  7% 
25%  25% 
: 1*21® 


Paris 


Accor 
Air  LtauMe 
Alcatel  Alsthem 
AM 

Boned  re  ICIe) 

BIC 

BNP 

Bounwes 

B5N-GD 

Carretour 

CCF. 

Cervs 
Oicrgeurs 
Oments  Franc 
Club  Met) 

EH- Aouita  me 

EH-Sanofl 

Euratflsney 

Gen.  Eaux 

Havas 

imetai 


Leg  rand 
Lyon.  Eaux 
Orea  I t L-» 

L.YMM. 

Metro- hhxtwtte  148.90  1® 

Mlchetm  B 191®  192.10 
Moulinex  100  1D7 

ParfDOS  *76®  475.70 

Pechlnev  Inti  205  200 JO 
Pernod- Rj  card  388J0  389 

Peugeot  71 1 7ie 

Prlntemps  (Aul  888  874 

Rodiotecfmiawe  0*1.10  3*640 
Rh-Poutenc  A 14870  149.70 


Raff.  St.  Louis 
Redaute  (Lai 
Saint  Gabaln 
S.E-fl. 

Sie  Generate 
Suez 

Thom«jrj-C5F 

Total 

IIAP. 

Valeo 


1396  1378 

9®  940 

567  573 

490  494 JO 
730  735 
33870  342® 
183  161  JO 
317.70  322.10 
** » 889 

1306  1200 


Sao  Paulo 


Banco  do  Brasil  3050  3200 


Banesoa 
Brodesco 
Brahma 
Par  ananu  nemo 
Perrabras 
Talebraa 
vale  Rio  Dace 
Varttr 


18®  19 
6600  67 
*7000  r” 


Bevespo 


30100 
*980  W0 
20000  20900 
40000  40000 


Close  Prev. 


Procardia  AF 
Soidvtk  B 
SCA-A 
5-E  Banken 
Skondto  F 
Skanska 
SKF 

Store 

Trellobarg  BF 
Volvo 


131  T27 

117  116 
131  YD 
57  JO  56J0 
174  173 

161  160 
126  125 

374  ; 

7TL50  65J0 
461  435 

1682-18 


Sydney 


9 

Amcor 

90S 

907 

595 

Ml 

ANZ 

499 

491 

810 

98 

BHP 

1460 

1441 

882 

Bard 

410 

405 

1548 

Bougainville 

002 

<Ui 

538 

Cotes  Mver 

5X7 

561 

1174 

1160 

Comal  co 

308 

355 

17.13 

681 

697 

C5R 

402 

4/1 

844 

Dan/00 

AM 

50i 

3973 

3965 

Fosters  Brew 

1X6 

1X4 

27490 

296 

Goodman  Field 

101 

103 

119®  11950 

ICI  Australia 

955 

97C 

11® 

1191 

Mooetlon 

205 

209 

Xfl 

20? 

341®  315X0 

Nat  Amt  Bank 

1200 

1210 

42800 

433 

News  Corp 

10 

9.95 

996 

TO 

Nine  Network 

505 

SJN 

3650 

J/M 

N Broken  Hill 

3X5 

3X5 

2631 

2463 

Pioneer  Inti 

266 

46250 

466 

Nmndy  Poseidon 

200 

206 

547 

528 

OCT  Resources 

105 

10J 

429®  42850 

Sontos 

303 

STB 

5160 

5340 

TNT 

105 

106 

S4S 

548 

Western  M Inina 

431 

1213 

1215 

Wes  mac  Banklrrs 

455 

451 

3827 

3838 

Woods/ de 

414 

410 

pRS5gB?1&33S 


Index : 297X90 


Tokyo 


mat 


7.15  7.10 
1030  10J0 
I8J0  1A10 
17®  17® 
2J2  283 
3®  X42 


Singapore 

Ceretxa  675  8aS 

Cl  tv  Dev.  - - " 

DBS 

Fraser  Meove 
Genttng 
Golden  Hope  PI 

How  Par  

Hume  InArsirles  5®  5JS 

indicope  5.95  6 

Kepnef  10.40  laio 

KLKePone  2.95  2J5 

Lum  Chang  1 J9  1® 

Malayan  Banka  1X70  1X10 

OCBC  10®  10® 

oua  ifif  4.w 

OUE  8 7.75 

Sembowong  1X10  1X90 


Shangrlla 
Slnw  Darby 
SIA 

S'oore  Land 
STwre  Press  . 
Sine  Steamship 


4.93  4.73 
4JBI  XB4 
8J0  880 
8J5  A® 
1i70  15® 
588  X60 


S'oore  Telecomm  X82  1*4 

Straits  Trading  1*0  162 

UOB  930  935 

UOL  1JB  1.79 


Stockholm 


AGA 
Aseo  A 

Astra  A 
At las  Copco 
Eleciroiax  B 
Ericsson 
Esselte-A 
Handeisbojiltcn 

investor  B 
Norsk  Hydro 


410  411 

554  551 

173  I® 
412  410 

396  288 

364  365 

97  77 

10S  103 
1®  I® 
206 208 JO 


Akai  eioctr 
Asoni  Chemical 
Asahl  Glass 
Banket  Tokyo 
Bridoesione 
Canon 
Casio 

Dal  Nippon  Print 
Dalwa  House 
Daiwo  Securities 
Forme 
Full  Bank 
Full  Photo 
Fulltsu 
Hlhrchl 
Hitachi  Cable 
Hondo 
Ito  Yakodo 
Itochu 

japan  Airlines 
Kollrno 
Kansal  Power 
Kawasaki  Steel 
Kirin  Brewery 
Komatsu 
Kuboto 
Kyocera 
Artarsu  Elec  (nos 
Matsu  Elec  Whs 
Mitsubishi  Bk 
Mitsubishi  Kasei 
Mitsubishi  Elec 
Mitsubishi  Hev 
Mitsubishi  Carp 
Mitsui  and  Co 
Mltsukashl 
Mitsumi 
NEC 

NGK  insulators 

NlkJco  securities 
Nippon  Koooku 
Nippon  Oil 
Nlimen  Sleel 
Nippon  Yusen 
Nissan 
Nomura  Sec 
NTT 

Olympus  Optical 

Eisr 

Sanyo  Elec 

Sharp 
Shlmazu 
Shinetsu  Chem 

Sony 

Eumltomo  Bk 
Sum  Homo  Chem 
Sum!  Marine 
Sumitomo  Metal 
Tolsel  Cora 
Talsho  Marine 
TokedaCnem 
TDK 
Tcilln 

Tokyo  Marine 
Tokvo  Elec  Per 
Taman  Printing 
Tgrgy  Ind. 
Toshiba 
Toyota 
Yameicni  Sec 
0:  * I CD 

SBSfiSj  V? 

Topi*  Index  i.l® 


344 

573 


1060  1070 
1520  1470 


1220  1230 


1550  1550 
1500  1500 


17®  1210 
3530  3550 


1890  1710 
24®  2430 


757 
765 
6SS 
1370  7370 


5450  5500 


51S 

615 


2870  2820 
306  301 

1170  1170 


732 
568  566 

5430  5270 
1439  1410 


2670  36*0 
437  431 


1050  10® 
683  680 


666  S73 

SOI  79* 
530  557 

726  685 

1790  1770 
7040a  6950a 
714  720 

3470  2410 
631  621 

404  409 
1450  1430 

573  585 

1510  1500 
4920  4840 
19M  1910 
416  404 

887  876 

258  258 

639  835 

758  750 

1170  11® 
3530  3560 

405  372 
11®  1150 
3150  3110 
1170  11® 


646  6*1 

1750  1710 
641  650 


Close  prev. 


Toronto 


14% 

18% 

6 


17%  11% 
35% 


AMtlbl  Price  14% 

Adllco  Eagle  1B% 

Air  Canada  5% 

ASterta  Energy 
Air  Barrie*  Res  . _ 

BCE  *6%  4* % 

Bk  Nova  Scotia  30% 

BCGcs  16% 

BC  Telecom 
BF  Realty  Hds  . . . 

Bramolea  DJ9 

Bmnwfc*  7%  7% 

CAE  6%  6% 

Camdav  6 6 

CIBC  31% 

Canodkai  Poettlc  21%  22 


30 

16% 


23%  23% 
OD4  tU5 


12% 

17% 


12% 

17% 


41%  41% 
405  4% 


10  10% 
4 195 


Can  Pockets 
Con  Tire  A 

Confer 
Cara 

CCLtndB 

Comlnco  20% 

CoriwesT  Exal  21% 
□errtson  Mln  B 027 
Dickenson  Min  A 6% 
DafaSCO  22% 

DytexA  1JS 

Echo  Bov  Mines  17 
Edjlly  Silver  A 1319 
FCA  infl  3® 

Fed  indA  0% 

Fletcher  Chdl  A 71% 

FPI  X35 

Gentra  0*2 

CoktCam  B% 

GuHCdaRes  435 
Hees  Inti  13%  13% 

Homto  Gld  Minas  13%  13% 


21 
026 
6% 
22 
1 M 
16% 
1» 


4JS 


HoiHnner 
Hershom 
Hudson's  Boy 


13% 

18% 


13% 

1SU 


Into 
Intel  ®oy  pipe 
Jo 


39%  39% 
“ 30* 


34%  32% 
32%  32% 


Lot  I aw  CO 
Mockenzie 

Intt  A 


18%  18% 
22%  2Z% 


27%  22% 
12  11% 


Murk  Re 

Mac  Lean  Hunter 
Matson  A 
Homo  IndA 


59%  60% 
25%  25% 


12  12 
28%  26% 


Bfn,  i^rtii  * 

*9  w vaw  f m cm 

Ngrcen  Energy 
Nrtiern  Teiecam 
Novo  Carp 
Oshawa 
Pogurfn  A 
Placer  Dame 
Poco  Petroleum 
PWACorp 
Rovrock 
Renaissance 
gagers  B 
Rothmans 
Royal  Bank  Can 
Sceetrw  Res 
Scott's  HO*» 


7% 

24% 

11% 

17 

37% 

9V» 


21%  21% 
IBS  SMS 
30Vj  30% 


1% 


9Vu 

1J7 

16U 

27% 


22%  22% 
99  79 


Z7%  27% 
12%  12% 


ihS?cCon 


Can 

Sherritt  Gordon 
SHL  Svstemhse 
Soutfxjm 
Soar  Aenaoace 
StelcoA 
Talisman  Energ 
Teck  B 

Thomson  New* 
Toronto  Damn 
T orator  B 
Tronsatta  Util 
TransCda  Pipe 
Trlipn  Flnl  A 
Trlmoc 
Trtiee  A 
UnJcorp  Energy 


7% 

37 

8% 

8% 

17% 


17%  17% 
0 7% 


M 


77% 
22  V. 


21%  71% 
25  24% 


15 


135 

16 

& 


1*% 

20% 

130 

16% 

094 

055 


tse  180  Index  : *38150 
Previoas : 4236® 


Zurich 


Ad  to  Inti  6 173  173 

Ahnufne  B new  584  ssr 
BBC  Brwn  Bov  B HOB  1(00 


641  841 

3585  3*05 
3775  3808 
735  715 
18®  1810 
900  90S 

70S  705 

717  719 

**  ,«7 
7220  1220 


„ Gelgy  B 
CS  Holdings  B 
Eletrirow  B 
Fischer  B 
interdlscaunt  a 
Jelmoll  B 
Landis  Gyr  R 
Leu  Hid  8 
Maevenolc*.  B 

Slle  P 

Ilk.  Buetirle  Rill J0112JB 
PorgeH  Hid  B 1®0  1400 
Roche  Hdg  PC  “ ” 

5otra  Resubdc 

Sander B 

Schindler  B 
Sutzer  PC 
Surveillance  B 
Swiss  Bnk  Cantu 
IB  ««nsuy  R 
Swissair  R 
UBS  B 

Wflnlerttiur  B 
Zurich  A5SB 


43®  63® 
141  141 

4000  Ml 
6860  6M0 
7®  7» 

17®  1800 
491  495 

HA  7® 
770  7® 

1329  1314 
0®  060 
1457  1450 


Close 

Bid  A* 
ALUMINUM  (High  Grade) 
Dollar*  per  ™lrlc  Ion 
spot  1061M  1089.00 

Forward  I106JD  1109.00 

COPPER  CATHODES  (Higli 
Dollars  per  mcmcNM 
Spot  1*7*00  167900 

Forward  1700®  1701  00 

LEAD 

Dollars  per  metric  Ion 
Sm  447®  440JQ 

Forward  «6U»  48200 

NICKEL  , , 

Dollar*  per  ewtrtctee 
Spot  497300  4985.33 

Forward  5035.00  504000 

TIN 

Donors  tm  mthlcrwi 

SpqI  47*500  *77000 

Forw art  483100  48®0C 

ZINC  (Special  High  Groae) 
Dollars  per  metoc  ton 
sm  98000  481® 

Forward  99600  998J0 


Previous 
Bid  AW 


FTSE  1M  (UFFB1 
(2S  per  Index  petal 

Dec  3257.0  32360  32465  —SO 

Mar  32765  33470  336*0  —45 

Jun 


un  329O0  32800  33760  —45 

Esl.  volume:  1X576.  Open  interest:  77013. 


1067®  106000 
1C68O0  1 08650 
Gradel 


Sources:  Reuters.  Matlt  Associated  Praes. 
London  tort  Financial  Future*  Exchange. 
, mn  Petroleum  Enchonaa. 


1671®  167X50 
1695®  167600 


Spot  CommodRIe* 


44X50 

457® 


Commodity 
Aluminum,  tb 
Coffee.  Braz^tb 


4885.00  459500 
494500  475000 


Capper  clectraJytic.  to 
B.  ton 


*730.®  47»® 
*785 CO  477000 


iron  FOB,  I 
Lead,  lb 
Silver,  troy  ai 
Steel  [scrap),  ton 
, Tin,  lb 
Zinc,  lb 


Un 

Today 

Prev. 

0X94 

0X84 

0035 

0035 

D07B5 

0078 

21300 

21300 

002 

032 

4835 

4825 

12950 

12950 

axlu 

32345 

0X509 

95A50 

77100 


755JB 

774J» 


Dividends 


Financial 


LOW  Close  Change 


Per  Amt  Pay  Rec 


HHONTH  STERLING  ILIFFB) 
csoaaM  - pH  of  in  Pet 


Dec 

Mar 

3«n 

sea 

Dec 

Mar 

Jun 


Dec 

Mar 


9L70 
74.95 
9S.15 
RE  13 
95.14 
94.99 
94J1 
94® 
74J9 
9420 


94.90 

9609 

9511 

•SlM 

94.94 

94J6 

94J5 

94JS 

94.16 


94®  —am 

94.93  — BO) 


, On  Witter  Gov  IncTr 
High  incAdvtoeTr 


95.11  — OJN 
95.15  —HID 


High  me  AdvTrii 
High 


95.11  — EOS 

94.97  — 0JD 


9680  —002 

94J6  — 0JJ5 


906  —005 

94.14  —008 


Inc  AdvTrill 

intercop  Collt  IMIT 
InterCaP  InsMcpi  IT 
InterCao  Dual  MIT 

Meal  Income  Trust 

Meal  incTrwst  II 

McpI  Inc  Trust  HI 


DISTRIBUTION 

_ AS50  12-23  12-10 
_ J717  I2-Z3  12-10 
_ 0723  12-23  12-10 
_ .1274  12-23  12-16 
_ JOS  12-23  12-10 
_ J1  12-23  13-W 
. 03  12-23  IMS 

_ 094  12-23  12-10 
_ 00*  12-23  12-10 
_ 026  12-23  12-10 


9455 

9454 

9454 

+ 002 

96X3 

96  43 

9441 

— aoi 

N.T. 

N.T. 

9412 

Unch. 

9&8S 

9504 

9501 

— 001 

95.45 

95X4 

9X42 

+ 001 

9435 

9505 

Fn 

+ 00? 

N.T. 

N.T. 

95.13 

♦ mu 

N.T. 

N.T. 

94.94 

+ 002 

Est.  volume:  51026  Open  inter  esl:  4290*6 
3-MONTH  EURODOLLARS  (UFFEI 
Si  million  - pts  otlH  PCI 
Dec 
Mar 
Joa 
sep 
Dec 
Mar 
Jun 

**Eit.  volume: 1.122. Open  Interest:  1L863. 
3-MONTH  EUROMARKS  (LIFFE) 

DM1  million  - pts  Oft®  PC* 

Dec  7301  9308  9109  — 001 

Mar  9405  9*01  9402  —001 

Jim  TSJO  95.14  95.17 

Sep  95®  PS®  75® 

Dec  9505  9562  9S04 

Mar  950?  95  66 

jun  9SJ9  9SJ4 

Sep  9504  95J9  95® 

Dec  9S27  9523 

Mar  9S.I7  95.15 

Esl.  volume:  93073.  Open  Interest:  7®.9]l. 


07  V18  12-29 


03  12-38  12-20 


05  1-26  1-10 


+ 0.01 
+ 002 
+ 003 


9507  +001 

*557  Unch. 


-a02 


9527  Unch. 
95.19  +001 


LONG  GILT  (UFFE) 

(3MM  - FIS  A 32Ad»  at  I®  PCt 
Dec  11M1  If  802  118-07  —003 

Mor  117-20  117-04  117-13  — (HD 

Jgn  116-23  116-23  116-23  —M2 

Esl.  volume:  37087.  Open  mlercsl:  136.535. 
GERMAN  GOVERNMENT  BUND  (LIFFE) 
DM  258088  • pts  of  180  Pd 
DOC  10624  100.14  10021  +0.14 

Mor  10025  10007  100.14  +0.07 

Jua  100.15  10al5  10009  +007 

Est.  volume:  71.159.  Open  interest:  147081. 


EXTRA 

PMC  Capital 

INITIAL 

Sphere  Drake  Hides 

REDUCED 

Barnwell  Indus  Q 

SPECIAL 

Grlet  Brothers  cl -A  - 28  W-22  12-13 

STOCK  SPLIT 

. Start  1-28  TNI 
. Start  12-22  12-22 
_ 3tor2 

USUAL 

§ 2 


Amer  Pres  Cos 
Camatr  Sciences 
Si  Paul  Bancorp 


1-4  13-20 


Q 
Q 
O 
A 

a .10 
o * 
o 02 

Q MV* 

a 05 


09  1-3  12-16 

34  1-31  INI 
.16  3-1  2-7 

00  2-1  1-18 
32  12-31  12-13 
02  1-4  12-21 

M M3 
1-1  12-13 

2-18  M4 


Aclovo  Group  Inc 
Banda  McGlecktin 
Biesairtgs  Corp 
Crpr  AmaxMlneris 
Fed  Home  Loan  Mte 
Fisher  Sdenttflc 
Flight  Sofery  Infl 
Grief  Brothers  d-A 
KCS  Energy 
r.atv  indust  rets 
Keliniey  mstrmnts 
New  Jersey  Resaur 
ShavrtxKrt  Inc 
Snvder  Oil  Ccorp 
Standard  Com  ml 
Total  System  Svcs 
US  Wast  me 
o-aneoal;  m-mentntY;  Q-eoarteriy;  s-semV 
unouol 


80£ 


1-29  12-31 
12-31 


...  12-20 
1-3  12-15 

1-15  12-15 

Q 08  12-31  12-15 

Q .10  3-14  24 

Q 03%  1-3  12-16 

a J3%  2-1100 


Source:  UP!. 


U.S./AT  THE  aost 


Accord  Reached  to  End  Coal  Strike 


WASHINGTON  (Combined  Dispatches) —The  Uniioi  NfincWmk- 
ers  of  America  and  die  nation’s  largest  coal  producers  have  reacnea  a 
tentative  contract  agreement  to  end  a scven-montli  strifee  oy  more  coaa 

17.000  miners  in  seven  states.  , 

A spokesman  for  the  Bituminous  Coal  Operators  Association  smd  the 

agreement  was  reached  with  the  help  of  a federal  mediator.  No  details 
were  provided  on  tbe  terms  of  the  accord. 

The  national  agreement  an  a five-year  con  trad  would  cover  up  to 

60.000  min«TL  officials  said.  If  approved  in  a vote  on  Dec.  14.  u would 

end  walkouts  at  mines  owned  by  Peabody  Holding  Co-,  Consol  Inc.,  Aren 
Mineral  Corp4  Ziegler  Coal  Holding  Co-  Ashland  Coa!  I oc.  and  Rodies- 
ter  & Pittsburgh  CoaL  . (V PI.  Bloomberg) 


Strike  Costs  Americas  #160  Million 

DALLAS  (AP)  — The  strike  by  American  Airlines’  flight  attendants 
reduced  profits  by  at  least  S160  nriUion  and  cost  the  cam  Ujg"" 
passeng^  over  the  five  days  of  the  walkout,  the jnrhne  said  Tu«day- 
Tteoompany  repeated  its  earlier  forecast  that  ihe&mkr  wouWeontrib- 
* to  a loss  for  the  final  quarter  of  the  year  as  wefl  as  for  all  of  1993. 


i ne  oompany  repeatea  tis  ranra  ^ — ~ ■ InViQQi 

me  104  loss  for  the  final  quarter  of  the  year  as  uefl  as  for  aB  of  1993. 

Purchasing  Managers  Are  Upbeat 

iirmvnnff  //- r » I Tka’Msiinnill  AcuYU 


NEW  YORK  (Combined  Dispatches)  —The  National  .Association  of 
Purchasing  Management  said  Tuesday  it  < 

— - AliA  F ABP 


x r — ..  ejected  business  to  improve 

next  year  m the  United  States  without  generating  a surge  in  mfiation. 

In  its  cwmiannnat  economic  forecast,  the  association  said  manufactur- 
ing revenue  probably  would  increase  4.7  percenrm  1994.  unadjusted  for 
infix  twin,  wink  inflation  would  rise  a “modest"  2 1 percent.  It  also  said 
that  Christmas  sales  tins  year  would  be  the  brightest  in  10  years. 

Still,  40  percent  of  those  participating  in  the  association's  survey 
predicted  that  manufacturing  employment  would  decline  in  1994,  white 
only  23  percent  expected  it  to  increase.  ( Bloomberg.  Knight-Rubkr) 


Reynolds  to  Absorb  Major  Charges 


NEW  YORK — Reynolds  Metals  Co.  said  Tuesday  that  it  expected  to 

take  a chaige  to  earnings  of  SI 50  million  to  S225  million  after  taxes  for  a 
planned  restructuring  of  its  operations. 

Tbe  company  said  the  restructuring  would  focus  mostly  on  production 
miitK  in  an  effort  to  improve  performance  at  a time  of  “extremely  difficult 
marfrui  conditions  in  the  afcnnimnn  industry."  About  125  jobs  are  to  be  cut , 


Hpinr.  Profit  Up  25%  in  2d  Quarter 

PITTSBURGH  (AP)  — HJ.  Heinz  Co.  said  Tuesday  that  its  profit 
rose  25  percent  in  its  second  financial  quarter  due  to  the  sale  of  two 
an  Italian  candy  unit  and  a Near  East  specialty  rice  business, 
which  boosted  income  by  $62  nnftron. 

Excluding  proceeds  of  the  sates,  profit  fell  15  percent  in  the  quarter 
ended  Oct.  27  due  to  a stronger  U.S.  dollar,  higher  marketing  expenses 
and  a higher  tax  rate.  Net  income  was  computed  at  $193.1  million,  up 
253  percent  from  a year  ago. 


For  the  Record 


Katy  Industries  Inc.  has  until  Thursday  to  accept  or  reject  a 528-a-share ' 
takeover  offer  from  Peasler  Capital  Corp.  and  Steiohaidt  Enterprise  Idc... 

deadline  passed  without  response.  (Bloomberg) 


they  said,  after  a Monday  deadline  passed  without  response. 

Deere  & Co.  reported  a 25-foki  rise  in  fourth-quarter  earnings,  buoyed 
by  higher  retail  demand  in  its  North  American  operations.  Profit  from 
operations  was  51033  nriHioa.  up  from  $4.2  twilfion  last  year.  / Bloomberg) 
Upjohn  Co.  named  John  Zabriskie,  a S4-year-ok)  Merck  & Co.  executive, 
as  its  rhairmnn  and  chief  executive  officer.  Upjohn  has  lacked  a chief 
executive  anoe  the  death  of  Theodore  Cooper  in  April  1993.  ( Bloomberg) 
St  Jute  Medcal  Con  the  Wtxkfs  Irading  heart-valve  manufacturer,  said 
h wodd  buy  Etettroniedics  for  $90  million  in  cadi  and  stock.  (Bloomberg) . 


U.S.  FUTURES 


Via  Astooawd  Pmi 


Season  Season 
Hign  low 


Owl7 

Open  High  Low  Ocw  Ob  Op.m 


Grains 


IAS 
344 
330% 

33T6 
142  1D» 

123  311 


367  2000 

184  13519 

342  -aoo'i  5J7* 
329  7J90 

331'/>— 300%  421 

14M4-O00V.  5BQ 
3J4  — 0.01  2 


WHEAT  (CDCnl 

5LOOObuminirm4T>-  Bettors  otvbu&el 
389%  39*  DOC  73  18615  3*9 '-5  361‘* 

300  MorM  384  1 «5».  3®U 

U0  MOV  94  343  lOV.  3®% 

396  JUI94  329%  3X%  338 

302  Sep 74  330%  131%  330-, 

Dec  74  1®  341%  337 

All  95 

ESL  scan  na  Man's,  sales  iqjc 
Man's  Open  M 49,191  011  771 
7WEAT  tKBOTI 

5000  bu  mintaxxn-  dolar*  per  bustiH 
301%  2J3'8D*C71  379  1®  177 

381  258  Mar 74  366%  34*  348 

347  258  MOV  74  3®  347  3«4% 

328  257  JUI94  12*%  329  326 

338%  302% S®  94  328%  IX  326% 

333%  112V.DTC94 

Estsrfes  NA.  Mon's,  soles  *.195 
Man's  OMn  tnt  36®1  up  114 

corn  (awn 

5008 bu  minimum- doltareper  DusM 

736  325% Dec 73  384  L88%  205%  387%  *003  14,7*5 

395  137%  Mar  74  372%  375  372%  394V,  *(UD 9.141  AM 

378  331 % May  94  174%  377%  274' , 397%  .003%  42J81 


300  * 001  418 

187%  -001%  21.118 
346%  .000%  5,162 
327  -0.00%  U3I 

2J8%  H8 

132  -0 00%  658 


Season  Season 
Mah  Law 


Odoi  Hgh  Low  Cta  Chg  (JWM 


Eg.iBhi  140(3  Men's. sales  7®7 
Man's  open  int  93134  rfl  417 
coca*  (ncsb 

18  metric  tons- 1 per  inn 


1506 

919  Dec  93 

1319 

aw 

IMS 

12*8 

1*95 

953 MOT  91 

1312 

13U 

1373 

191 

IM 

97SMOV94 

1330 

1335 

1299 

1301 

1365 

999 Jut  9* 

1343 

1354 

no 

027 

1377 

ion  sot  96 

1360 

1368 

00 

1344 

1309 

1841  Dec  94 

OS5 

1383 

. HI77  MOT  95 

1369 

1360 

nil  Mot  95 

1375 

1375 

1275 

1379 

?4B7 

IBS  All  9S 

73SU 

>350 

1320 See  95 

140* 

—16  473 

— n *1000 
— ' I5U332 

—23  IMS 

—a  son 
.—a  msi 

-13  7423 


ExLsdes  100®  Mot’s. sales  5,743 
Men's  Boer  ini  94085  off  <28 
ORANEE  JUICE  04CTW 
IUB0  Dl-  cents  per  a. 

13370  *315 Jan 94  10070  1*205  10070 

13475  8450  Mar  94  10250  105®  10340 

13500  B70O  MOV  9*  10600  10730  106® 

13500  lOUSJulT*  10800  11O0O  10800 

13430  IOSS3SC094  12315  713IJ  11325 

11100  10BJ0NOV94  10950  W5*  10750 

13200  10350  Jwi  75  110X0  110®  10755 

110®  10600 Mar  95 

MOT  75 

Est.  soles  3 000  Marti.  OSes  MS 
Man's  open  ini  20,106  all  154 


-73  335* 
— n 383 


Mob  Law 


Opvi  HM  Law  One  Ctn  OaJnt 


02345 

10570 

W7J3 

11315 

0315 

113® 

TO® 

113® 

1050 


t-31511 
t-US  5021 


*3® 
*0® 
♦ 4® 
*4® 


4-4® 


205 

2X1  JulM  294% 

297% 

194% 

297%  .003%  a 250 

279 

2X0%  Sep  9J  278% 

2® 

278% 

279%  ,0C%  7J73 

IWHUI5 

2X7% 

206%Dec«4  202% 

204 

202% 

263%  *001%  28.231 

274% 

253WMOT95  268% 

270 

208% 

209%  *001%  715 

HI  GRADE  COPraR 

1*0900 

EsL  salet  NA  Mot's,  sale 

47585 

25009  tas.-ow*i  per  to. 

109® 

72®  DecR 

77® 

77® 

7470 

7475 

* 005 

X405 

SOYBEANS  (CBOT1 

104X0 

7253 JOTW 

77® 

7765 

71® 

77® 

♦0.15 

1*530 

S®0  bu  mbiimim-  dollars  per  Bushei 

15750 

7300  MOT  9*1 

78® 

7134 

77X1 

+4M44®* 

*77 

454  *004%  64111 

09® 

74®  Air  94 

71® 

71® 

78® 

7775 

♦O.W 

70* 

SjnOMlteM  608% 

491% 

483% 

490%  *005  34195 

10220 

7168  MOVW 

78® 

71® 

777S 

7790 

♦in 

7.01 

751 

577%  Mot  94  490 

492% 

485 

491%  *003%  2*335 

89® 

7410  Jun  94 

71® 

78.10 

71W 

78.W 

♦0.10 

SD 

750 

59«%JU<94  490% 

473 

485V. 

497%  *003%  34307 

15295 

7420 JX  94 

7180 

78® 

71® 

7125 

•am 

4X7D 

70S 

438  AU9  9*  487 

4BBVi 

482% 

608%  *0®  3,725 

103® 

74®  SOT  « 

71® 

79® 

7150 

71® 

♦0.10 

476 

417  SeP  94  440 

902 

457 

*01  % •004%  2X13 

10150 

7575 Dec  94 

7*25 

79® 

79® 

7*15 

+0.10 

1938 

7J7V. 

555%  NOT  94  438% 

L40% 

43* 

679%  *O0Z%  10516 

8450 

7490 Jot  95 

79® 

• 0.W 

456 

418% JOT 95  4*4% 

6X6% 

442 

4X5%  *003%  377 

99® 

71®  Feb  95 

77® 

77® 

77® 

77 25 

♦aio 

40 

446  MCT9S  44* 

451 

*.47% 

651  *004  i 

8450 

74®  Mot  95 

80® 

8050 

7970 

79® 

♦aw 

431 

454% 

4X6  All  95 

454  *001  70 

88® 

7483 May  93 

80® 

♦aio 

450% 

501  % Nov 95  436 

636 

424 

*7S  71 

85® 

78®  Jul  95 

8035 

♦aio 

155 

Ed.  safes  NA  Man's,  soles 

33,731 

■480 

73®Aog93 

78X5 

♦a» 

4UB 

Mot'S  open  Irf  lt/^D  off 

SB 

80® 

79.10  Sop  95 

MJD 

♦aio 

SOYBEAN  MEAL  (CBOD 

7435 

7570  Od  95 

- 

78® 

♦aw 

1 00  lorer  doOcis  per  km 

7870 

7775 Nov  95 

7193 

♦aio 

140® 

18340 Dec  93  30600 

208.® 

20410 

20*50  -050  5,994 

Est.  sole 

9000  Man's,  sales 

8717 

239 JO 

184X0  JOT  M 20530 

20470 

20*00  -050  27.9*4 

0 it  r. 

23750 

16530  Mot  94  20450 

ZD490 

20X30 

*0420  22.141 

SILVER 

INCM30 

23200 

I8S5D Alloy  94  20400 

20460 

281.90 

70300  —0.10  10X37 

4008  fray  OL- cents  per  troy  oe. 

23000 

19330X4  94  20420 

20470 

28110 

20300  -010  9054 

sao 

3620OK  93 

4820 

4950 

4820 

4900 

7WP0 

19350  Aug  94  2(000 

20400 

20200 

70100  —470  3098 

5440 

3685  Jot  94 

*825 

4840 

4825 

4916 

21000 

19360  Sep  94  20150 

201® 

201® 

201®  *0®  1085 

4*80 

4*10  Feb  94 

ent 

194000(294  199® 

199® 

198® 

19850  *8®  8*7 

5545 

3640 Mar  94 

«40 

4950 

4855 

49*3 

+10  62X34 

TTXJODsCTX  19600  17*00  19650 
ES. sales  NA.  Mon's.satas  8J9? 

Man's  open  W *1718  OB  736 

SOYBEAN  (XL  ICBC3T) 

60000  *»-  donors  per  100  Ds. 


2656 

2695 

2670 

2640 


25® 

2670 

2670 

7470 


1974  Dec  W 

2*00 

7777 

7604 

77  3* 

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2490 

27.18 

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27.14 

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27.15 

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27.11 

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2445 

1475 

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71 55  Jul  W 

2110 

7415 

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7435 

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NA.  M0rt*6  Mies  13476 
Man’s  oeenirt  P.981  ad  UI 


Livestock 

I CATTLE 

(CMER) 

40000  B»l- cerfi  pot  fc. 

7665 

tolODecB 

TITS 

71.95 

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>1.12 

»a«Feb9« 

73.17 

73.17 

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I Man's  open  tal  10742 

HOGS  ICMEW 

40000  tes. 

-certs  Per  4» 

51® 

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39®  Aar  94 

40.95 

4702 

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4430  Jul  94 

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50.70 

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4018  Mon'S  Safes 

Man's  open  Irf  00*5 

PORKBaJJES  (CMER} 

400004k. 

- cents  Bar  lb. 

*1.15 

39. 10  Feb  94 

5175 

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95®  7071  Jun 95  9135  91U  .9509  9X13 

95X2  9731 Septs  - 94®  961?  Ml?  9695 : 

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Sep  9*  1X740 

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BtsotaS  Z&4W  Atoll'S. gates  36285 
MentOOtolM  42023  UP  3996 
CANADIAN  DOLLAR  (CME3U. 

SPOT  I*r- 1 paHMMB  W0OO1 
0003  07 4*5 Dec  93  07565  U566  07548  07556 

00712  nJXtMtrt*  07541  0756  0737  07MS 

07RB  07X5  Jun 94  07514  07544  07533  07133 

077®  073155(094  <13322  07538  &7S20  07520 

07670  07315  Dec  94  07S1J 

OTS15  OT4<JMcr9S  075D4 

Est  sates  70®  Mamksatas  26SW 
MOO'S OPenH  37068  UP  3433 
GERMAN  MARX  ICMBU 

Jptonmrt- 1 NdPtfOWto  a 0001 
0X660  6J657Dec93  0J829  0®83  05858  05(74 

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oxva  QJ4Q7JUT94  O50N  0J8B5  0J795  0®07 

04065  m35S*p94  . . 0990 

Est.ptoB  SLS92  MOT X. sales  126599 
Mon'S  Open  tat  UQ.17B  up  4179 
junuescYsi  {cmso 
5 POrw  1 paw  eauats  SUM0001 

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Reuters 
Dj.  Futures 
Com.  Reseorch 


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-22204 


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An  American  Wrangle  in  Georgia 

U.S.  Firm  and  Republic  Battle  Over  Phone  Contract 


Frankfurt 

DAX 


***^  \ry  1 


"W 


i i '■I  ■ ‘ I j 


gS»%gSS!!£ 

rt^lques50n  “ wheth«r  we  will 
stul  have  a German  a<lfpspaer 

djgiy  in  three  years,"  the  Deut- 
scne  Aerospace  chairman,  JflrEen 
Schrempp  sad  Monday  night 

Schronpp  ala,  raised  the 

possibility  that  the  company 

winch  simained  a net  lo^of  341 
Deutsche  marks  ($200  nril- 

Si  “thriT  *°i  e^as  a]ossi° 

the  three  figure  mubous  of  Doit- 
s'*6 marks  for  1993  —might  with- 
draw from  the  defense  seSor. 

“We  hope  to  be  able  to  maintain 
ourselves  m the  sector,  but  Tin  real- 
ly not  sure.  If  dungs  continue  as 
they  are.  if  projects  are  permanent- 
ly scaled  down  or  shelved,  we  win 
be  obliged  to  ask  ourselves  if  it  is 
possible  to  continue  in  the  sector," 
Mr.  Schrempp  said. 

He  affirmed,  however,  that 
Deutsche  Aerospace  betieved  it 

would  return  to  profit  in  1995  after 

expected  losses  m 1993  ami  1994, 
due  mainly  to  restructuring. 

He  also  said  cots  in  the  German 
military  budget  and  the  absence  of  a 

government  program  for  promoting 
aerospace  could  lead  to  farther  job 
reductions  at  Deutsche  Aerospace, 


which  has  already  announced  its 
force  wffl  be  reduced  by 
ItijQOQ,  to  70,000,  by  1996. 

The  company  has  called  on  the 
government  to  increase  support  for 
the  aerospace  industry  at  a time  of 
weak  international  demand  and  to 
ease  strict  laws  governing  the  ex- 
port of  arms. 

_ Mr.  Schrempp  said  domestic  po- 
litical uncertainties  had  prompted 
Deutsche  Aerospace  to  discuss  the 
possibility  of  producing  the  19-seat 
turboprop  Doraicr  228  in  China. 

Mexico,  he  said,  has  expressed 
interest  in  btnkfing  the  more  pow- 
erful Dander  328.  The  company 
has  about  50  firm  orders  and  nearly 
30  options  for  the  33-sealer,  most 
of  them  in  the  United  States. 

Mr.  Schrempp  said  Deutsche 
Aerospace’s  restructuring  would 
include  selling  Dormer  Medizin- 
terimik  GmbH,  the  unprofitable 
subsidiary  of  Dornier  Lnftfahrt 


wauwaa,  iu  nw>  vpuvoi  jjjniiiij  jmvt 

ducer  Jenaoptik  GmbfL 

Deutsche  Aerospace  is  also 
studying  ventures  in  guided-missfic 
and  satellite  tednwfogywith  Aero- 
spatiale of  France^-  he  sakL 

Mr.  Schrempp  precficted  1993 
rales  would  be  17  MKnn  to  18  bil- 
bon  DM,  compand  with  17 3 bOBon 
DM-  in  1992.  But  he  said  «wmngg 
would  be  burdened  by  about  1 b3- 
fion  DM  in  costs  far  restructuring 
and  job  cuts.  (Reuter*,  AFX) 


By  Barry  Meier 
and  Raymond  Bonner 

New  York  Tunes  Service 

NEW  YORK— Three  years  ago,  a fledg- 
ling New  York-based  company  persuaded 
officials  in  the  Soviet  republic  of  Georgia  to 
give  it  an  exclusive  25-year  contract  to  erect 
an  elaborate  international  telephone  system 
to  connect  it  to  the  world  in  general. 

What  Georgia  has  received  so  far  is  a 
system  on  which  no  more  than  six  people  can 
make  international  calls  at  the  same  time  — 
plus  stacks  of  telecommunications  equipment 
still  sitting  on  the  lawn  of  the  nations  parlia- 
ment building. 

After  the  Georgian  government  dunged 
hands  lastyear,  its  officials  concluded  that 
Videotd  Think  Tank  Crap,  of  Hempstead, 
New  York,  was  not  op  to  the  task.  So  they 
terminated  the  contract,  which  the  company 
valued  at  $45  million,  they  sued  it  for  fraud, 
and  they  opened  talks  wi  th  American  Tele- 
phone & Telegraph  Co.  and  other  companies. 

But  Videotd,  which  denied  any  wrongdo- 
ing and  Named  Georgia's  civil  war  for  its 
problems,  was  not  ready  to  give  up. 

In  the  midst  of  Georgia’s  war,  the  U.S. 
ambassador  to  Georgia,  Kent  Brown,  flew  to 
the  front  last  month  to  visit  Eduard  A.  She- 
vardnadze, Georgia’s  leader,  and  asked  him 
to  restore  the  company’s  satellite  link. 

“We  want  to  make  sure  that  foreign  mar- 
kets are  open  to  American  companies  and 
contracts  are  respected,"  said  Strobe  Talbott, 
ambassador-at-large  to  the  Commonwealth 
of  Independent  States,  the  successor  to  the 
Soviet  Union.  He  and  other  U.S.  officials 
insist  that  they  took  no  special  action  on 
Videotex’s  behalf. 

The  dispute  over  Videotd,  a company  with 
seven  employees  that  has  never  installed  a 
public  telephone  system  and  has  no  profits 


and  no  sizable  office  of  its  mu  reflects  the 
rough-and-tumble  nature  of  doing  business 
in  former  Communist  countries.' 

Besides  producing  lawsuits  worldwide,  the 
fight  has  drawn  in  the  World  Bank  as  a party. 
Last  year,  the  bank  described  Vi  dec  tel  in  \ 
memo  as  a “bottleneck”  impeding  Georgia's 
progress  and  indicated  concerns  about  its 
exclusive  telephone  contract. 

But  Videolei  has  since  persuaded  the  bank 
to  withhold  a $40  million  loan  to  upgrade 

The  dispute  over 
Videotex  a company  with 
seven  employees  that 
has  never  installed  a 
public  telephone 
system,  reflects  realities  of 
business  in  former 
Communist  countries. 


Georgia's  telephone  service  until  Georgian 
officials  honor  the  company’s  contract 
“We  are  caught  in  a whirlwind  between  a 
company  and  a government,"  said  a World 
Bank  official  who  insisted  on  not  being  iden- 
tified. The  loan,  which  could  provide  a bo- 
nanza to  tiny  Videotd,  is  still  pending. 

One  of  Vidootd's  owners,  Easa  Easa,  is  a 
lawyer,  a local  Republican  Party  leader  and 
an  old  friend  of  Senator  Alfonse'  D'Amato,  a 
New  York  Republican. 

The  other  one.  Joseph  L Schwartz.  Video- 
Id's  chief  executive,  was  indicted  three  tunes  in 
New  York  in  1974  on  charges  of  grand  lar- 
cency  involving  accusations  that  be  had  passed 


more  than  5309,000  in  bad  and  forged  checks. 

Mr.  Schwartz  said  he  pleaded  guilty  to  two 
indictments  and  served  two  months  of  a one- 
year  prison  sentence.  “It  was  a long  time  ago. 
and  i »as  a fool."  be  said. 

Others  with  claims  pending  against  Vidco 
tel  or  its  joint  venture  include  Austrian  Post, 
Telephone  & Telegraph,  which  relays  Geor- 
gian Inelcom's  calk,  and  the  Russian  Satel- 
lite Cornmunwations  Co.,  which  carried 
those  calls. 

her  Georgian  officials,  the  issue  is  not 
simply  money  but  regaining  control  over  a 
basic  "service  at  favorable  terms.  Videotel's 
pact  gives  it  80  percent  of  any  profits  from 
Georgian  Imelcom.  which  provides  interna- 
tional phone,  telegraph,  fax  and  mail  service. 

Videotd  invested  5240.000  in  the  venture, 
and  Georgia  added  $60,000.  Five  of  the  seven 
board  seats  went  to  Mr.  Schwartz.  Mr.  Easa, 
their  wives  and  Jack  Easa.  Mr.  Easa's  brother 
and  law  partner. 

“This  means  that  we  had  lost  control  of  a 
strategic  industry,"  said  Nodar  Kbaratishvili, 
the  first  deputy-  in  Georgia’s  Ministry  of 
Communication.  Like  Mr.  Kharatishvili.  Mr. 
Shevardnadze  has  said  bribery  might  have 
been  involved. 

“it  is  other  ignorance,  huge  ignorance,  or 
there  is  some  dun."  Mr.  Shevardnadze  said. 

Mr.  Schwartz  rejected  such  suggestions 
and  said  Georgian  officials  had  broken  the 
deal  because  Videotd  would  not  bribe  them. 
He  also  said  the  contract  was  fair  because 
Videotd  had  assumed  the  project's  risks.  He 
said  Videotd  had  recently  delivered  equip- 
ment he  estimated  to  be  worth  SI  million  but 
that  Georgian  officials  had  refused  iL  “I  fed 
like  it  is  a place  that  is  in  chaos  and  everyone 
does  what  is  best  for  them  and  not  what  is 
best  for  toe  coumrv”  Mr.  Schwartz  said. 


London!  " ' : Perl*  ' 
FTSE 100  Index  •••  CAC40 

330d~ — ’ 3® 


Exchange-:.-.  - 

Amsterdam 
grutieeje  " 

Frankfurt-. 

Frankfurt  . 
Hafelntt  ,-J 
■ London  • 

; London  - -•  “ 

Madrid 

Mian 

Parf*  , •; 
.Stockholm 
Vkwm* 
Zurich' 

Sources:  Reulers, 


CSSTrend  , 
Stock  Index-  ••• : 
■DAX 
FAZ  , 

HEX;  • V ,y 
FtoandajTgnas30' 
FTSE 100  ■ 

General  index  - 

MIS  ...... 

CAC40.  , . . 
Aflaarsvaeridan 

Stock' faidax 


7,32743 

sm: 

SI  £07 
..  1*558.74 

2*428.80 

3,23730- 
= 303,70  . 
1,262.00 
2,178.12 
1,002.18 
■46838  . 
867.89  ' 


Pm.  . % -i  • 

Ctow- .;  Orange 

139.70  +0.07 

7,283.16.  +0.61 
2,11830  ■ -0.16 
61739  . 0.36  , 

'1343  Ad  ♦1.05.. 
2,43830  >0.36 

3,237,30  Uncft  . 
301.49  40-73  ■ 

1,242.00  +1 Jot 

2,186.74  ' -0.49 
1.S8338  ♦1.17 

478.68  -2 jl~ 

888.87  -0.10  . 

liunpan-^ul  Hen  IflTr  hour 


Rhone  to  Dek^Pimhase 

AFP-Extel  Neva 

PARIS  — Rh&ne-Poalenc  SA’s  plan  to  acquire  the  reminder  of 
its  unit  Institut  Mfcrieuz  will  probably  not  happen  before  the 
beaming  of  next  year,  Rhtae  said  cm Tuesday.  -' 

Khdne-Ponlenc  plans  to  Hft  its  stake  in  Meneux  to  100  percent 
from  the  current  5 1 percent 

Executives  said  the  boards  of  the  two  companies  would  deride  an 
Dec.  13  whether  to  approve  the  tarns  of  the  merger  or  postpone  it, 
following  the  Dec.  1 decision  by  Pasteur  Milieux  Serums  & Vaccina, 
an  Lnstitm  Merieux  subsidiary  that  intakes  vaccines,  to  suspend 
production  of  placental  albumen,  Sources  dose  to  the  companies 
said  the  merger  would  probably  be  postponed. 

The  albumen  business  represents  armqal  sales  of  400  million 
francs  (S68  nrilHon),  and  InstitoL  Merieux  has  said  the  decision 
would  cut  1994  earnings  150  mflfion  francs. 


Compiled  by  Oar  Staff  Fnm  Dtspacha 

FRANKFURT  — Crucial  1994 
wage  talks  began  on  Tuesday  in 
Germany's  powerful  metalworking 
industry  as  negotiators  sought  to 
bridge  a huge  gap  between  claims 
by  the  union  IG  Metal!  of  up  to  6 
percent  and  management’s  quest  to 
cut  costs. 

Employers  in  the  northern  state 
of  North  Rhine- Westphalia  initiat- 
ed a round  of  talks  in  the  industrial 
town  of  Krefdd  with  a call  for  a 
wage  freeze  and  cutbacks  in  holi- 
day bonuses. 

In  the  southern  state  of  Bavaria, 


talks  broke  off  after  both  sides  pre- 
sented initial  demands  and  are  not 
scheduled  to  resume  until  Jan.  17. 
The  union  asked  for  a 5 5 percent 
wage  increase. 

Bias  Hadjiandreoc,  an  official 
for  the  union  IG  Metall  in  the 
northern  state,  described  the  em- 
ployers' demands  as  a “damaging 
aggravation"  of  the  situation.  The 
union  is  seeking  a pay  rise  of  up  to 
6 percent  and  wants  job  guarantees 
for  its  members. 


Most  ar 
pay  deal  is 


doubt  that  any 
until  early  1994. 


IG  MetalL  which  represents  32 
million  workers  in  Germany’s  key 
carmakug  and  metalworking  com- 
panies. has  said  that  it  would  agree 
to  a lower  wage  increase  if  employ- 
ers would  guarantee  jobs,  but  it  still 
wants  a pay  rise  to  match  inflation 
of  neatly  4 percent. 

Leaders  of  the  employers'  group 
have  said  they  were  reluctant  to 
guarantee  employment  to  workers 
Lhey  may  no  longer  need. 

Contracts  agreed  for  the  metal- 
working industry  traditionally  set 
the  tone  for  accords  in  other  sec- 


tors. But  other  recent  German 
agreements  point  away  from  an 
agreement  close  to  the  5 .5  or  6 
percent  IG  Metall  is  seeking. 

In  the  insurance  sector,  the  DAG 
union  last  week  accepted  a pay 
agreement  with  a central  dement 
of  a 2 percent  pay  rise. 

At  Volkswagen  AG,  workers 
agreed  last  month  to  take  a 10  per- 
cent cut  in  annua!  pay  and  move  to 
a four-day  work  week  to  enable  the 
struggling  carmaker  to  cut  costs. 

I Reuters,  Kmgfa-Rutder ) 


Very  brlefiys 

• The  European  Community  said  its  unemployment  rate  rose  to  10.7 
percent  of  me  wort  force,  or  slightly  more  than  16  million  people,  in 
October,  up  by  0.1  percentage  point  from  September.  Spain's  rate  was 
calculated  at  21.9  percent  and  that  of  Ireland  at  18.4  percent. 

• Belgium's  central  bank  reduced  its  central  interest  rate  by  half  a point, 
to  7J  percent,  while  Denmark’s  central  bank  cut  the  interest  rate  on 
certificates  of  deposit  by  a quarter  of  a point,  to  7 percent 

• Ladbrofce  PLC  the  troubled  gambling,  real  estate  and  borne  improve- 
ment company,  said  it  was  ranrriing  its  offer  to  give  a dividend  in  stock 
rather  than  cash  due  to  the  recoil  low  price  of  its  stock. 

■ CS  Hohfing’s  shareholders  approved  a proposal  to  raise  the  Swiss 
bank's  capital  by  158  million  Swiss  francs  ($107.3  million),  enabling  it  to 
raise  its  stake  in  Rank  Leu  to  100  percent  from  54  percent. 

■ Russia's  gross  national  product  will  shrink  by  12  percent  in  1993  after 
falling  20  percent  in  1992,  said  Finance  Minister  Boris  G.  Fyodorov. 

AFP.  AFX,  Reuters.  Bloomberg 


GERMANY:^  dimmer  of  Hope 

Continued  from  Page  1 get  back  up  because  they  have  rui 


COMPANY  RESULTS 


GATT:  U.S.  and  EC,  Split  on  Aircraft  and  Films,  Vow  Last-Ditch  Effort 


Sfc.'  • - 


Revenue  and  profits  or 
tosses,  in  mftOona,  on  hi 
local  currencies  unless 
otherwise  intStxrisd. 

Britain 

Grand  MetropamuB 
Year  W1  W1 

Pretax  Net_  TOfl  mm 
Par  Star* — 1W  MM 

^ Raced  Elertrouia 
ut  nan  itn  wn 

£SKs=i£S  35 

PW  Shorn — — M3K 


Seagram 

jw  Otar.  WJ9  l]g 

KST^ioASS  >Ǥ 

Pw-snara — — M* 

9 Mounts  Ug*  1*M 

Bttveam® 4353. 

Pram 232»(a»4U> 

Par  Stare — MS  — 
a:  Loss. 

Germany 

Barer 

M Quar-  ,}%3  •!» 

WSSisz  'ffi  SIS 

Japan 

Hitachi 

m Hatf  in*  „in* 

Ravenu* 373T  3JjJ 

Prom 3Mia 

Par  Stare — ww  1147 
T:  trtUkn 


Hbcfta 

lit  Muff  . W9  ivn 

RavanuiJ — HIT  9JSJ 

Pram atzoia. 

PwStar*—.-  SM 

T:  Trillion,  a;  Um.  - 
- Marubeni  --  • 

lit  Hoff  1*93  , UM  ' 

R»Yimoi_^.7Jn  TBJST 

Profit 4570.  rn 

Pir  Short - 3M  lit 

T:  triltkm. 

■■■  MltnMsM . 

WHOM  - .1  19*3  1913  ■ 

RavnMio___  UlT  M*T 

Profit : 12220.  1M9Q. 

Par  Stare  73*  9JT 
T:  Trillion. 

Mitsui 

1st  Half  1*93  1992 

Rtvanua — UT  JUST 
Prom  U0B.  loom. 

Par  Share—  SM  *30 

T:  TrHUon  ' 

Toshiba 

lit  Half  1*93  191* 

Par  Sharon-  . . .107  . . U2 
T:  Trfttart.  -. 

Hatharlanda 

.INC  Bonk 

9 fMnttn  1993  TM 

ProW- U».  1WI 

Per  Stare—  S30  . i-H 


IMtod  States 


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tkQaar.  ‘"1994-  1993 

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OparNat lS3o  15200. 

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Natlnc.  2116  2070 

Par  Share — 191  073 

roar  vn  tm 

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Rwsult*  hi  US.  taltare. 


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mow.  m»  l jn 

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P«-  Share — 230  US 

MS-  ^ ^ 
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Per  Share — — am 

Year  - 1991  1992 

-Bfe=  ig 

Per  Shore—  157  2M 


Omttoued  from  Page  1 

country  that  has  long  been  seen  as  the  biggest 
obstacle  to  a deal — Fiance — expressed  satis- 
faction with  the  Kantor-Brittan  talks. 

Although  the  Flench  foreign  minister,  Alain 
Juppi,  blamed  Mr.  Kantor  for  the  lade  of  a full 
trade  settlement  he  cl  aimed  “decisive  pro- 
gress" on  agriculture.  Mr.  Kantor  agreed  to  a 
series  of  farm  concessions  demanded  by 
Fiance,  including  a more  gradual  phasing  in  of 
export-subady  cuts  that  will  allow  Europe  to 
export  an  extra  8 million  tons  of  grain  over  the 
next  six  years. 

. France's  remaining  demands  for  supporting 
a GATT  deal  largely  involve  concessions  from 


its  EC  partnera,  but  Germany  warned  that  there 
would  be  no  new  money  from  hs  purse . 

American  and  EC  officials  expressed  opti- 
mism about  resolving  their  differences  over 
films  and  aircraft,  but  that  will  not  be  easy.  The 
sectors  are  America's  two  biggest  export  earn- 
ers, after  agriculture,  and  President  Bui  Clinton 
has  made  dear  pledges  of  support  to  Boeing 
Co.  and  to  the  entertainment  industry. 

Europe  fears  that  its  cultural  identity  will  be 
threatened  if  Hollywood  captures  more  of  its 
movie  and  television  market,  and  it  is  deter- 
mined to  protect  gains  made  by  Airbus  Indus- 
trie, now  the  second-largest  plane-builder  after 
Boeing. 


Mr.  Kantor  said  the  talks  on  film  broke  down 
over  Europe’s  refusal  to  share  royalties  with 
American  actors  and  producers,  who  dominate 
the  European  box  office.  Many  EC  countries 
levy  a tax  on  sales  of  blank  audio  and  video 
cassettes,  with  the  proceeds  split  between  Eu- 
rope’s subsidy  kitty  for  filmmakers  and  royalty 
payments  to  actors,  writers  and  producers  of 
films  based  on  their  share  of  the  cinema  market. 

With  the  exception  of  Germany,  countries 
deny  royalty  payments  to  non-European  actors 
and  producers.  An  American  source  said  the 
payments  amounted  to  hundreds  of  millions  of 
dollars  a year. 


percent  in  September.  Its  target  for 
1993  was  4 5 to  65  percent. 

Hflmar  Kopper,  chairman  of 
Deutsche  Bank  AG,  whose  corpo- 
rate contacts  encompass  all  of  Ger- 
man industry,  predicted  Tuesday 
that  Western  Germany's  economic 
recovery  would  be  “very,  very  flat." 

“Yes,  we’ve  hit  bottom,  but  we 
win  still  be  there  for  quite  a while,” 
be  said,  announcing  a 50  percent 
increase  in  the  bank's  loan  nsk  pro- 
lusions this  year,  to  3 billion  Deut- 
sche marks  (Si. 75  billkm),  a record 
high. 

“Experience  shows  that  at  this 
point  m recessions  a lot  of  compa- 
nies fall  down  and  are  not  able  to 


get  back  up  because  they  have  run 
out  of  resources,"  he  said. 

Economists  were  particularly 
wary  of  a 1.6  percent  quarter-on- 
quarter  jump  in  private  consump- 
tion. Consumers  are  known  to  have 
become  more  careful  with  their 
spending  since  the  summer  as  fear 
of  layoffs  spreads,  and  the  Federal 
Stas  tics  Office  in  Wiesbaden  said  h 
would  not  recommend  extrapolat- 
ing one  quarter’s  figures  to  paint  a 
rosy  picture  of  growth. 

“The  squeeze  on  real  incomes, 
tiring  unemployment  and  an  in- 
creasing tax  bunlen  all  suggest  that 
the  consumer  will  be  very  careful 
over  the  coating  year,”  said  Rich- 
ard Rod,  an  economist  at  UBS. 


ANNOUNCES  SELLING  PRODUCTION  OF 
NATURAL  SPONGE  OF  THE  PRESENT 
SEASON  AS  THE  FOLLOWING 


NABISCO:  Company  Flans  to  Cut  6,000  Jobs  to  Spur  Profit  Next  Year 


Confined  ban  Plage  15. 

combination  of  junk-bond  offer- 
ings and  bank  loans  that  has  bur- 
dened it  with  interest  payments  of 
$9.  npltion  a day. 

The  deal  appeared  to  be  wring 
well  at  first,  as  Kohlbera  Kravis 
dramatically  reduced  RJR  Nabis- 
co’s  debt  load  and  returned  the 
company  to  public  ownership  in  a 


highly  successful  stock  offering. 

However,  the  tobacco  price  war 
has  hurt  the  company.  Its  stock 
price  has  fallen  about  50  percent 
from  its  peak  value  of  S13.  The 
shares  were  up  37.5  cents,  at 
$6,625,  in  late  New  York  Stock 
Exchange  trading  Tuesday. 

Standard  & Poor’s  Corp.,  mean- 
while, said  it  may  downgrade  $13 


billion  of  RJR  Nabisco’s  senior 
debt,  subordinated  debt  and  pre- 
ferred stock.  S&P,  which  has  had 
RJR’s  ratings  under  review,  said  it 
would  monitor  competition  in  the 
American  tobacco  market  and  its 
impact  on  the  company,  tax  issues, 
the  effects  of  RJR  Nabisco’s  cost- 
cutting  programs  and  tie  prospects 
for  its  nonlobacco  businesses. 
S&Fs  BBB-minus  rating  on  RJR’s 


senior  debt  is  the  lowest  level  con- 
sidered investment-grade. 

Fitch  Investors  Service  Inc.  af- 
firmed its  ratings  on  about  S10J2 
billion  of  RJR  senior  and  subordi- 
nated debt,  including  its  BBB  se- 
nior-debt rating. 

RJR  said  that,  excluding  its  do- 
mestic tobacco  lines,  nine-month 
operating  profit  was  up  16  percent 
(UP I,  Reuters,  Knigfa-Ridder.  AP) 


HONY  COMB 
TURKEY  CUP 
ZIMOKA 


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Sfircialgilt  rate*  fee  nw>  — ibnoiBtaii  only.  Ofllff\aEdi1giougb  Jtumry  31. 149k 


, m.  »ns  ihe  w.  von  mo*  ’»***c«'  «« 


JJ  L>°  IjS&} 


Page  HI 


ASIA/PACIFK 


6 Airbus  Craft 


■ ^ONG — Cathay  Padf- 
k Airways,  HcogXon^ss  flag  cam- 

Antms  lnoustne  for  six  A-340-300 

“waftatapriceofSSOl  mflBonto 

P0081  lts^nJOiram-capaaty  rentes 
between  Europe  and  Ask. 

Cfflhay,  due  to  take  delivery  of 
the  planes  in  1996  and  1997,  sad  it 

wasasx* 

pkon§  them  as  the  new  lets  amroi 

■ ™ j*  * v®7  8°<xl  tune  to  boy 
atraaft,  said  a Cathay  spokes- 

“I/s  a buyras*  naST^ 
tterc  at  the  moment  because  the 
business  is  very  depressed." 

8?06*  “ a^dyst  for 
Standard  Chartered  Securities, 
agreed  that  “this  is  a good  tmre  j© 
be  doing  this  with  companies  Eke 
Boeing  laying  off  staff/ 

The  six  orders  replace  ax  of  14 
options  Cathay  had  on  A-330-300 
aircraft  from  Airbus.  The  other 
eight  option  for  A-330-300s  re- 
open,  said  the  spokeswoman. 
The  latest  orders  are  in  addition 
to  10  mecBum-range  Airbus  A-330- 
300s  ordered  in  1989  for  delivery  m 
J995  and  1996  to  replace  Cathay’s! 
aging  Lockheed  fleet  The  anEneis 


due  to  take  delivery  of  11 
B«ing:  777s  between  1996  and 
1^98  and  four  Boeing  747-400s  in 
the  next  three  years. 

Cathay  HwirmBTi  Peur  Sutch 
said  the  purchase  was  consistent 
'Kith  a cost-cutting  of  the 

P*>t  two  years:  “The  A-340  is  an 
extramriy  economic  aircraft  to  oper- 
ate and  win  contribute  to  the  kmg- 
tenn  orufhakafity  of  die  gfrKtw? 

“Although  Cathay,  and  indeed 
the  whole  airline  industry,  axe  cur- 
rently faring  difficult  tunes,  we  be- 
here  that  this  is  a good tune  to  boy 
aircraft,  given  that  we  foresee  a 
better  business  environment  in  the 
second  half  of  the  decade."  Mr. 
Sutch  said. . 

^ The  new  aircraft  would  also  give 
Cathay  the  opportunity  to 
launching  services,  to.  cjties  such  as 
Bedin  and  Madrid  from  Hong 
Kong,  said  the  Cathay  spokeswom- 
an. Such  services  may  be  uneconom- 
ic Bring  larger  aircraft,  she  added. 

CKM  International,  a joint  ven- 
ture between  France's  Snecma,  the 

prvm«nent.^wn^niimnfiw^mT»rrf 

je*  engines,  and  General  Electric  Co. 
of  the  United  States,  said  it  obtained 
a contract  worth  S21D  miHkm  to 


to  equip  the  six  newly  ordered  Air- 
bus plates.  • (Bloomberg,  Reuters) 


Sanyo  to  Make 
Flash  Chips  for 
U.S.  Concern 

Agmee  France-Prase 

TOKYO  — Sanyo  Electric’ 
Co.  annonncedolans  Tuesday 
to  invest  22  bSnoa  yen  ($200 
mfllkmjas  part  of  an  agreef' 
ment  to  irailtn  flash  memory 
chips  under  license  from  Sili- 
con Storage  Technology  Inc. 

Sadao  Kondo,  general  man-, 
ager  at  the  company's  semi- 
conductor business  headquar- 
ters, said  the  investment 
covered  a new  wafer  produc- 
tion line  at  Sanyo’s  semican-' 
doctor  plant  in  Niigata. 

The  new  line  is  scheduled  to 
start  operating  in  1995  with 
output  of  ax-mefa  wafers  esti- 
mated at  18,000 units  a month. 
Hash  memory  drips  do  not 
lose  data  when  disconnected 
from  their  power  sources.  ! 


Hong  Kong  Clears  Broker 

Morgan  Stanley  Scrutinized  on  China 


Reuters 

HONG  KONG  — The  Securities  and  Futures 
Commission  has  cleared  Morgan  Stanley  & Co.  of 
wrongdoing  after  it  sent  local  stock  prices  soaring 
and  then  plunging  with  conflicting  recommenda- 
tions on  China. 

. A spokesman  for  the  commission.  Welsey  Me- 
Dade,-  said  Tuesday  that  die  conclusion  had  fol- 
lowed an  investigation  into  whether  the  Wall 
Street  giant's  stock  and  futures  dealers  had  ad- 
vance notice  of  the  recommendations  by  two  of  its 
leading  analysts. 

The  Morgan  Stanley  affair  provoked  a debate 
on  the  role  or Wall  Street  bouses  that  trade  both  on 
their  own  behalf  and  for  clients,  and  whose  most 
prominent  analysts  can  sometimes  send  prices  up 
or  down  sharply  with  their  forecasts  and  recom- 
mendations. 

Under  roles  against  insider  trading,  investment 
houses  must  warn  off  their  research  and  trading 
departments  from  one  another  to  ensure  that  deal- 
ers caxmol  profit  by  learning  of  potentially  market- 
moving  recommendations  by  their  colleagues  be- 
fore the  rest  of  the  market  knows  of  them. 

Mr.  McDadc  said  the  commission  had  looked  at 
whether  Morgan  Stanley  had  the  appropriate  pro- 
cedures in  place  to  “control  the  flow  of  informa- 
tion within  the  firm." 

He  said  a review  of  the  Firm's  trading  activities 
in  both  Hong  Kong  equities  and  Hang  Seng  Index 
futures  bad  disclosed  that  Morgan  Stanley  did 
have  such  appropriate  procedures  in  place  and  that 
its  traders  “bad  no  advance  knowledge”  of  any  the 
information  contained  in  the  reports. 

“That’s  the  end  of  the  story,"  he  said. 

The  issue  began  with  a report  in  September  in 
which  Barton  Biggs,  chairman  of  Morgan  Stanley 
Asset  Management,  prod  aimed  himself  to  be  “max- 
imum huffish"  about  China's  future  economic 
growth.  His  comment  provoked  a frenzy  of  buying 


by  American  mutual  funds  using  Herts  Kcr.:  as  a 
gateway  to  the  mainland  Chinese  market. 

As  Japanese  and  European  investors  jeered  in. 
the  Hang  Seng  Index  powered  ahead  airncs:  JO 
percent,  reaching  a peak  on  Nov.  15  of  9 

The  market  then  retreated,  and  later  that  week 
Morgan  Stanley  announced  it  was  rcdunir.s  its 
exposure  to  Hong  Kong  relative  to  other  marieis. 
saying  the  flows  of  Tunes  into  investments  based 
on  the  Chinese  economy  had  created  a "bub?!  jj  371 
the  Hong  Kong  market." 

Thai  recommendation  sent  the  market  tumbirag 

Regulators  said  the 
brokerage  firm's  traders  had 
"no  advance  knowledge"  of 
its  analysts"  reports  on 
Beijing's  economy. 

Nov.  19.  causing  a flurry  0/  rumors  and  wide- 
spread cynicism  among  the  local  brokerage  com- 
munity about  Morgan  Stanley's  strategy  . 

The  Hang  Seng  Index  rebounded  ar.d  passed  its 
Nov.  15  high  on  Tuesday,  closing  at  9.736.57.  ur 
126.88  points. 

Morgan  Stanley  welcomed  the  commission's 
conclusion,  saying  it  bad  strict  procedures  ar.d  a 
40-member  compliance  department  to  ensure  that 
its  research  and  trading  activities  were  separated. 

“Although  no  breach  of  this  policy  lock  place. 
Morgan  Stanley  obviously  does  sat  uike  lightly  the 
rumors  or  speculation  about  the  integrity  of  its 
operations  or  its  commitment  to  the  interests  of  its 
clients,”  it  said. 


Korean  Carmakers  See  Sales  Rise  in  ’94 


" . Reuters 

■ SEOUL — South  Korean  carmakers,  encour- 
aged by  boonring  sales  this  year,  said  on  Tues- 
day they  expected  a.  Anther  rise  in  1994. 

Analysts  said  Sooth  Korea’s  total  production 
would  increase  to  235  million  units  next  year 
front  rtwa  year’s  estimated  2.04  miTHnn,  while 
exports  would  rise  to  as  high  as  800,000  from 


; for  theindustiy  would  increase  a healthy 
15.  percent  to  19  trillion  won  (523.46  billion)  next 
ycaffrom.this  year's  estimated  165  trillion  won, 
they -Said;  . 
ibei 


expected  sales  rises  of  between  16.4  and  II 
percent  thanks  to  a steady  rise  in  domestic  and 
overseas  .demand 

‘‘Domestic  customers  will  continue  to  boy 
cars  next  year,  attracted  by  new  models.  And 
world  demand  will  continue  to  be  strong,”  said 
Song  Sang-hooo,  analyst  at  the  Korea  Autpano- 
bfleAfanufactnrers’  Association. 

. ; Emerging  inaikels  such  as  Latin.  America, 
Sbulheast  Aria  and  China  are  expected  to  sharp- 
ly increase  imports  of  South  Korean  cars  not. 


year.  Mr.  Song  said  the  strength  of  the  yen  would 
hdp  make  South  Korean  cars  more  attractive. 

“The  favorable  conditions  that  helped  in- 
crease car  sales  this  year  will  remain.  On  top  of 
that,  the  world’s  economy  is  likely  to  recover  in 
1994,"  said  Chung  Phfl-kycmg,  director  of  Kia 
Motors  Corp.'s  export  division. 

Hyundai  Motor  Co.,  South  Korea's  largest 
carmaker,  expects  sales  to  to  increase  16.4  per- 
cent, to  83  trillion  won,  next  year  from  this 
year’s  estimated  73  trillion  won.  a company 
spokesman  said.  Production  is  projected  to  rise 
21.1  percent,  to  1.15  nriffion  units,  from  an 
estimated  950,000  units,  he  sahL 
Of  total  production,  about  36  percent,  or 
410,000  units,  would  be  exported  up  20.4  per- 
cent from  this  year’s  estimated  335,000  units. 

“Our  new  models,  notably  the  Elaotra  com- 
pact and  Sonata  H sedans,  which  were  popular 
this  year  among  overseas  customers,  are  eject- 
ed to  maintain  their  momentum.  In  addition, 
we  plan  to  increase  exports  of  small  trucks  and 
vans  sharply,"  the  Hyundai  spokesman  said 
Kia,  whose  sales  are  expected  to  reach  4.2 
triffion  won  this  year,  projected  sales  of  5.6 


India  Admits 

Foreign 

Brokers 

Reutcn 

BOMBAY  — India  has  given 
foreign  brokerage  houses  their  first 
chance  to  operate  in  the  country, 
allowing  four  firms  to  place  orders 
on  behalf  of  overseas  institutional 
investors,  officials  said  Tuesday. 

James  Capei  £ Co..  Marlin  Part- 
ners U.K.  Ltd..  KJemwon  Benson 
investment  Securities  (Asia)  Lid. 
ar.d  Credit  Lyonnais  Securities 
lAsiaj  Lid.  are  the  First  firms  al- 

ifwsd  to  pi^ce  orders  on  behalf  of 
overseas  funds,  according  to  Pratip 
Kar.  executive  director  of  the  Secu- 
rities and  Exchange  Board  of  India. 

“This  will  give  foreign  brokers  a 
bigger  role  ir.  Indian  markets.  Until 
now  they  were  only  doing  liaison 
between' their  clients  and  Indian 
brokers.”  Sir.  Kar  said. 

Last  year,  for  the  first  time  since 
independence  in  1947.  India  al- 
lowed select  foreign  institutions  to 
invest  in  its  22  stock  markets.  Since 
the  opening  of  the  markets,  124 
foreign  funds  have  registered  with 
the  government  and  have  invested 
up  to  S65G  million.  Mr.  Kar  said. 

Foreign  brokers  with  offices  in 
Bombay  said  they  were  already  do- 
ing extensive  work  for  overseas  cli- 
ents. “We  are  already  doing  every- 
thing a broker  does,  except  write  a 
contract."  said  Mark  BulJough, 
managing  director  of  Jardine  Flem- 
ing India'  Securities. 

Still  analysis  said  foreign  funds 
were  likely  to  boost  investments  be- 
cause ordering  through  foreign  bro- 
kers would  ensure  secrecy. 


trillion  won  in  1994.  A Kia  spokesman  said 
production  would  reach  780.000  units  next 
year,  up  from  1993's  620,000  units.  Exports  will 
soar  to  260,000  units  from  an  estimated  160.000 
units. 

He  said  sales  of  the  new  model  Sephia  and 
four-wheel-drive  Sponage  had  picked  up  and 
shipments  of  cars  as  kits  would  help  increase 
Kia’s  total  exports. 

“We  will  benefit  from  our  new  model  cars. 
They  will  enable  us  to  expand  overseas  sales 
greatly,  which  have  been  limited  by  our  ties 
with  joint- venture  partners,”  the  Kia  spokes- 
man said. 

Kia's  sub-compact  Pride,  called  Festiva  over- 
seas, is  produced  in  a technical  tie-up  with 
Mazda  Motor  Co.  and  sold  overseas  through 
Ford  Motor  Co.'s  sales  network. 

Daewoo  Motor  Co.  said  it  expected  its  sales 
to  increase  453  percent,  to  3 2 trillion  won.  next 
year  from  this  year’s  estimated  2 2 trillion  won. 
A Daewoo  executive  said  1994  production 
would  rise  to  400,000  units,  180,000  of  them 
from  this  year’s  estimated  310,000 

ides. 


Aerospace  Plan 
For  Malaysia 

Reuters 

LANGKAWI  ISLAND. 
Malaysia  — Prime  Minister 
Mahathir  bin  Mohamad  said 
Tuesday  that  Malaysia  was 
moving'  aggressively  into  the 
aerospace  industry.’ 

He  said  at  an  aerospace  ex- 
hibition that  Malaysia  would 
begin  manufacturing  the  Ger- 
man-designed Doraier  Seas  tar 
CD-2,  a twin-engined  14-seat 
amphibious  airplane,  in  the 
northern  island  of  Penang 
next  year. 

A small  airplane  jointly  de- 
signed by  Australia  and  Ma- 
laysia began  rolling  off  a pro- 
duction line  in  Perth  in 
October.  Known  as  the  Eagle, 
the  plane  is  made  of  composite 
material  and  will  be  made  in 
Malaysia  next  year,  Mr.  Ma- 
hathir said. 


Investor’s  Asia 


Hong  Kong 

Hang  Seng 


Singapore 

Straits  Times 


SON 


1993 


^ J A SONS 
1993 


Tokyo 
Nikkei  225 

21503  jTL 

23CC/9  V’ 
\m 
19QX  ■ 

170CC 
«3»- 


\ 


i A S O N O 
1993 


Exchange 

Index 

Tuesday 

Close 

Prev. 

Close 

% 

Char.?* 

Hong  Kong 

Hang  Seng 

9.73637 

9,609.69 

+1.22" 

Singapore 

Straits  Times 

2,16334 

2.147.54 

+0.75' 

Sydney 

Aft  Ordinaries 

2,073.99 

2.053.70 

+0.9&-. 

Tokyo 

Nikkei  225 

16,903.49 

16,840.38 

+0.37  ; 

Kuala  Lumpur  Composite 

1,063.25 

1,041  11 

+8.T5.J 

Bangkok 

SET 

1,442.56 

1.377.41 

+4.75; 

Seoul 

Composite  Stock 

823.17 

326.49 

-C.4C';;, 

Taipei 

Weighted  Price 

4,663.60 

4.708.17 

-OA2  : 

Manila 

Composite 

2,509.47 

2.434.17 

+3.0*?  ■ 

Jakarta 

Stock  Index 

523.41 

523.54 

-C.C2 

New  Zealand 

NZSE-40 

2,08738 

2.094  79 

-0.34  \ 

3 

Bombay 

National  Index 

1.557-23 

1.533.02 

+1.5&.J 

Sources.  Reuters.  AFP 

I’lirfn.Hutf.jl  ricnltl  "i  ik  . ' 

Very  briefly: 

• Five  Japanese  banks  said  they  would  cut  their  short-term  prime  lent: 
rate,  the  rate  they  charge  their  most  credit-worthy  customers  on  loar. 
one  year  or  less,  by  0.375  percentage  point,  to  3 percent. 

• Malayan  United  Industries  Bhd.  said  it  acquired  a 52.8  percent  siak:  ;• 
public-listed  Morning  Star  Holdings  Ltd  for  near!;.  230  million  Hori 
Kong  dollars  (S29.8  million!  and  a 30  percent  stake  in  Kerry  Finar-tii' 
Services  Ltd  for  60  million  dollars. 

• Nippon  Telegraph  & Telephone  Corp-'s  chairman.  Mas  as  hi  Kajima,  wic 
that  the  his  company  was  discussing  multimedia  business  opportur.iAi 
with  Apple  Computer  Inc.  and  Microsoft  Corp. 

• China's  foreign  trade  deficit  hit  57.7  billion  in  the  first  11  month  - ■ 
1993.  with  imports  growing  21 .6  percent  faster  than  exports.  Separate:/,  u 
government  of fi dal  said  Beijing  would  begin  allowing  foreign  compur  -v 
to  invest  in  its  gold  mines  next  year. 

• Shanghai  Cable  Television  has  signed  up  700,000  subscribers.  - * 

• Magma  Power,  a unit  of  Dow  Chemical  Co.,  plans  to  invest  S250  miili-  v. 
in  a geothermal  project  in  the  central  Philippine  island  of  Leyte. 

AFP.  AP.  AFX.  KR.  Reu: 


Shift  by  Tokyo  in  Trade  Talks 

Agenee  France-Presse 
TOKYO  — Japan  proposed  for 
the  first  time  on  Tuesday  a set  of 
quantitative  criteria  to  assess  mea- 
sures aimed  at  expanding  govern- 
ment procurement  from  foreign 
telecommunications  suppliers,  a 
U.S.  official  said. 

The  official,  who  spoke  on  con- 
dition of  anonymity,  described  the 
offer  as  a “positive  movement"  by 
the  Japanese  side,  but  refused  to 
disclose  details  or  comment  further 
on  the  proposaL 

But  the  news  agency  Jiji  Press 
reported  that  Tokyo  had  proposed 


including  the  number  of  procure- 
ment contracts  in  a future  tdcccm- 
munications  agreement,  along  v!  ti- 
the number  of  foreign  suppliers  at- 
tending meetings  to  explain  Japa- 
nese bidding  procedures. 

The  United  States  has  insisted  Oi. 
the  establishment  of  “objective  cri- 
teria" to  measure  the  opening  :o; 
Japanese  markets,  as  called  for  urf 
der  a broad  trade  framework  agree- 
ment signed  in  July.  Talks  on  specif- 
ic market  sectors  began  in  October. 

Despite  the  new  Japanese  ofiy: 
“wide  gaps  remain"  between  the 
sides,  said  the  U.S.  official. 


11 


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Some  only  offer  umbrellas. 


But  Bank  Mus  Baer  offers  more  - especially  in  these  times  of  uncer- 
tainty. Our  jisk^d^usted  approach  to  investing  calls  for  examining  every 
conceivable  scenario  and  taking  the  appropriate  steps  to  shield  our 
clients’  portfolios  from  the  vagaries  of  turbulent  markets.  When  you 
work  with  Bank  Julius  Baei;  you  get  much  more  than  Bp  service  to  client 
safety.  \bu  can  feiy  on  our  people  and  our  service  capacity- built  up 
over  more  than  a century  of  banking  and  finance. 

Bank  Julius  Back  Where  client  safety  comes  first 


BANK  JULIUS  BAER 

For  the  Fine  Art  of  Swiss  Banking 

Zuridb.  Bjnil»I«r-6.  3S,  CH-801 0 Znrt*,TW.  (Ol)  228  ST  « ■ 

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• Ari««fau-*afSM 


THE  NEW  900. 

VERY  STRONG.  VERY  SAFE. 

VERY  SAAB. 


At  Saab,  safety  means  more  than  meeting 
legal  requirements.  It  is  a passion.  A total 
commitment  to  safety  for  all  passengers.  Safety 
for  the  whole  family. 

That's  why  we've  developed  Saab  Safeseat 
— a unique  combination  of  protection  and 
practicality  in  tbe  rear  seat 

From  the  pivoting  transverse  beam  that 
supports  three  3-point  seatbelts,  to  multiple 
elements  that  protect  against  side  collision 
intrusion,  to  dual  integrated  child  booster 
cushions. 

But  the  safety  commitment  doesn't  end 
here.  In  the  front,  a driver's  airbag  is  standard 


while  the  roof  structure  exceeds  the  European 
class  average  and  nearly  twice  the  U.S.  legal 
safety  requirement 

Energy  absorbing  crumple  zones  front 
and  rear  and  a rigid  safety  cage  that  includes  a 
patented  design  to  protect  against  offset 
frontal  collisions,  the  new  5aab  900  epitomizes 
our  safety  commitment 

THE  NEW  SAAB  900.  VERY  SAAB. 

SAAB 


I 


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Page  20 


Tuesday's  Closing 

Tables  Include  the  nationwide  prices  up  to 
the  dosing  on  Wall  street  and  do  not  reflect 
late  trades  elsewhere.  Via  The  Associated  Press 


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How  seriously  are  we  taking 
the  demands  of  Rio? 


The  Rio  declaration  calls  on  nations  of  ihe  world  io  protect  ihe  environment 


In  June  1992  representatives  ot  153  states 
and  the  European  Community  signed  a decla- 
ration at  the  Earth  Summrt  in  Rio  de  Janeiro  - the 
biggest  environmental  conference  ever  held. 
The  declaration  calls  for  our  planet  to  be  protected 
through  sustainable  and  environmentally  accept- 
able development  that  does  not  upset  the  socio- 
ecological  equilibrium.  . 

Bayer  will  play  its  part  in  meeting  the  Rio 
objectives.  By  conserving  raw  materials,  making 
our  products  last  longer,  recycling,  improving 
production  processes  and  applying  responsible 
risk  managemant. 

Environmentally  acceptable  operations  and 
responsible  conduct  are,  to  us,  important 
steps  forward  in  preserving  the  natural 
basis  of  life  for  generations  to  come. 

We  would  be  happy  to  provide  more  information  upon  request 
Please  write  to  Bayer  AG,  Public  Relations  Department  (Kl)' 
51368  Leverkusen,  Germany. 


4:  r- 


Bayer  i®#*) 

Expertise  with  Responsibility 


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INTERNATIONAL  HERALD  TRIBUNE,  WEDNESDAY,  DECEMBER  8,  1993 


LONDON:  Lloyd’s  Offer  for  a Settlement  Leaves  Investors  Disappointed 


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Continued  from  Page  IS 
day  both  Mr.  Rowland  and  LI  eve's 
chief  executive,  Peter  Middleton 
repeatedly  hinted  that  '«  might 
prove  inadequate  to  win  approval. 


Mr.  Middleton  likened  the  com-  received  offers  ranging  from  2 to  4 had  promised  him  the  opportunity 
plenty  of  the  task  of  calculating  percent  of  their  claims  called  the  to  host  his  own  news  conference  on 
settlements  for  more  than  21.000  proposed  settlements  “pathetic."  Tuesday  to  explain  the  position  of 
names  to  a “Rubies  cube  with  a He  said  that  normally  he  would  Lloyd's  members.  “Obviously  they 
seventh  side."  The  sums  that  Lloyd's  have  expected  the  defendant  to  be-  have  broken  their  word  once 


1 1 ■ kmi  4 ■ ifiT- Y-A  VJ 


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was  the  best  they  could  do.  They 
also  wanted  wavering  npTpre  that 
the  £450  million  Lloyd’s  was  con- 
tributing to  the  settlement  from  its 
own  central  fund  could  not  be 
tapped  if  members  proceeded  with 
claims  against  their  agents  and  un- 
derwriters. 


that  the  vast  bulk  of  names  would 
receive  £100,000  or  less,  and  that  no 
member*  would  receive  more  than 
602  percent  of  their  claims. 

Since  its  1988  underwriting  year, 
Lloyd's  has  lost  a total  of  £5j  bil- 
lion. 

One  lawyer  whose  cheats  had 


settlement  of  "reasonable"  claims 
at  60  to  70  percent. 

Mr.  Stockwdl  blasted  Lloyd’s 
new  management  for  not  living  up 
to  its  original  pledges.  He  noted 
that  a negotiating  commiiiee  set  up 
last  spring  had  yet  to  meet.  He  also 
claimed  that  Lloyd's  management 


Lloyd's  members  now  have  until 
Jan.  31  to  respond  to  the  offer. 
Although  Mr.  Middleton  refused  to 
specify  where  exactly  the  £900  mil- 
lion was  coming  from,  the  largest 
slice  — roughly  £450  million  — is 
thought  to  come  from  the  market's 
central  fund. 


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TO  OUR 


IN 

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easier 
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and save. 
Just  call  us 
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0130  84  8585 


For  information  on  how  to  list  your  fund,  fax  Simon  OSBORN  at  (33-1)  46  37  21  33. 


Page  22 


SPORTS 


Smith  Powers 
Cowboys  Past 
Eagles,  23-17 


" By  Thomas  George 

- A'w  York  Times  Service 

" IRVING,  Texas  — By  the  time 
the  Philadelphia  Eagles  figured  out 
a way  to  slow  Emmitl  Smith,  it  was 
too  late.  By  the  time  the  Eagles 
found  a way  to  awaken  their  sleepy 
offense,  it  was  way  too  late. 

. And  as  far  as  the  Eagles'  playoff 
plans  in  the  National  Football 
League,  it’s  too  late  for  that.  too. 

The  Dallas  Cowboys  remained 
one  game  behind  the  New  York 
Giants  in  the  National  Conference 
East  Division  race  with  a 23-17 
victory  Monday  night. 

This  game  was  a lot  like  their 
first  this  season,  in  Philadelphia  on 
Halloween.  Dallas  won  it  by  23-10. 
and  Smith  rushed  for  237  yards, 
with  a 62-yard  touchdown  run  late 
in  the  game  that  provided  the  final 
Dallas  points. 

This  time.  Smith  rushed  for  172 
yards  and  provided  a 57-yard  jaunt 
to  the  Philadelphia  16  that  set  up 
the  final  points  for  Dallas,  Full- 
back Darryl  Johnston  later  scored 
those  points  on  a 2-yard  run  with  9 
minutes,  16  seconds  to  play.  That 
made  it  23-10. 


‘It  was  the  right  play  at  the  right 


time."  Smith  said.  “They  had  me  in 
check  until  the  big  run.  We  were 
struggling  big-time. 

' “Mark  McMillian  caught  me 
from  behind.  I thought  I was  going 


to  score.  It  was  like  the  road  runner 
running  up  alongside  the  coyote." 

Bubby  Blister  — who  was  27-of- 
45  for  248  yards,  two  touchdowns, 
one  interception  — led  the  Eagles 
back  on  an  81-yard  drive  that  was 
capped  by  his  second  touchdown 
pass  to  tight  end  Mark  Bavaro.  this 
one  from  8 yards,  to  make  it  23-17 
with  3:46  left. 

The  Eagles  got  the  ball  back  for 
one  last  chance,  but  not  much  of 
one.  They  were  at  their  own  1 1 with 
55  seconds  left  and  no  timeouts. 
Blister  was  quickly  intercepted  by 
safety  Bill  Bates,  who  returned  the 
ball  to  the  Philadelphia  14. 

It  was  a big  victory  for  Dallas, 
which  was  coming  off  two  straight 
losses,  including  its  Thanksgiving 
Day  disaster  here  against  Miami. 

Dallas  had  dominated  Philadel- 
phia in  the  first  half,  scoring  on 
each  of  its  four  of  possessions, 
while  the  Eagles  gained  only  three 
first  downs  in  their  first  four  pos- 
sessions. But  on  two  of  the  Dallas 
scoring  drives,  the  Eagles  dropped 
interceptions. 

Eagles  linebacker  Seth  Joyner 
said:  “They  had  three  fumbles  and 
they  bounced  back  into  their 
hands.  It's  unbelievable,  like  we 
have  a spell  on  us  that  has  lasted 
the  whole  season.  I don't  know 
when  our  time  is  going  to  be.  We're 
running  out  of  time." 


An  Elbow  Rash 


Ituemadmo/  Herald  Tribune 

MILAN  — Less  than  two  weeks  before  the  official  draw  for  nat 
summer's  World  Cup.  the  powers  that  be  are  talking  of  brightening 
up  soccer  by  dressing  the  referees  in  new  colors.  . 

Personally.  I am  comfortable  with  black  as  the  mark  of  authority.  I 
would  rather  FIFA  address  the  substance  rather  than  the  image,  and 
prevent  the  discoloration  and  disfigurement  of  players*  cheekbones  and 
eye  sockets. 

If  members  of  the  FIFA’s  referees'  committee,  nudged  by  the  equip- 
ment manufacturers,  see  fit  to  alter  the  colors;  so  be  it  They  can  have  a 
merry  tune  trying  to  prevent  red  or  green  patterns  on  the  officials’ 
uniforms  from  Hashing  with  the  rainbow  of  colors  worn  by  Cameroo- 
nians or  Cnlpmhifliis,  sot  to  mention  the  multicolored  jerseys  those 
manufacturers  already  issue  to  goalkeepers. 

But  if  there  is  time  to  change  the  colors,  there  oogit  to  be  time  to 
legislate  the  prcveteat  and  injurious  use  of  elbows  in  soccer. 

Sooner  or  later,  someone  is  going  to  be  killed. 

Such  is  the  opinion  of  Osvaldo  Ardfles,  the  diminutive  playmaker  fear 
the  Argentine  side  that  won  the  1978  World  Cup.  Today,  Ardfles  coaches 
Tottenham  Hotspur,  and  is  an  angry  and  sickened  mas.  His  club  captain, 
Gary  Mabbutt,  recently  came  dose  to  losing  an  eye,  and  may  yet  lose  his 
career,  as  a result  of  the  mugging  perpetrated  by  Wimbledon  FC. 

Mabbutt’s  bead  met  the  left  elbow  of  John  Fa^tann  in  the  penalty  area. 
An  experienced  referee;  Keith  Hackett,  saw  no  foul,  but  it  took  nroboms 
of  surgery  to  piece  together  Mabb nit’s  right  eye  socket,  broken  in  three 
places,  and  a cheekbone  fractured  in  four. 

A metal  plate  beneath  the  skin  is  Mabbutt’s  legacy  of  a career 
stretching  655  games  in  senior  soccer.  He  is  32.  a gentleman  of  the  penalty 
area  skirmishes,  a triumph  of  sporting 
propriety  over  the  handicap  of  diabetes 
ana  the  occupational  hazard  of  a bro- 
ken leg.  He  cannot  be  sure  of  playing 
while  Another  .English  -profes- 
sional, John  Uzzefl,  has  not  been  able  to  even  jog  since  his  cheek  was 
smashed  in  similar  fashion  two  seasons  ago. 

“I  feel  sure  I will  be  back.”  insists  Mabbutt.  *T  enjoy  playing,  as  much 
now  as  I did  when  1 started  as  a 15-ycar-ofcL  The  surgeon  tokl  me  I am 
lucky  to  have  retained  the  tight  in  ray  eye — a centimeter  either  way  and 
it  ccmld  have  been  different." 


It’s  Baseball 
No  Matter 
How  It’s  Pat 


Rob 

Hughes 


Beneath  dark  glasses,  his  eye,  encircled  by  purple,  pink  and  black 
swelling,  looks  as  if  it  had  gone  seven  rounds  with  Mike 


Pad  K.  Body  Apax  Fran-Pnat 

Eramitt  Smith,  puffing  away  from  Wiffiam  Thomas,  gained  172  yards,  57  on  one  ran  late  in  die  gm?, 


^ _ _ i Tyson.  Indeed, 

Fashanu  has  trained  as  a boxer,  trained  in  unarmed  combat,  and  reveled 
in  the  sobriquet  Fash  the  Bash. 

He  has  broken  noses  with  his  elbow  or  forearm  before.  His  boot  has  put 
another  professional,  John  O’Neil,  permanently  out  of  die  game. 


A No-Name  Defense  Is  Honey  for  Bears 


By  Thomas  George 

,\Vh  Yufk  Times  Service 

■ CHICAGO  — We  know  defense.  Do  we 
know  the  Chicago  Bears? 

Well  let's  see.  there  is  Richard  Dent  and 
Steve  McMichael  on  the  line.  We  know  them. 

In  fact.  McMichael  played  in  his  (87th  con- 
secutive game  here  on  Sunday,  breaking  Walter 
Payton's  ream  record.  McMichael  made  seven 
tackles  and  recovered  a Tumble  during  Chica- 
go's 30-17  victory  over  Green  Bay. 

* Not  bad  for  a 35-year-old  in  his  14th  season 
from  the  University'of  Texas. 

* We  know  safeties  Marie  Carrier  and  Shaun 
Gayle  and  comerback  Donnell  Woolf ord.  Each 
of  these  guys  has  been  around  for  at  least  three 
seasons  and  each  has  been  a steady  producer. 

That's  just  about  it. 

This  is  as  no-name  a defense  as  it  gets  when 
you  are  talking  about  the  1 Oth- ranked  defense 
in  the  National  Football  League  but  one  that  is 
allowing  only  12.6  points  a game. 

_ It  is  about  as  nondescript  a group  of  achiev- 
ers as  we  saw  last  season  from  the  Super  Bow! 
champion  Dallas  Cowboys,  w hen  they  finished 
the  season  with  league's  No.  I -ranked  defense. 
.And  there  is  the  common  thread. 

* Coach  Dave  Wannstedt. 

Wannscedt  knows  defense. 

Now.  apparently,  so  do  the  rest  or  the  Bears. 
Tbev  are  responding  to  his  call  as  a first-year 
head  coach  just  like  the  Cowboys  did  to  his  call 
as  their  defensive  coordinator.  They  scored 
three  touchdowns  in  lifting  the  Bears  past 
Green  Bay  and  into  a three-way  tie  with  the 
Packers  and  Lions  in  the  National  Football 
Conference  Central  Division  with  7-5  records. 
And  it  wasn't  just  luck. 

‘ Take  Brett  Favre’s  fumble  in  the  third  quar- 
ter that  led  to  linebacker  Dante  Jones's  scoop- 
ing the  ball  and  rumbling  32  yards  for  a touch- 
down. On  that  play,  the  Bears  sent  all  three 
linebackers  up  the  middle  on  a ferocious  blitz. 
- Thai  cah,  on  Firsi-and-IO  from  the  Chicago 


40-yard  line,  was  enough  to  make  Favre's  eves 
pop  wide  open.  It  was  certainly  enough  to  make 
Favre  simply  drop  the  ball  w hile  "retreating 
from  the  rush  and  trying  to  make  a throw. 

It  doesn't  likely  happen  unless  the  Bears  call 
that  blitz. 

Right  calL  Right  time.  Perfect  result. 

.And  this  keeps  happening  in  Chicago,  with 
the  Bears  on  a defensive  roll  that  is  startling. 

They  allowed  26  points  versus  the  Giants  in  a 
season-opening  loss.  Since,  they  have  allowed 
10  to  Minnesota.  1 ? to  Tampa  Bay.  0 to  Atlanta. 
6 to  Philadelphia,  19  to  Minnesota.  17  to  Green 
Bay.  16  to  the  Raiders.  13  to  San  Diego.  17  to 
Kansas  City.  6 to  Detroit  and  17  to  Green  Bay. 

They  have  the  only  defense  that  has  not 
allowed  a 100-yard  rusher.  In  their  seven  vic- 


'If  you  saw  us  in  training  camp,  the  wav  we 
re  coming  together,  you  knew  we  could  have 


The  Bears  have  become 
masters  at  showing  you  one 
thing,  giving  another. 


tones.  Chicago  has  24  takeaways.  In  their  five 
losses,  they  have  three  takeaways. 

They  have  done  ir  with  numbers,  with  a 
defense  by  committee.  Everyone  plays,  every- 
one joins  in  the  fun. 

Wannstedt  has  different  groups  for  third- 
and- 2 and  third -and- 12  situations.  He  runs 
people  in  and  out  of  the  game  for  short  runs 
and  long  runs,  short  passes  and  deep  passes.  He 
throws  a wave  of  defensive  personnel  at  you 
that  takes  on  a nasty  personality  inside  the  20. 
This  is  a defense  that  has  become  masterful  at 
showing  you  one  thing  and  giving  you  another. 

It  is  long  on  upstart  players,  including  cor- 
nerback  Jeremy  Lincoln  and  tackle  Chris  Zor- 
ich. It  is  producing  despite  a struggling  Bears 
offense  — it  ranks  dead  last  in  passing  — that 
helped  keep  the  defense  on  the  field  for  nearly 
three  quarters  on  Sunday.  It  produced  despite 
allowing  466  total  yards  by  the  Packers. 


were  i 

something  here,"  Dent  said. 

“The  more  we've  been  together,  the  more 
we’ve  become  one  unit  hull  of  layers.  We  hope 
we  can  get  a little  more  from  the  offense  and  get 
off  the  field  a lot  more.  But  no  one  is  crying. 
We've  just  taken  it  upon  ouTselves  to  do  our 
jobs  and  then  some." 

It  is  a wonderful  formula.  The  offense,  given 
the  challenge  from  the  Bears'  defense,  wifi  im- 
prove. A three-game  winning  siring  against  San 
Diego,  Kansas  City  and  Detroit  — all  winning 
teams  and  all  on  the  road  — gave  the  Bears 
confidence.  They  have  games  in  Tampa  Bay.  at 
home  against  Denver  and  Detroit  and  at  the 
Rams.  All  are  very  winnaWe  with  this  defense. 

Four  more  victories  would  earn  the  Bears  an 
1 1-5  record  and  likely  the  Central  Division  title. 
Thai  would  be  a remarkable  feat  for  a team  in  a 
predicted  rebuilding  year,  a team  considered 
short  on  talent  and  speed,  one  that  just  didn't 
measure  up  in  1993. 

Jones  is  one  of  the  no-name  Bears  worth 
knowing.  He  replaced  a future  Hall  of  Famer. 
Mike  Singletary,  at  middle  linebacker,  and  in 
Chicago , that  was  considered  trying  to  replace 
King  Kong  with  BenjL 

But  Jones  has  been  more  than  up  to  the  tasL 
He  was  stellar  against  the  Packers  and  made  his 
fourth  interception,  the  most  by  a Bear  at  that 
position  since  Dick  Butkus  in  1971  and  only 
three  fewer  than  Siqgletary  made  in  12  seasons. 

That  tells  you  plenty  about  the  changes  in 
roles  and  in  assignments  that  Wannstedt  has 
made  on  this  Bears  defense. 

“All  we  have  now  is  an  opportunity.”  Wann- 
stedt  said 

Carrier  added:  “We’re  surprising  some  peo- 
ple. sometimes  even  ourselves.  We're  circling 
the  ball,  we’re  aggressive,  we're  in  a nice  zone. 
We're  in  first  place" 

We  know  where  the  Bears  were  supposed  to 
land  What  a wonderful  place  they  are  in. 


Gascoigne 
Reportedly 
For  Sale 


Reiners 

LONDON  — Leeds  has  ex- 


pressed an  interest  in  buying  Paul 
tlthough  the 


Gascoigne  from  Lazio  all 
Italian  club  said  Tuesday  it  had  no 
intention  of  selling  the  English  in- 
ternational midfielder. 

There  has  been  widespread  me- 
dia speculation  over  the  past  two 
weeks  that  Gascoigne  was  return- 
ing to  England  and,  Tuesday. 
Leeds  became  the  latest  club  to  be 
linked  with  him,  although  its  man- 
ager . Howard  Wilkinson,  stressed 
that  talks  were  at  a tentative  stage. 

In  Rome.  Enrico  Bendoni,  La- 
zio's general  manager,  said  that 
“Paul  Gascoigne  is  not  going  to  be 
sold  by  Lazio  at  any  price.  He  is 
simply’ not  for  sale.” 

But  Bendooi's  comments  added 
another  twist  to  what  is  developing 
into  the  type  of  long-running  saga 
that  surrounded  Gascoigne’s  trans- 
fer from  Tottenham  to  Lazio  for 
S8.25  million  last  year. 

Leeds,  currently  second  in  the 
Premier  League,  says  it  was  alerted 
some  time  ago  that  the  Italians 
were  prepared  to  sell  Gascoigne. 

“We  were  contacted  along  with  a 
number  of  other  clubs  including,  I 
understand.  Blackburn.  Newcastle 
and  Manchester  United,  and  asked 
whether  we  would  be  interested  in 
Gascoigne,”  Wilkinson  said. 

Gascoigne  is  to  return  to  action 
Sunday  against  Juventus  after  two 
months  cm  the  sidelines. 


i prove 
conclusive. 

It  was  tried  a year  ago,  when  the  charge  of  assault  was  filed  after  an 
elbow  broke  Uzzefl’s  cheekbone.  The  case  was  lost  the  moment  Graham 
Kelly,  chief  executive  of  the  English  Football  Association,  said  under 
oath  that  be  saw  “two  hundred’'  such  collisions  a week.  Kelly’s  well- 
meaning  but  ill-advised  defense  of  profesaonals,  let  alone  die  nuDion  or 
so  schoolboys  the  FA  serves,  makes  legal  retribution  very  remote. 

Still,  Peter  Beardsley,  another  of  England's  finest,  is  consar 
counsel's  advice  on  an  elbowing  from  Liverpool's  Nefl  Ruddock 
destroyed  Beardsley's  cheekbone  in  a pre-season  “friendly.’’ 

But  wait  I write  this  in  Italy  about  the  FngKA  playing  fields?  It  is 
neither  a new,  nor  a peculiarly  English  happening. 

Back  in  1983.  in  the  opening  minutes  of  the  European  Cup  final  in 
Athens,  Claudio  Gentile  of  Juventus  broke  both  died:  bones  of  Ham- 
burg’s Danish  forward  Lars  Bastrup.  Gentile  is  by  all  accounts  a.  gentle 
man.  a collector  of  small  binds.  But  had  action  bees  taken  those  10  years 
ago,  had  the  likes  of  Marco  van  Basten  and  others  been  discouraged  from 
letting  their  elbows  stray  into  the  faces  of  opponents,  I doubt  very  modi 
Mabbutt  would  be  such  a ghastly  casualty  today. 


The  Associated  Press 

-HONOLULU  — is  the  language 
of  baseball  mieroationai? 

From  aQ  indications,  it  is  in  the 
Hawaii  Winter  League. 

Two  composite  teams,  made  op 
Of  DouMe-A  and  Single-A  played 
from  the  United  Stales  and  profes- 
sional leagues  is  Japan  and  South 
Korea,  have  managed  to  overcome 
the  iflpjnMgg  barrier  to  battle  for 
the  league  championship. 

The  Kauai  Emeralds,  with  a 
sprinkling  of  players  from  South 
Korea,  are  managed  by  Trent  Jew- 
ett of  the  Pittsburgh  organization. 
The  H3o  Stars  are  made  up  primar- 
ily of  Japanese  players. 

Tim  Ireland,  manager  of  the 
Stars,  has  an  advantage  over  Jewett 
in  that  he  played  for  two  seasons  in 
Japan  with  the  Hiroshima  Carp. 

StHL  he  has  bad  some  pretty  con- 
fusing moments. 

“Like  the  tune  I went  to  the 
mound  to  talk  about  a numers-on- 
base  situation,"  recalled  Ireland,  a 
fna?ragpr  in  the  Milwaukee  farm 
system.  “Here!  bad.  three  Japanese 
players  and  two  Americans  around 
me.  1 give  ’em  the  ‘If  the  ball’s  hit 
here,  we  do  tins*  and  if  the  ban’s  hi t 
-there,  we  do  that.’  I was  feeling 
pretty  good  about  getting  my  mes- 
sage across  as  I turned  to  walk  back 
tothedugout. 

“11160.  (he  American  players 
called  me  bade  and  asked.*Hey. 
what  about  ns/  I had  forgotten'] 
had  talked  only  to  .the  Japanese 
players  in  Japanese  and  left  out  the 
Other  two  guys." 

Said  Jewc£,  “ItY  hard 
comnnimcatingwithabtmchof) 
year-olds  in  English,  let  alone  Hy- 
ing to  do  it'  in  a language  l don’t 
speakf  . 

. The  Stars'  catcher.  Joe  Perona, 
said  dial  “coming  in,  i knew  this 
was  going  to  be  a challenge"  in 
getting  his  thoughts  across  to  i 
staff  that  has  six  pitchers  from  Ja- 
pan. j 

Ji  did  not  take  long.  In  the  first 
game  of  the  season,  the  American 
Starter  got  in  trouble  and  in  strolled 
Naold  Yoshida,  a farmhand  of  the 
Orix  Blue  Wave. 


* 


r 

t 


’ “So  I go  rmming  dot  there,  and 
D from  the  mound,  it  hit 


TYPICALLY,  HE  INTENDED  making  no  bones  about  bis  misfor- 
tune. His  initial  response  was  to  ignore  people  raging  him  to  take 
civil  action.  But  as  a senior  member  of  the  players’  ratios,  Mabbutt 
studied  the  video  and  then  remarked:  “There  is  a need  to  highlight  the 
type  of  injuries  caused  by  elbows." 

He  described  Fashanus  attempt  as  “a  very  clumsy  challenge”  and 
added  that  “at  that  moment  John  Fashanu  was  playing  professional 
football  without  doe  care  and  attention.”  • 

After  visiting  the  hospital,  Fashanu  said,  “I  feel  terrible;  as  I always  do 
when  somebody's  injured."  He  claimed  that  he,  too,  was  injured  by  the 
elbow  or  arm  of  Mabbutt.  Moreover,  Fashanu  and  the  Wimbledon  dub 
accused  Tottenham  of  publicizing  the  modem  to  “blacken”  Fashanu’s 
name. 

Worse,  Fashanu,  a Nigerian,  said  that  “if  this  incident  had  happened  to 
a white  player  it  would  not  have  been  blown  np.  It’s  character  assassina- 
tion.” 

The  racial  shir  is  Fashanu’s  invention.  A thriving  business  millionaire 
and  a television  celebrity,  he  surely  must  know  thaL 
Fashanu  has  been  asked  by  the  FA  for  his  observations  on  the  incident. 
He  need  only  say  it  was  a mistimed  collision  the  like  of  which  are  seen  200 
times  a week. 

In  the  interests  of  sport  it  is  time  FIFA  did  away  with  the  question  of 
intent  and  instructed  those  men  in  black — or  red  or  green  or  whatever — 
that  the  use  of  the  elbow,  accidental  or  otherwise,  is  foal  play  punishable 
by  the  red  card. 

A draconian  measure,  it  will  surely  bring  injustice.  But  at  least  it  would 
err  on  the  side  of  safety. 

Rub  Hugho  it  on  Tmu. 


about  a step  from  l 

me:  ‘Hey,  the  guy  doesn’t  speak 
English  and  I don’t  speak  a word  of 
Japanese,  cither,’”  Perona  said. 
“So  Tm  wondering,  *OX.  what  am 
I gonna  do  now?  - - 
- “Ijurt  stood  there  at  first.  Then  I 
said  a few  thnns.  He  smiled  at  me. 
We  both  shoe*  our  beads,  and  I 
went  back  behind  the  plate.” 

. *Tve  been  using  a lot  of  sign 
language  when  I go  out  to  the 
mound,  but  I think  I*m  finally  get1 
ting  across,”  he  added. 

. Ireland  just  laughs. 

“He  thinks  he’s  a foreign  dipjo-  _ 
mat  out  there,”  the  manager  said.*- 
“He  goes  to  the  mound  and  talks 
his  had  off.  and  the  Japanese  just 
keep  nodding,  like  they  know  what 
he's  talking  abooL.  But  I know  for  a 
fact  they  don't  understand  a word 
he’s  saying. 

“The  nice  tiring  about  baseball, 
though,  is  we  all  pretty  much  speak 
the  same  language,”  Perona  said. 
“When  something  goes  right,  ev- 
eryone pats  each  other  on  the  buck 
And  we’re  all  here  for  the  same 


mo  AM 


■V,*-  jV 


, ... 


reasons,  to  play,  to  learn  and  to  get 
better.” 


DENNIS  THE  MENACE 


PEANUTS 


CALVIN  AND  HOBBES 


TO  OUR  READERS 
IN  BERLIN 

You  con  now  receive 
the  IHT  hand  delivered 
to  your  home  or  office 
every  morning  on  ™ day 

of  publication. 

Just  call  us  toll  Tree  at0130B4  85  85 


■*  -...  * . 

' - **r.n 


l 


lW>  Jjf  L>° 


INTERNATIONAL  HERALD  TRIBUNE,  WEDNESDAY,  DECEMBER  8, 1993 


Page  23 


TV’s  Eur 


By  Ian  Thomsen 

International  Herald  Tribune  ■ 

Wrt,  awa  to  break  even  by  1995.  Can  h 

norm^tf  n0  qqj.  b 

E IMWilla  n Vf. V _ , 


Agrees  Jean-Qande  Dassier,  the  respected  vice 
president  for  Eurosport.  “It  is  sot  a bad  idea. 
Bnl  at  this  time  it's  not  realistic.  We  have  no 

money  to  waste.’ 

i was  criticism 


Wt.*:. 


JPiaEty.  Tire  production  seem 
at  sports  junkies,  , the  th^Ving  being  that 
ray  will  put  up  with  anything  to  get  their  fix. 
i he  commentary  a often  so  poor  that  a viewer 

would  be  better  off  uniting  the  sound. 

8°  W*pk  habitually.  Changes  are  made  in 
schedules  without  warning,  events  are  replayed 
m the  wrong  order.  Employees  teS  of  tapes  so 
worn  that  the  tape-decks  cannot  respond  an 
demand.  j . . 

Things  areso  bad  at  the  ft*ris-b«ed  £ttro- 
spOT  that  ESPN,  the  24-hoor  US.  sports  uitt- 

wrak  and  one-third  sbarthokler,  hired; a consul- 
tant In  ^ n mm 


Emope. 

- “We  are  not  a French dtaand," Dassier  savs. 
“We  know  that  Our  permanent  drinking  Is: 
What  is  it  that  we  should  say  to  our  German 

clients?  .We  know  this  perfectly.  It  is  a kfr«T  of 
accident  that  the  uplink  is  in  France,  the  budd- 
ing is  in  France,  that  we  speak  Fnach.  Believe 


oped  between  Canal  Plus  and  TFJ.  the  private 
French  channel  which  oversees  Eurosport's 
non-French  business.  When  f>na1  Plus  over- 
sees production  for  the  French  Eurospon,  the 
viewer  is  more  likely  to  receive  the  professkmal 

■_  ^ ^ gxpened  of  a 

.p,.  ~ The  philosophy  of  Canal  Plus 

is  to  swallow  financial  losses  in  order  to  develop 
a relationship  with  the  audience.  TFl,  on  the 
other  hand,  wants  Eurosport  to  become  profit- 
able as  soon  as  possible:  Dossier,  by  the  way.  is 
also  director  of  spoils  for  TFl. 

Nook  at  Eurosport  seems  inclined  to  judge 
production  cm  the  bass  of  quality.  Mason  — 
who  did  not  respond  to  an  interview  request  — 


Jaded  Sports  Addicts 


predecessor,  TESN.  Telecasts  are  by 

four  to  six  announcers,  each  speaking  a differ- 
ent language,  sitting  in  a row  of  soundproof 
booths  m Paris.  Hie  English  gnnowicgr  might 
have  done  his  homework,  while  the  Dutch  com- 
mentator in  the  booth  next  door  might  know 
relatively  little  about  the  event  he  is  covering. 

One  commentator  tells  of  announcing  a short 


preview  — then  glancing  up  at  his  screen, 
noniik  ’ 


frSl" 


* 


^ — V » wi BUT  UL  u nvc.  ync  ui  curospon  s imn 

tMtto review Eurqsparfs operations. Geoffrey  produce  programming  nnique  tc 

ABC  core  Erirojwm  Un^gS/Thus  far  its  only 
-^Ja^ta^thsFrendiai^li 

SZigE&tE?SlJSL2£g 

tionchaimeL 

why  not?  Our  main  market  is  in  Gttmany,"  A source  ai  Eurosport  says  a rift  has  devel- 


“P  — — - ■»  * ww.  ywiv»w  WIKJ  UiU  IHJL  IQfJUUJ  UJ  dll  UUCrVlCW  iClfUCai 

m^we  know  perfectly  feat  the  French  market  is  reportedly  interviewing  four  candidates  from 
of  Eurosport  is  not  important.”  ESPN  to  become  executive  producer  with 

DasskFs  is  the  most  complicated  mUw*n  jn  sweeping  powers  over  Eorosport  starting  early 
European  TV  — to  broadcast  more  than  100  next  year.  However,  Dossier  is  thought  to  prefer 
sports  annually  in  four  to  six  languages,  modi  ‘that  the  job  be  filled  by  a European  — a 
of  it  Eve.  On*  a!  Eurosport’s  distant  goals  is  trf  suggestion  he  does 

nnvhM  niiMUMm?..!.  ... .L  .r  ,L-  ti a ij  in 


rifted,  to  see  that  the  game  was  beginning 
without  warning.  He  went  on  to  wnminpf  the 
match  lembh’.  he  felt,  but  what  surprised  him 

was  that  Eurosport  -nfrnrf  him  to  return.  “I 
don’t  thick  anyone  there  ever  listened  to  mv 
broadcast,”  he  said. 


athletics  world  championships.  As  an  EBU 
member,  Eurosport  can,  in  effect,  purchase 
rights  to  other  events  from  EBU  member  sta- 
tions at  bargain  prices. 

Bui  on  weekends,  which  is  prime  time  for 
sports,  Eurosport  can  be  death  to  watch.  There 
is  hour  after  hour  of  Formula  One  motor  racing 
(including  all  of  the  time  trials  and  warm-up 
laps),  and  World  Cup  skiing  (every  heat  regard- 
less of  its  significance),  and  ATP  Tour  tennis 


to  the  big  events,  such  as  the  Winter  Olympics, 


which  Eurosport  will  televise  24  hours  per  d^y 
jraary.Thra 


(which,  arguably,  is  coveted  past  the  point  of 
of  public 


To  improve  production  and  commentary, 
ill  be  our  effort,”  savs  Dossier.  “Wc 


to  each  of  the  He  also  would  like  to  hire  at  least  three  more 


producers,  but  says  the  network  cannot  afford 
iL  He  agrees  that  quality  control  is  Esrosport’s 
weakness,  but  “only  a qnaif  one." 

Viewers  might  disagree.  People  who  have 
never  announced  on  TV  are  readily  hired  by 
Eurospon  at  a fraction  of  the  wages  paid  by’ its 


this  will „„ 

respect  the  opinions  of  viewers,  and  it’s  proba- 
bly true  that  TESN  managed  a tittle  better  its 
production  and  commentary.  But  this  is  be- 
cause we  have  focused  all  our  efforts  on  the 
rights  business.” 

Since  its  conception  by  the  European  Broad- 
casting Union.  EBU.  in  19S9.  Eurosport  has 
held  rights  to  an  unmatchablc  programming 
bloc.  The  EBU  negotiates  rights  fees  on  behalf 
of  Europe  for  major  events  such  as  the  Olym- 
pics, World  Cup  soccer  and  the  international 


diminishing  returns  to  the  threshold 
bonsdomj.  But  rather  than  promoting  the  diver- 
sity  of  its  programming,  the  effect  is  that  of 
simply  filling  airtime: 

It  is  on  such  weekends  that  Eurosport  earns 
its  nickname  as  “the  junkyard  of  the  EBU.”  as 
one  European  TV  executive  calls  it  While  con- 
tending that  the  benefits  of  its  EBU  partnership 
are  exaggerated,  Dassier  boasts  that  one- third 
of  Eurospan’s  budget  is  devoted  to  rights  fees. 
This  percentage  in  iisdf  is  not  impressive,  espe- 
cially since  Eurosport  cannot  be  spending 
much  on  production  or  announcers. 

Even  though  he  would  refute  claims  that  his 
network  is  all-take  and  no-gjye,  Dassier  would 
not  reveal  Eurosport’s  operating  budget. 

Eurosport  is  at  its  best  when  tied  in  by  EBU 


in  February. Those  days  might  be  numbered.  A 
source  at  the  International  Amateur  Athletic 
Federation  predicts  that  rights  fees  to  its  World 
Championships  soot  will  be  offered  separately 
to  satellite  broadcasters.  If,  as  expected,  a simi- 
lar pose  is  adopted  by  the  International  Olym- 
pic Committee  and  FIFA  the  international 
soccer  federation,  then  the  Eurospon-EBU  link 
to  major  events  will  be  cut.  Eurosport  would 


have  to  pay  the  full  market  price, perhaps  by 


the  end  of  the  decade  — with  the  i 
competition  from  other  satellite  networks. 

“It  is  not  serious  to  say  these  things,”  re- 
sponds Dassier  to  such  doomsday  predictions. 
“We  are  not  a free,  small  and  mop  channel 
We  have  three  big  and  very  major  shareholders. 
We  will  be  in  this  position  for  a long,  long  time. 
We  are  the  channel  who  will  stay  longer  in  life 

market" 

His  cable-satellite  audience  is  growing  by 
10,000  homes  per  day,  he  says;  the  furore  be- 


longs to  a fledgling  network  like  bis.  But  in  the 
now,  Trl  is  reaching  for  the  quick 


here  and  now, 
franc,  officials  in  the  business  agree,  and  any 
sports  fan  on  the  sane  side  of  addiction  is 
offended.  What  kind  of  foundation  is  that? 


V; 


TTie  NBA  on  TV,  Worldwide 


Mr-.V- 


>9  — i 


National  Basketball  Association 
games  can  be  seen  xxi  a regular  basis- 
on  the  following  television  station, 
according  the  league  ofOce  handling 
telecast  rights.  Please  chock  your  lo- 
cal Ustthgs  Tor  broadcast  times 
EUROPE 

Austria  - DSF;  Azores  - AFRTS; 
Belgium  - Canal  +;  Bulgaria  — * 
BTV;  Crete  - AFRTS;  Croatia  - TV 
HRVATSKA;  Cyprus  - Lumfere  TV; 
Czech  Republic  - CST;  Denmark  - 
Darurad;  France  - Canal  -t-;Germa- 


TV;  China  - CCTV,  Star  TV;  Guam  - 
ESPN  international;  Hong  Kong  - 
TBD,  Star  TV;  India  - Star  TV;  Indo- 
nesia - SCTV.  star  TV;  Japan  - 
- NHK-OBS,  JSC,  Star  TV;  Laos  — Star 
TV;  Malaysia  - TV3,  Star  TV;  Mongo- 
lia - Stan  TV;  Nepal  - Star  TV.  New 
Zealand  - Sky  Network,  Star  TV. 
TVS;  North  Korea  — Star  TV;  Pakistan 
- Star  TV;  Philippines  - Repubfc 
Bdcst  System.  Star  TV;  Singapore  - 
Singapore  BdcatCorp-  Star  TV; 
South  Korea  - AFRTS.  SBS,  Star  TV; 


ny  - DSF,  SATf;  Greece  - Mega-*  Srt  Lanka  - Star  TV;  Tahwre  - TaF 


**’/■ 


Channel;  Greenland  - AFRTS;  Hun- 
gary - MTV;  Iceland  - Icelandic  TV. 
Channel  2;  Ireland  - RTE;  Jamal  - 
1CP,  2d  Charmel,  Star  TV;  Italy  - 
Tatemontecario;  Latvia  - Lahr^as’ 
TafevbJja;  Lithuania  - Baltic  TV; 
Moldavia  — star  TV;  Netherlands  - ‘ 
NOS;  Norway  - TV  Norge;  Poland  - 
Channel  2;  Portugal  - RTF*;  Romania 

- RTI;  Russia  - Russian  TV;  Slova- 
kia - Slovak  TV;  Slovenia  - TVSto- 
venQa;  Spain  - TVE  2.  TV3;  Sweden 

- TVS;  Switzerland  - DSF.  SATI; 
Ukraine  - 1CTV;  United  Kingdom 
Sunset  & vine.  rrv.  . . 


tec. 


MIDDLE  EAST 

Abu  Dhabi  — Star  TV,  Abu  Dhabi  TV;. 

Aden  - -Star  TV;  Bahrain  - Star  TV;  Ws;  Jamaica  - CVM;  Martinique  - 


wan  TV,  Star  TV;  Thailand  - 
Star  TV 

NORTH,  SOU1H  AMERICA 
Argentina  - Channel  11;  Aruba  - 
Tete-Aruba;  Bahamas  - Bdcst  Corp- 
Beharaas;  Barbados^  - ESPN  Intar- 
nafloriaCBoiMa  - ESPNJmemafion- 
al;  Brazil  - Bandeirantas;  Canada 
TSN;  ChBe  - ChwmeMI;  Cokxnbia 
- ESPN  international;  Coeta  HJca  - 
Channel  2.  Channel  29;  Cuba  - 
AFRTS;  Curacao  - ESPN  Interna- 
tional; Dominica  - ESPN  Internation- 
al; Dominican  Rep.  - RTVD;  Ecua- 
dor - Channel  11;  El  Salvador  - 
Canal  Doe,  SA.;  French  Guyana  - 
ESPN  International;  Guatemala  - 
ESPN  international;  Honduras  - Car 


T&.:: 


i-  -'.vi 

ftPTV: 
Si  • 


Dubai  - Star  TV;  Egypt  - star  TV; 
Iran  - Star  TV;  Iraq  — Stir  TV;  Jor- 
dan - Star  TV;  Kuwait  - Kuwait  TV, 
Star  TV;  Lebanon  - Middle  East  TV,. 
Star  TV;  Morocco  - 2M;  Onum  - 
Oman  TV,  star  TV;  Qatar  - Star  TV, 
Qatar  TV;  Saudi  Arabia  - Aramco 
Channel  3,  Saudi  TV.  StarTy;  Syrte 

- Star  TV;  Tunisia  - Canal  Hortron; 
Turkey  - TRT,  Sar  TV;  United  Arab 
emirates  - UAE  TV.  Star  TV;  Yemen 

- Star  TV.  - 


ASA-PAQHC- ; - 
Afghanistan  - Star  TV;  Australia  - 
Ten  Network;  Bangladesh  - Star  TV; . 
Bhutan  - Star  TV;  Brunei  - Star  TV; 
.Burma  - Star  TV;  Cambodia  — Star 


ATV;  Mexico  - Channel  13;  Nicara- 
gua; — Canal  12/5.  ESPN  Intemation- 
Panama  - Channel  2,  Cable 
Onda;  Paraguay  - ESPN  Internation- 
al. Channel  7;  Puerto  fVco  - WUI; 
SaoTome  - STB;  SL  Luda  - HTS; 
St  Maarten  - ESPN  Intamational; 
Trinidad  - TaTTVj  Uruguay  - Ca- 
nal 4;  Venezuela  — ESPN  Interna- 
tional. VanevWon.  Canal  4.  Tetovan. 
-.AFRICA.  ■ 

Bophutfiatewenia  — Bop-TV;  Burk/na 
Faao  -V  TVft:Cape  Vearide  - CVB; 
Ivory  Coast  - Canal  Horizon.  RTI; 
Madagascar  - Star  TV;  Mauritius  - 
Star  TV;  Nigeria  - NTV;  Senegal  - 
Canal  HortzorC  - 


Somes’  Defense  Makes 
Opponents  Listen  Up 


7ft*  Assodaed  Press 

SEATTLE  —The  Seattle  Soper- 
Sonics  ihmk  their  high-pressure, 
trapping  defense  is  the  one  thing 
that  could  lead  them  to  an  National 
Radr« frail  Association  champion- 


% 


It’s  hard  to  argue  with  the  pre- 
mise. 

The  Sonics  improved  their  re- 
cxffd  to  14-1  — the  best  start  in  the 
club’s  27-year  history  — and 
equaled  a team  record  with  23 
steals  Monday  night  in  a 103-96 
victory  over  Washington. 

The  Bullets,  averaging  17  turn- 
overs a game,  were  forced  into  a 
season-high  30  that  turned  into  30 
points  for  the  Sonics. 


said.  “They’re  so  quick  it  seems  like 
they  have  seven  or  eight  guys  out 
there  at  one  time.” 

The  Soaks  can  play  their  gam- 
bling. relentless  style  of  defense  be- 
cause they  have  the  talent.  Eight 
players  had  steals  against  Washing- 
ton and  the  Sonics’  steal  leader 
wasn’t  even  a guard. 

All-Star  forward  Shawn  Kemp, 
the  team’s  best  athlete,  led  Seattle 
with  six.  McMillan  had  four  steals, 


NBA  HIGHLIGHTS 


In  the  oily  other  NBA  game 
Monday.  Utah  beat  New  York  103- 


96. 


keben  SoriWTbe  Aaobacd  Fnm 

Detief  Sdtrempf  bad  file  ball  batted  away  by  Mitchell  Bader,  bat  the  Soaics  stole  it  23  times. 


No  other  team  plays  defense 
with  the  nonstop,  double-teaming 
trap  that  the  Sonics  use. 

“People  call  it  a crazy  defense,” 
Nate  McMillan  of  the  Sonics  said. 
“It  is  a crazy,  but  it’s  under  control. 
We  know  where  we  want  to  be, 
where  we're  supposed  to  be.  where 
we’re  supposed  to  go  and  the  rota- 
tions we’re  supposed  to  have.” 

So  just  bow  tough  is  it  to  play 
against  the  Sonics? 

“With  guards  like  Nate  and 
(Gary)  Payton,  they’re  all  over  the 
place.”  the  Bullets’  Tom  Gugbotta 


Payton  three  and  Kendall  Gill,  Se- 
attle’s other  gnard,  added  two. 

“Even  when  we’re  not  shooting 
well,  we’re  stealing  the  ball,”  Gill 
said.  “Those  opportunities  make  it 
a kH  easier  to  win.” 

Fifteen  games  into  their 
the  Sonics  lead  the  NBA  in  steals 
(13.2  a game)  and  forcing  oppo- 
nents into  turnovers  (21.6).  They’re 
aim  leading  the  leagne  in  shooting 
percentage  (-508).  Those  layups 
and  dunks  after  steals  add  up  fast. 

The  Sonics’  points  come  in 
bunches — fueled  by  a defense  that 
takes  the  ball  away  from  point 
guards  with  surprising  ease.  A lot 
of  good  NBA  pram  guards  can  look 
horrible  when  players  tike  Kemp, 
McMillan,  Payton.  Gill  and  Detief 
Schrempf  combine  to  doable-team 

them 


The  Sonics  traded  away  Derrick 
McKey,  one  of  their  defensive  cor- 
nerstones, to  Indiana  Nov.  I,  five 
days  before  iheir  regular-season 
opener,  in  an  effort  to  add  more 
scoring. 

‘ They  haven’t  missed  McKey  oae 
bit.  They’ve  also  won  four  straight 
since  their  Nov.  27  loss  in  O eve- 
land  without  Ricky  Pierce,  their 
top  scorer  the  last  two  seasons. 
Pierce  is  sidelined  with  bone  spurs 
in  his  left  foot 

McMillan  thinks  the  Sonics  have 
a chance  to  break  the  NBA  single- 
game  record  of  25  steals  set  by 
Golden  Slate  in  1975  and  tied  by 
the  Warriors  in  1989. 

“I  was  talking  to  some  of  the 
guys  from  Washington  after  the 
game,”  McMillan  said.  “They  said 
they  couldn’t  believe  how  quick  we 
were  on  the  Door.  We  want  teams 
to  worry  about  us,  to  fed  like  some- 
body is  craning  up  behind  them 
when  no  one  is  there.  When  you’tc 
playing  tike  that,  you’re  going  to  be 
out  of  your  game  and  that’s  the  way 
we  want  you  to  play.” 

Beating  Washington  fra  the  sec- 
ond time  in  five  days,  Seattle  got  18 
points  epch  from  GDI  and  Kemp. 
Karp  also  led  the  Sonics  with  nine 
rebounds.  Schrempf  added  15 1 

Houston,  which  has  the 
best  record  at  16-1,  will  play  SeaUte 
for  the  first  time  Saturday  in  Texas* 


^SCOREBOARD 


*■*•*•- 


BASKETBALL 


■*;s  - 

Sir.." 


NBA  Standings 


bastkrm  cohfekence 


Tmcb-EI  Pom  A.Hiw  Mexico  SL  72 
Tam  M.  Oral  Roberto  7* 

RUt  WEST  ’ 

Aft-  Force  12.  Now  7* 

Colorado  SL  97.  MWUl  85  ‘ 

S.  utab  SL  N.  Arizona  73 


HOCKEY 


NHLSfamflngs 


Intrumjustitia 
Still  Leads  Tokio 
As  Leg  Nears  End 


SIDELINES 


EASTERN  CON  FERENC! 


W L 

Pet 

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1 

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10  4 

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8 6 

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■ 97 

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MS 

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6 10 

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SB 

FOOTBALL 


MFL  Standings 


PMkMMa 
New  Jersey 
Washington 


Atlanta 

OnrlaHe 


OevetaxJ 

UetroH 

Imflano 

Milwaukee 


11  4 

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8 8 

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7 7 

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Miami  - .* 
Buffalo  - • 

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lacOamwons  4 


PIS  PP  PA 
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MO  HST77 
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T Pts  OF  «A 
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1 35  122  113 
4 34  fl  47 

2 24  79  S3 

3 21  44  77 

2 20  90  96 
2 18  45  8 


13  7 

13  8 

13  10 


31  MO 

32  M 


New  Ena  hnd  - 

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Buffalo 

13 

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2 

26 

97 

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10 

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4 

2 4 

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1 li  n 8 4 ■■■-■! 
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Houston 

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547  209  197 

Otftxeu 

4 

13 

3 

15 

as 

1 

Pittsburgh 

• 7 

583  348210 

WESTERN  CONFERENCE 

Cleveland  • 

6 

• a 

500  219238 

Central 

DMsHb 

Ctndmart 

1 

11  8- 

*J83  134 172 

w 

L 

T Pts  OF  CA 

1 

Msr 

Tomato 

19 

4 

4 

42 

1)8 

79 

W 

L T 

Pts. PFPA 

Dallas 

13 

W 

6 

32 

104 

100 

Kansas  cmr- 

9 

3 0 

530  235  104 

SL  Louis 

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31 

87 

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Denver  - 

7- 

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583  293  210 

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13 

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119 

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5 

417  190  ZI7 

Pacific  Otvtstaa 

Seattle 

Phoenix 

PorHand 

Golden  Slate 

LA  Lakers 

LACHeoers 

Sacramento 


14  1 
n 3 
» 7 
8 7 
7 10 
A 8 
4 11 


New  York 
Utah 


MONDAY'S  RESULTS 


.033  — 

■7B4  2V« 

-563  5t* 

JS33  A 

412  8 

XS  TVS 

SB  10 


NATIONAL CONFERENCE 


Catoorv 


84 


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26  25  22  SO— MO 


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H.Y.  Giants  » S O 

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PMkxMPMa  5-3  0 

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WusliInBton  3 9 0 

Central 
W L..-T 
ChJcoao  l 5 0 

Detroit  7 5 0 

Green  boy  7 5 O 

Minnesota  * J J 

Tampa  Bay  J . » f • 


PH  PPPA 
JS0  225 152 
457  257184 
jOJ  192215 


San  Jose 


350  188  273  Grigory 


-583  201 144 
Jte  218189 
583  22218 
560  192  217 
250  178297 


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k s:  Kemp  7,10*4 


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W L T Pt*  PFPA 

SmFranclscB  9 3 8 330  353  204 

MwOrfecns  7 5 0 -583  237  316 

5 7.  • ,417  315283 

LA  Rams  3 * 0 - .250  W 264 


CoHege  Major  Scores_ 


BAST 

Manhattan  TO,  RWw  M 

Rhode  Istand  91.  SL  * 

Robert  Morris  44,  American  IL  ai 

Slwa  78.  Martri  « 

U*«toc«an  St » 


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Coastri  Carolina  98,  Ajdw*vww«»-«" 

Ooke  97,  S.  55 

East  Coreuno 71  Cww*”” 

Ftortda  AA, SooBi  Fterf*”  ..  ^ 
Ubertv  82.  CatA.Oxn****  »■  " 

■ Mon*ofl  1K  Lan^l!;  SL  84 
Mil*.  Valiev  SL  117.  TW  » « 

NX.  cnartott*  . ■ 

tLC-Graenehera  » ****'  *!? „ 

NW  Lnutoiano 

Radterd  W,  Gewoa  Maion 

Southern  U.  114  Dteert  » 

Tennessee  St.V48.FKX^ 

Turin*  51  Mercer  B 
VWWMfl  Tec*  a VMI  » 

W.  OroSno  ST.  CofctfW 

WOK*  Forari  77,  DovWonte 

’ Buticw  74,  DePoow  54  • 

.Cepoki  M.  4&  Wlcn»B  oT  ■ 

.tlilnris  SL  71  D«pfon  o 

Kansas  82,  washtx^**  ’ 

.MieWocBi  » DetroK 
AiMrisnuri  80.  Anumsw A, 

IRnE  llltnots 7A. 

.SEWissrimOilcyJ^^a 

,SW  Texas  51.  SimarK^sw 
Loalo  Ti,  40 

.Vrioareto  92-  mcL-5oari jyo  “ 

Xorier.OWa«.»«rt*2i* 

KHTTHWEST 

.To**  AWA  Itt  5L 


Dallas  23.  Phlkririridart  • 

■ . sriorday,  Dec.  Tl 

Nmr  York  Jets  at  WnttaM 
San  Francisco  at  AttanU 

SenOay,  Dec.  U 
Sofia  ki  at  PWtodetohto  * 

Odcoao  at  Tamna  Bay  - 
Ondnnafl  etf  N8*r  Enatand  . 
aeeriond  ri  Houston  - 
IndkriDPrib  at  New  York  Gtorts 
t m Anaries  Roms  of  Ns«t  (riltans. 
pjftpe  at  Minnesota 
Kansas  Ptv  of  Denver 
Detroit  at  Ptwienlx 
Saattie  at  Ud  Marias  RaUsra 
Green  Bay  of  San  PKw>  _ 

• Mewrif.  PtC’  P. 
Ptttstwrrii  al  Mtaml  "• 


17  7 4 38  187 

14  ra  • 28  87 

11  13  5 27  72  85 

10  14  2 22  99  111 

Anaheim  9 17  2 20  75  92 

Edmonton  5 28  3 13  75  NS 

MONDAYS  RESULTS 

1 2 S-A 

8 10-4 

C-RoOerts  9 (Madnnis.  W- 
rtJj.-<oeJ4econdPertotf:0-DeWe»(Rutoc- 
kaShow):  ipp).  C-Fkury  13  (Keszmer,  Mo- 
df»W;  lenJ.C-iCisloS  (Stem.  Kruse);  TUrd 
PMridrC-RehertsW«riktMn;C-RriMri»n 
(PwttL  ReteheO;  G-Fleury  14  (Weawendyfc, 
Roberts) ; Shots  an  oori:  C ten  tMUtaaton)  14- 
12-10—34.  O (on  vwnon)  0*5-17. 

Z 8 1 8-0 

8 3 0 1-4 

Flrri  Parted:  v-AdorasiO  (Sura,  Lumrno); 
(sh>V-Undon  1A  (CourtnoU) : Sacoad  Porlod: 
M-POtrav  2 fScftnelder.  LeCWrt;  M- 
SchnoMer  S (BoHons.  Popovic);  (OP).  M- 
DomphowM  15  {Brilowi  D I Pietro ); 
(op)  .Third  Period:  V-Word  4 fBriwrtw  Ren- 
Ida);  ton).  Dvertl m« : M-Dionoe  5 {MuUor, 
Keane];  Shots  oe  peri:  V (an  Roy)  9-9-10- 
5-30.  M (an  MvLatmi  T3-1M-3-K 
WhMipes  • 1 1-4 

Detroit  2 2 3-4 

Ffcri  Period:  D-Fodorov  WJppI.  WWP 
card  U l CkxnretH Coffey);  (sp)Jriaatf  Pe- 
riod: OChhann  1 D-Koztov  11  (Fedorov. 
ClceoroHI);w-Nun»fdnen4(Z»ieiie«oy.Qoln- 
M)7  tPPJ.TWrt  Period:  W-Qutntoi  2 (5e- 
tanne);  D-Kteta,  12  (CritW);  DCtaeonerif 
(Udstiwn.  Fedorov);  Shots  en  tool:  W (m 
Chevridoe)  4-12-6—22.  D (an  EssnriO)  TM9- 
io— n. 


The  Associated  Pros 

FREMANTLE,  Australia  — 
The  yacht  Intnim  Justitia  contin- 
ued late  Tuesday  to  lead  the  Whit- 
bread ’Round  the  World  Race  as  it 
beaded  toward  the  end  of  the  sec- 
ond kg  of  the  competition. 

The  Whitbread  60-dass  entry, 
captained  by  Britain’s  Lawrie 
Smith,  reported  its  position  as  449 
nautical  miles  from  this  prat  on  the 
west  coast  of  Australia. 

It  hdd  a lead  of  31  nautical  miles 
over  Tokio,  the  Japanese-New  Zea- 
land entry  skippered  by  Chris  Dix- 
on. 

Smith  reported  that  he  was 
working  hard  in  tight  winds  to 
mawunni  his  advantage  over  Tokio. 

Race  organizers  predicted  that 
In  trum  Justitia  would  arrive  in  Fre- 
mantle either  late  Wednesday  eg 
early  Thursday,  depending  on 
weather  conditions. 

The  third-place  Yamaha,  skip- 
pered by  New  Zealander  Rras 
Hdd,  reported  to  race  control  in 
Fremantle  that  it  was  561  nautical 
miles  from  the  finish. 

New  Zealand  Endeavor,  the 
maxi-class  leader,  was  fourth  over- 
all and  568  nautical  miles  from  the 
finkh  line. 

Merit  Cup  of  Switzerland  was 
second  in  the  maxi  class,  23  nauti- 
cal miles  behind  New  Zealand  En- 
deavor, with  the  French  entry  La 
Poste  third  in  the  class. 

The  7,558  nautical-mile  second 
leg.  the  most  dangerous  of  the 
race’s  six  stages,  began  Nov.  13  in 
Puma  del  Este,  Uruguay. 


Oxford  Beats  Cambridge  in  Rugby 

TWICKENHAM,  England  (AP)  — Canadian  fly  half  Gary  Rees 
VirJcwt  three  penalties  and  a drop  goal  T aesday  and  South  African  scrum 
half  Fame  da  Toit  scored  a late,  opportunist  try  as  Oxford  University 
regained  the  Bo  wring  Bowl  by  beanng  Cambridge.  20-8,  in  rugby. 

The  1 12th  animal  Oxford -Cambridge  university  game  was  watched  by 
a match-record  crowd  of  66,000.  Oxford’s  triumph  cut  Cambridge's  lead 
down  to  51-48,  with  13  matches  tied. 

The  game  developed  into  a kicking  contest  between  Rees  and  iris  fellow 
Canadian,  Cambridge  scram  half  Chris  Tynan.  But  while  Tynan  missed 
all  the  penalty  and  conversion  chances  that  came  his  way,  Rees  kepi 
Oxford  ahead. 


Becker  Drops  Coach, 
But  Can’t  Shake  Slump 


James  and  Hemy  to  Play  in  Japan 

TOKYO  (AP)  — Dion  James,  an  outfielder  far  the  New  York  Yankees, 
and  Dwayne  Henry,  a pitcher  for  the  Seattle  Mariners,  have  signed  one- 
year  contracts  to  play  in  Japan  next  season  fra  the  Qmnidri  Dragons,  the 
team  announced  Tuesday. 

The  Dragons  did  not  disclose  salaries,  but  Kyodo  News  Service 
estimated  that  James  wiD  get  51.6  million  and  Henry  5450,000. 

James  played  in  1 15  games  and  batted  .332  with  seven  home  runs  last 
season,  while  Henry  had  a 2-1  record.  Both  were  free  agents. 

• Infidders  Tony  Fernandez  and  Alfredo  Griffin  wiD  not  be  offered 
salary  arbitration,  the  Toronto  Blue  Jays  said.  (UPI) 


For  the  Record 


Michael  Schumacher  of  Germany,  the  rising  Formula  One  driver, 
signed  a new  three-year  contract  with  the  Benetton  team.  ( Reuters ) 

AC  M3an  Hew  to  Tokyo  by  chartered  plane  to  play  Sad  Paulo  of  Brazil 
in  the  Intercontinental  Cup  final  on  Dec.  12.  (AP) 


Quotable 


■ Sid  Hartman  of  the  Minneapolis  Star  Tribune,  writing  of  Notre 
i ethical  and  dean  in  all  phases  of  tire 


Dame's  Lou  Holtz:  “He  is  as 

coaching  business  as  any  coach  in  the  country.” 

• Letter  writer  Willard  L.  Thompson  of  Sl  Paul:  “This  doesn't 
necessarily  speak  highly  of  tire  other  guys  in  tire  business.’’ 


Compded  by  Ovr  Staff  From  Dispatdta 

MUNICH  — Boris  Becker  end- 
ed his  leunis  yea r Tuesday  as  he 

began  iL  amid  controversy. 

A few  hours  after  it  was  an- 
nounced that  he  had  split  with  his 
latest  coach,  Eric  Jden.  the  three- 
time  Wimbledon  champion  disap- 
peared from  the  Grand  Sam  Cup 
with  a 7-5  64  first-round  loss  to 
South  African  Wayne  Ferrara. 

Becker,  whose  refusal  to  play  for 
Germany  in  the  Davis  Cop  led  to  a 
public  row  with  compatriot  Mi- 
chael Stkh  at  tire  start  of  1993, 
began  a two-month  break  after  a 
performance  typical  of  the  slump 
that  has  dropped  out  of  the  top  10 
fra  the  first  time  since  he  won 
Wimbledon  as  a teenager  in  1985. 

Tuesday’s  match  had  tire  atmo- 
sphere of  a farewell  party  from  the 
start.  Everybody  who  is  anybody  in 
Becker’s  life  was  at  tire  courtside: 
His  fiancee,  Barbara  Feltns,  who  is 
to  give  birth  to  their  first  child  in 
January;  many  friends  and  several 
of  his  former  coaches. 

But  Ferreira,  ranked  22d  and  un- 
seeded, gained  a break  in  each  set 
to  win  in  1 hour,  37  minutes. 

Becker’s  ground  strokes  lacked 
consistency  and  confidence,  his 
volleys  woe  erratic  and  his  13  aces 
were  nearly  erased  by  10  double- 
fan]  is.  Two  straight  double-faults 


gave  Ferreira  a key  break  in  tire 
lltii  game,  after  Becker  had  wasted 
five  break  points  in  the  sixtit  game. 

Becker’s  manager.  Axel  Meyer- 
Wodden,  had  earlier  confirmed 
that  the  German  was  looking  fra  a 
new  coach  after  his  split  with  for- 
mer Davis  Cup  doubles  partner  Jo- 
len,  who  had  been  working  with 
Becker  for  only  six  months. 

Becker  has  now  had  Jour  coaches 
in  the  last  three  years  — Tomas 
Smid,  Niki  Rhc,  Gflnier  Bresnik 
and  Jden  — after  engaging  just 
Gtmther  Bosch  and  Bob  Brett  in 
tire  first  six  years  of  his  career. 

Becker  prepared  for  the  tourna- 
ment by  training  in  Florida  with 
Andre  Agassi’s  framer  coach.  Nick 
BoUeUieri.  That  led  to  rumors  they 
could  team  up;  Boflettieri  said 
Tuesday  there  had  been  no  discus- 
sions but  he  would  be  interested. 

The  cup,  which  invites  16  players 
with  tire  best  records  from  tire  four 
Grand  Slam  events  and  pays  the 
winner  S 1.625  million,  with  Petr 
Korda  beating  Alexander  Volkov, 
6-2,  6-3,  then  Stefan  Edberg’s  6-3, 
6-2  victory  over  Todd  Martin. 

The  winners  earned  5262^00  fra 
reaching  the  quarterfinals,  malting 
nearly  $4,000  a mutate  in  matches 
that  lasted  just  over  an  hour.  The 
losers  had  to  settle  for  $100,000. 

(Reuters.  AP) 


To  wheribe  m Cramany 
just  cel,  tofi  free, 


0130  84  85  85 


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INTERNATIONAL  HERALD  TRIBUNE,  WEDNESDAY,  DECEMBER  8, 1993 


OBSERVER 


Beyond  Peopledom 


By  Russell  Baker 
rASHINGTON  — Whenever 
I And  myself  growing  grim 
^bout  the  mouth:  whenever  it  is  a 
camp,  drizzly  November  in  my 
soul;  whenever  1 find  myself  invol- 
un tartly  pausing  before  coffin 
warehouses,  then  I account  it  high 
: jue  to  consult  People  magazine  as 
>oon  as  I can,  for  I recognize  the 
->rnptoms  all  too  clearly.  Elitism 
.its  cast  its  pall  upon  me. 

The  mail  confirms  iL  “Elitist!” 
j fowls  the  displeased  reader,  proud 
of  being  that  celebrity-besotted 
L 'rporaie  human.  The  Gammon 

- erson.  which  is  composed  of  The 
Common  Man  and  The  Common 
Woman.  People  magazine  is  my 
cure  for  this  elitist  onset. 

Off  I rush  to  the  nearest  doctor's, 
•.•r  dentist’s,  or  optometrist's  office. 

- ap  past  the  receptionist  without  so 
nuch  as  a "Have  a nice  day!”  while 
.•ching  a People  off  the  coffee  ta- 

..  ;c.  and  flee. 

□ 

Why.  you  mav  ask.  don't  I read 
-eopie  at  the ' grocery  checkout 
ininier?  Because  that's  where  I read 
.•roe  and  Newsweek  to  keep  up 
•••;h  great  trends  of  our  age.  thereby 
■ -.quiring  my  deplorable  elitism. 

nere  is  something  about  checkout- 
. unier  reading  thill  is  conducive  to 
ofound  and  high-toned  thought. 
...•j  that  something  is.  1 suspect. 

• ..her  Time  or  Newsweek. 

People  magazine,  however. 
■'  :ings  me  hack  into  contact  with 
. *?ple.  which  is  to  say  the  great 
■jnerican  celebrity  consumer  who 
-ows  at  a glance  who  Luke  and 
■nnie  are  and  who  grazes  happily 
year-old  fodder  about  Diana. 
“Diana's  Lonely  Battle"  is  the 
cover  stoty  in  ray  filched  People 
-lagazine.  Everyone  not  blinded  by 
r-ljlisni  will  instantly  recognize  that 
>!ie  Diana  doing  lonely  battle  is  not 
iana  the  Moon  Goddess,  nor 
. ,.dy  Diana  Duff  Cooper  who  was 
c.-'dyn  Waugh's  pen  paL  nor  the 
incomparable  Diana  Ross,  supre- 
me; t of  Supreme? . 

The  only  Diana  for  people  who 
•d  People  is  the  one  now  separat- 

- from  the  Prince  of  Wales.  If  you 

to  ask  who  Luke  and  Minnie 
.I.*,  you  must  be  as  elitist  as  I am. 

ought  to  be  ashamed  of  your- 
>df.  and  bad  better  filch  a People 
rf.iit  awav. 

□ 

?i  is  safe  to  assume:  though,  that 


Luke  and  Minnie  are  not  really  peo- 
ple. because  People  practically  never 
deals  with  people  unless  they  have 
been  murdered  by  killers  so  cele- 
brated that  they  have  risen  above 
mere  people  status  and  become  ce- 
lebrities. which  is  to  say  — People. 

My  filched  People  contains  snaps 
of  two  women  who  have  taken  that 
road  to  fame,  but  the  big  photo  is  of 
the  man  who  is  suspected  of  killing 
perhaps  17  women,  including  these 
two  in  the  snapshots. 

Some  celebrities  who  fill  the 
pages  of  People  might  take  offense 
at  the  suggestion  that  they  are  not 


really  people.  Many  celebrities  go 

'idddim  ' *" 


on  for  years  kidding  themselves 
about  being  real  people,  though  it 
should  be  obvious  that  if  they  were 
real  people  they  couldn't  possibly 
turn  up  in  People  magazine  without 
getting  murdered. 

Elmore  Leonard.  America's 
most  readable  writer,  makes  the 


point  perfectly  in  his  novel  “Get 
Short  v-  when  "be  desci 


j describes  a movie 

actor  who  wanted  to  be  a regular 
auy,  but  had  been  a movie  actor  for 
so  "long  he'd  forgotten  how. 

The  whole  point  of  People  maga- 
zine is  to  gratify  people's  desire  to 
read  about  humans  who  have  es- 
caped the  shackles  of  peopledom 
and  become  celebrities,  which  is  to 
53  V People  with  a capital  P. 


So  I am  rifling  desperately 
through  People.  Ji  is  amazing  bow 
many  new  celebrities  can  spring  up 
overnight.  It's  nice  to  see  Billy 
Crystal  survives:  he  was  here  last 
time  I took  the  People  cure.  So  were 
Yves  Saint  Laurent  and  Regis  Phil- 
bin.  good  old  Regis. 

But  rapper  Tupac  Shakuf?  Later  1 
must  turn  to  Page  89  to  see  if  that 
nnm>»  is  maybe  one  of  those  put-on 
jokes  about  Joe  SL\pak.  Now. 
though.  I'm  too  busy  meeting  David 
Marks.  Oksana  BaiuL  Kiki  Ebsen. 
Bruce  Campbell.  Tom  Dorrance. 
Penelope  Ann  Mfller.  And  what 
about  eihnobotanisi  Mark  Plotfcm! 

Somebody,  maybe  Eric  Sevareid. 
once  defined  a celebrity  as  a person 
who  was  famous  for  being  famous. 
It  must  be  worse  than  that,  though. 
There's  something  cannibalistic  in 
the  public  demand  For  People  to 
feed  on.  Maybe  a celebrity  is  also  a 
person  doomed  to  be  eaten  by  peo- 
ple. 

VVh-  York  Tima  Semtv 


A House  Finland’s  Opera  Can  Call  Home 


By  John  Rockwell 

Sew  York  Tima  Service 

HELSINKJ  — In  recent  years.  Fin- 
land, with  composers  like  Aulis  Sal- 
linen.  Joonas  Kokkonen,  Einojuhani  Rau- 
tavaara  and  Erik  Bergman,  has  produced 
more  operas  of  international  distinction 
than  any  other  country.  For  a small  nation 
on  the  northern  fringes  of  Europe,  that  is  a 
remarkable  achievement. 

Almost  as  remarkable  has  been  the  fact 
that  up  to  this  past  week,  Finland  has 
lacked  a theater  specifically  designed  for 
opera.  The  two  most  prominent  operatic 
entities  in  the  country  played  in  makeshift 
spaces:  the  Furnish  National  Opera  in  the 
500-seat  Alexander  Theater,  built  in  1879 
for  the  amusement  of  the  Russian  garrison 
stationed  in  Helsinki,  and  the  Savonlirma 
Opera  Festival  in  the  temporarily  covered 
courtyard  of  the  500-year-old  Otavinlinna 
Castle.  _ 

Now.  that  lack  has  been  grandly  recti- 
fied. and  in  a way  that  does  belated  honor 
to  the  country’s  modern-day  tradition  of 
operatic  composition.  Last  week  the  gleam- 
ing new  Finnish  National  Opera  on  ’r“ 
lonlahti  Bav  in  the  center  of  this  dt 


on  Too- 

lonlahti  Bay  in  the  center  of  this  dty  was 
inaugurated  with  Sallrnen's  gripping  opera 
•‘Kullervo."  The  title  role  was  sung  by 
Jorma  Hynninen.  a world-renowned  bari- 
tone wbo  is  also  the  former  artistic  director 
of  the  Furnish  National  Opera  and  the 
current  director  of  the  Savonlinna  Opera 
Festival.  _ 

The  opening  was  the  beginning  of  a five- 
dav  celebration  of  the  new  theater,  which 
was  in  fact  completed  in  the  spring  and 
has  seen  various  concert,  operas  and  bal- 
lets since  May  in  productions  adapted 
from  the  .Alexander  Theater.  These  were 
designed  to  acclimate  the  company  to  its 
vastly  expanded  new  home,  nearly  three 
times  the  size  of  the  old  theater  although, 
at  1.385  seats,  still  only  one-third  the  size 
of  the  Metropolitan  Opera  in  New  York. 

The  week's  festivities,  which  attracted 
dignitaries  and  critics  from  around  the 
world  also  included  the  first  new  produc- 
tion for  the  new  theater  by  the  Furnish 
National  Ballet,  “Swan  Lake”;  the  first 
new  production  of  a standard-repertory 
opera.  “Carmen";  a repeat  of  “KuIIervo”; 
and  a concert  on  Saturday. 

"Now  we  Finns  can  show  the  world  we 
con  be  successful  in  our  an  on  our  own 
turf,"  said  Walton  Gronroos,  the  compa- 
ny's director.  “We  don't  need  any  more  to 
go  around  the  world."  he  added,  referring 
to  the  company's  frequent  tours.  “Now, 
the  world  will 'come  to  us.” 

The  reaction  in  the  Finnish  press  was 
rapturous,  and  there  was  good  reason  for 
rapture.  The  new  building  won  an  archi- 
tectural competition  in  1977.  But  wbat  one 
Furnish  critic  called  “a  lack  of  money  and 


HdsnkTs  new  opera  boose,  with  a seating  capacity  of  1,400. 


Agcflcc  PnfiV'hcw 


political  will"  delayed  the  start  of  con- 
struction until  1986,  with  further  delays 
caused  by  the  recession  and  the  bankrupt- 
cy of  several  subcontractors.  The  “Kul- 
lervo"  premiere  took  place  in  Los  Angeles 
in  early  1992,  after  it  had  become  dear 
that  the  Helsinki  theater  for  which  it  was 
intended  would  not  be  ready.  The  total 
cost  of  the  construction  was  SI 35  million. 

The  design,  by  a three-man  architectur- 
al team  headed  by  Eero  Hyvamaki,  may 
lack  the  boldness  of  Alvar  .Aalto's  Finlan- 
dia Hall  on  the  same  shore;  to  some,  the 
exterior  looks  like  dated  corporate  mod- 
ernism. But  its  white  walls  and  arched 
glass  atriums  blend  weB  with  the  light- 
colored  exteriors  of  both  Finlandia  Hall 
and  the  National  Theater  on  the  other  side 
of  the  bay. 


Inside,  the  theater  is  more  striking  still, 
much  Nordic 


with  the  high-tech  look  of  so  much  Nordic 
architecture  softened  by  light  may  marble 
and  polished  parquet  floors  of  red  beech. 
The  auditorium  — there  is  also  a flexible 
small  half  seating  between  200  and  500 — 
may  be  intimate  on  American  terms,  with 
no  seat  farther  than  100  feet  (30.5  meters) 
from  the  stage.  But  backstage,  everything 
is  up-to-date,  and  company  members  have 
pronounced  the  acoustics  first-rate. 

The  stage  size  is  up  to  international  stan- 
dards, too,  permitting  the  company  to  assay 
Wagner  and  other  large-scale  scores  for  the 


first  time.  Gronroos,  who  is  still  an  ensem- 
ble member  at  the  Deutsche  Oper,  of  Ber- 
lin, win  ring  Wolfram  when  that  company 
presents  Wagner’s  “Tarmbauser"  here  in 
April,  and  there  will  be  a Famish  produc- 
tion of  “Lohengrin"  in  June. 

‘TCaDervo,"  which  was  warmly  received 
at  its  Los  Angeles  premiere  with  the  same 
production  and  mneb  the  same  cast  as  last 
week  in  Helsinki,  made  a somber  yet  sym- 
bolically appropriate  opening  open.  That 
was  parity  because  tins  tale  of  a cursed 
destroyer  of  all  that  he  loves  comes  from  the 
“KalevaJa,”  the  national  epic  of  Finland. 

Sibelius  wrote  a “KuHovo"  Symphony, 
but  shied  away  from  opera.  Salfinen’s 
score  continues  a compositional  line  from 
Wagner  through  Sibelius  to  modernity;  its 
debts  are  obvious  but  so  is  its  originality. 
The  composer  uses  speech  and  electronic 
effects  and  dissonance  where  expressively 
appropriate.  Yet  Us  idiom  has  a gloomy 
Romantic  breadth  that  appeals  to  interna- 
tional opera  audiences.  Certainty  the  per- 
formance, with  not  only  Hynninen  bat 
also  a supporting  cast  headed  by  Jorma 
SOvasti,  a strong  young  tenor,  and  the 
veteran  conductor  Ulf  Soderbliun,  did  Sal- 
finen’s  opera  full  justice. 

Given  the  overtly  mythical  nature  of 
“Kulkrvo,"  there  was  some  discussion  the 
day  after  the  performance  ax  a symporium 
on  new  Finnish  operas,  as  tojust  whaithe 


Finnish  opera “boom”  represents  and  how 
internationally  appealing  it  can  be.  WhQe 
the  Finnish  National  Opera  has  per- 
formed several  new  operas  widely,  new 
Finnish  opera  has  hardly  joined  the  main- 
stream repertory.  . _ . . 

Partly,  said  Pekka  Hake  of  the  Famish 
Music  Information  Center,  that  is  because 
*5t  is  hard  in  whistle  Finnish  national  val- 
ues." Seppo  Hefitinhamo,  the  chief  muse 
critic  for  (he  leading  Helsinki  newspaper. 
The  Helsinki  News,  went  so  far  as  to  sug- 
gest that  the  entire  phenomenon  had  been 
artificially  created  by  the  Finnish  govern- 
ment's sponsoring  tours  and  subsidizing 
critics  to  come  to  Hdtinki.  This  accusation 
of  impropriety  was  met  with  shocked  har- 
rumphing, since  most  of  the  assembled  crit- 
ics had  indeed  participated  in.  a government 
junket  to  attend  the  opening. 

On  the  other  hand,  such  payments  are 
accepted  practice  in  Europe,  and  Finnish 
opera  has  a truly  wide  appeal,  proven  by 
its  solid  sales  on  compact  disks,  especially 
in  the  United  States.  One  might  even  sug- 
gest Finnish  composers  have  followed 
the  same  practice  as  Andrew  Lloyd  Web- 
ber, who  has  built  anticipation  for  his 
musicals  by  first  releasing  recordings. 
“KoBervo"  was  available  for  months  be- 
fore its  Finnish  premiere,  and  Bergman's 
Tree,’*  not  scheduled  for  its 
remiere  until  1995,  is  already  in  the 
stores. 

For  the  future,  Gronroos  said  the  main 
immediate  need  is  for  the  company  to 
adjust  technically  and  psychologically  to 
its  spacious  new  surroundings,  and  to 
to  presenting  200  opera  and 


performances  in  repertory  over  a 10- 
“The  small  house  is  still  i 


m 


mouth  season, 
the  brains  of  our  people,”  he  said. 

The  "Swan  Lake19  production  was  a re- 
creation  of  Vladimir  Bourmeistefs  version 
of  the  Petipa-lvanov  model  by  Josette 
Amid  of  the  Paris  Opera  Balia  School 
The  dancing  was  appealing  bw  provincial, 
despite  the  22-yean-old  Nma  Nyvarisen’s 
convincing  Odette/Odfle: 

Gronroos,  who  has  been- accused  of 
plotting  too  conservative  a course,  said  he 
intended  to  sustain  the  company's  com- 
mitment to  Finnish  operas,  with  a new 
production  of  Kokkonen's  “Last  Tempta- 
tions" in  September,  “The  Singing  Tree” 

the  folkwing  season  and  a world  premiere 
in  1996-7. 

He  conceded  that  the  very  grandeur  of 
the  company's  new  home  might  daunt 
composers  comfortable  in  less  imposing 
circumstances,  but  be  remained  *^f*v'i«f>r 
that  the  theater  would  ultimately  benefit 
Finnish  opera. 

“I  believe  that  our  artistic  level  wfll  be 
now,”  be  said.  1 hope  everything 
be  easier  for  us,  and  that  the  creative 
power  win  still  be  very  strong.” 


PEOPLE 


EfkevSvZsaZsozJurr 
Fines  Gabor  ffiMHUm 


A jury  has  awarded  actress  E&e 
Stonier  S2  million  in  compeasq- 
toiy  damages  in  a libel  suit  against 
Zsa  Zsa  Gabor  and  her  husband, 
who  were  accused  of  saying  that 
Sommer  was  broke,  balding  and 
frequented  sleazy  bars.  Sommer's 
attorney  said  his  client  dedmod  to 
comment  until  the  jury  had  fin- 
ished its  work.  The  panel  was 
scheduled  to  meet  again  to  deride 
punitive  damages.  Sommer.  53. 
claimed  she  suffered  sleepless 
.nights,  headaches  mid  nausea  after 
remarks  reportedly  made  by  Gabor 
and  her  husband,  Frederick  vou 
Anhalt,  were,  published  in  a Ger- 
man magazine  in  1990. 

D 

Let  it  be,  said  President  BfflCSa- 
t&n,  and  so  Paul  McGntoey  has 
been  invited  to  give  a concert  at  the 
White  Heme  next  year,  according 
to  bis  publicist.  No  dare  has  beat 
set. 

~ . •'  a 

. Competition  from  Rush:  About 
200  w^wrishens  came  to  help  Rnsh 
LimbwjjtcdkibxatethepoblicatiaQ 
of  his  second  book,  “See,  I Told 
Yon  So,"  at  a Los  Angeles  cocktail 
party,  held  the  same  night  as  Presi- 
des* Ifi9  CSmoa  attended  a fund- 
raiser at  the  home  of  Maria  Davis. 

D 


Richard  Gere  says  his  supenno- 
dd  wife  Canty  Crawford  “has  been 
very  vocal  about  wanting  a family." 
In  the  latest  issue  of  Vanity  Fair, 
the  actor  said:  “I  think  if  it  was 
something  1 didn’t  want  to  da,  she 
would  reluctantly  withdraw  from 
rim  relationship. 

□ 

Michael  Crichton  says  critics 
who  accused  him  of  Japan-bashing 
in  ■‘Rifang  Stm”  left  him  so  gun-shy  ■ 
he  got  writer's  block.  He  finally 
finished  iris  new  book,  about  amah 
who  is  seauaSy  harassed  by  Ids 
woman  boss.  “Disclosure"  is  due 
out  hr  January.  MI  coaklu’i  proceed 
for  several  months,"  be  said  in  a 
magazine  interview.  “1  thought 
there  was  a possibility  of  such  a 
response  to  this  book  that 


jr,  I wasn't  sure  fd  be 
able  to  do  a.” 


imERNAHOiVAL 

CLASSIFIED 

Appears  an  Pages  8&  17 


WEATHER 


CROSSWORD 


Europe 

Today 

Tomorrow 

H0h 

Loto 

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Forecast  for  Thursday  through  Saturday,  as  provided  by  Accu-Weather.  Asia 


JatiNim 


North  America 

A strong  storm  will  pound  the 
Wes*,  Coast  from  Portland, 
0>«..  northward  through 
Vancouver.  British  Columbia, 
Idler  Thursday  Into  Friday. 
Winds  wIR  gust  above  120 
kph  along  the  coast  along 
•nth  windswept  rain.  Much  at 
the  eastern  United  Slates 
will  have  tranquil  weather 
this  week. 


Europe 

Very  stormy  weather  will 
move  Into  western  and  cen- 
tral Europe  horn  the  Atlantic 
Ocean  ttis  week.  The  region 
leant  Dublin  to  Paris  ana 
Franklun  will  have  heavy 
tans  and  strong  winds  g us- 
ing over  tOCr  kph  a!  umes.  A 
lew  spots  In  northwestern 
France  may  have  gusts  to 
120  kph  Thursday. 


Asia 

The  remnants  ol  Tropical 
Storm  Lola  may  bnng  heavy 
rams  to  southern  Vieinam 
Thursday.  Meanwhle,  Tropi- 
cal Storm  Manny  rs  expected 
to  pass  by  to  the  northeast  rf 
the  Philippines  Thursday  Into 
Friday.  Much  ol  China  writ 
have  dry  weather  with  a 
Iresh  coW  air  mass  arriving 
m Beipng  and  Seoul  Friday. 


Middle  East 


Latin  America 


Mvl 

Cairo 

Damascus 

Joua^m 


1 Oder 
Hflh  Low 
err  of 

10*4  14/57 
2Q«B  1 1/SC 
1«/S7  0/43 

14/97  BM 
25.77  6.43 

atm  MUM 


Tomorrow 
W Hkyi  Low  V* 
OF  OF 
p!  was  M/57  c 
pC  21170  12753  PS 
pe  isrw  7«4  pc 

pc  16*1  Bus  PC 
a 37 <90  B/4B  B 
a atm  IQ/M  a 


Today  Tonvntnv 

t*0>  Low  W H0<  Low  W 
OF  OF  OF  OF 

BwanosVaa  34 /*J  10/04  , avoa  18/54  > 

Cancan  «/M  24/75  c JQ/B&  24/75  oe 

Lhia  23/73  19/66  ■ 23/73  19/66  PC 

MadooG*  24/75  S/«  pc  24.73  *40  pc 

nodsJWMMo  20/82  23/73  pc  28/82  23/73  pc 

Sun  sago  26/7S  10/50  a 31/80  IB/BI  pc 


Leased: « -Mm,  penparty 
sn-anow.Hce,  W-Waatier 


doudy.  c-doudy.  ih-showms.  t-t*indsr»omro.  warn,  sl-www  lunei. 

All  maps,  loracaets  and  data  provided  by  Aecu-VfMther.  Inc.  1 1983 


Asia 

Today 

Ton  or,  a* 

High 

Urn 

W 

Won 

Low  W 

C/F 

OF 

OF 

OF 

B*ng6oh 

31/86 

19/66 

31<SB 

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c 

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Mmla 

30.86 

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| 

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Seoul 

6/43 

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15/59 

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26/82 

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c 

20.84 

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T«P« 

23/73 

15/59 

1 

23/73 

17/62  pe 

T<**o 

0/48 

0/32 

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13/55 

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Africa 

A19M* 

17/62 

11*52 

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10/64 

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GtpeTmn 

34.75 

13/36 

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22/71 

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31/70 

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9 

22/71 

11/52  4 

Hnra 

22/71 

6/43 

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20/79 

8*46  * 

Ugoo 

31/88 

24/75 

pe  3S«e 

25.77  * 

Naiob 

22/71 

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13/55  pe 

Turta 

19/84 

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North  America 

Antfioraga 

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ADSTB 

14/57 

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Chicago 

5/41 

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Hon  Chiu 

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20/01 

11(52  pc 

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26/78 

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MnrwaeaOa 

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1 0utlet  center? 
s Wheat— — 

(crackers] 
io  Stick  around 
14  The  last  Mrs. 
Chaplin 


20  Colonist's 
command 

23  "Piggies' 

24  Have  a hunch 

25  Like  crazy 

20  Waikiki  dances 


IS  Storyteller  of 
I Greece 


okfl 
io  Opening  tor  a 
sweat  bead 
17  Ballerina's  skirt 
io  Strainer 
io  Novelist 
Murdoch 


31  Dungeons  & 
Dragons  beast 


32  How,  a.g. 

34  School  grp. 


37  Judy  Garland's 
command 


40  Embroider 


Solution  to  Ptnatie  of  Dec.  7 


41  Bowting  fanes 
43  The  hunted 

43  Feeds  the  flame 

44  Haute,  bid. 

45  Thursday's 
eponym 

47  In  a mo 
4*  February 
command 
SS  invitation  word 
so  Heretofore 
mentioned 
57  Congressman 
Gingrich 

5s — even  keel 

00  Basic  belief 

01  Ballooned 
62  Took  Off 

a Shorthand,  tor 
short 

*4  Fair  to  middlin' 


a Award-winning 
science  show 
•Expedited 

10  Places  forties 

11  "The  Velvet 
Fog' 

12 'The  Littie 
Mermaid' 


O New  York  Times  Edited  by  Will  Shortz. 

r 


13  Sandburg's 
“The  People, 


DOWN 


1 Kitty 

2 Musical  forte? 
a Golden  rule 

word 

4 Knight's  glove 

5 Discrimination 
o Win-reading 

attendees 

7'Um-hmm' 


21 1982 Pryor  film, 
with  The' 

23  Best — — 

25  May  honorees 
as  "Let  Us  Now 
Praise  Famous 
Men*  author 
27  Columnist 
Pearson 
as  Sharpens 
as— — daisy 
JOOJC’s 

32  Athlete  from 
Tres  Ccracoes, 
Brazfl 

33  Brooklet 


34  Good  engine 
sound 


Sf  Level 

so’ sow...* 

JlTVhostPovich 


so  Job  vacancies 

43  India  .- 

44  Candidate  for 
day  com 

45  Butcher's  cut 
4oRambo,s.g.' 


47  Early  evening 

4« a customer 

*0  Winery  fixtures 
si  DrfVBtheget- 
• away  car,  maybe 
sa  Sole 


53  Claudius's 
adopted  son 


54Sheepcote 

matriarchs 

so  Intimidate 
sa  Brace 


A WEEK 


i 


IN  THE  LIFE  OF  THE  TRIB 


Monday 

MONDAY  SPORTS 


Thursday 

HEALTH/SCIENCE 


Plus  daily 


Tuesday 

STYLE 


Friday 

LEISURE 


POLITICS  AND  ECONOMICS 
BUSINESS  AND  FINANCE 


Wednesday 

STAGE 


Saturday-Sunday 

ART/ 


FOOD  AND  FASHION  THE  NEW  YORK  TIMES 

m CROSSWORD 

FILM  AND  THEATER  m 

m § A LIVELY  ARRAY  OF  COMICS 

OPINION  AND  COMMENTARY  BOOKS  AND  TRAVEL 


ENTERTAINMENT  THE  MONEY  REPORT  THE  ARTS  AND  SCIENCE 


BRIDGE  AND  CHESS 


PULITZER  PRIZE  WINNING 
FEATURE  COLUMNISTS 


Don't  miss  out. 

Make  sure  you  get  your  copy  of  the  IHT  every  day. 


4 


f Up  Li  I t’j*  ! LSa?